Apple powdery mildew caused by Podosphaera leucotricha: some aspects of biology

Apple powdery mildew (Podoshphaera leucorticha) occurs wherever apples are grown. One of the most important fungal diseaseof apple which causing severe econimic loss on susceptible apple cultivars. Biology of the pathogen is widely investigated all over the worldin the past 100 years. In this review, a summary from this enormous research is made for biology of apple powdery mildew in the followingaspects: geographical distribution, morphology, taxonomy of the causal agent, symptoms, host susceptibility, resistance durability and diseasecycle

Apple powdery mildew caused by Podosphaera leucotricha: some aspects of biology

Apple powdery mildew (Podoshphaera leucorticha) occurs wherever apples are grown. One of the most important fungal disease of apple which causing severe econimic loss on susceptible apple cultivars. Biology of the pathogen is widely investigated all over the world in the past 100 years. In this review, a summary from this enormous research is made for biology of apple powdery mildew in the following aspects: geographical distribution, morphology, taxonomy of the causal agent, symptoms, host susceptibility, resistance durability and disease cycle

Mechanical and physical control in apple orchards as preventative fungal disease management

In this minreview, mechanical and physical control against apple fungal diseases among non-chemical control approaches were summarized. This overview listed five groups of mechanical and physical control methods:  pruning, removal of inoculum sources, shredding of leaf litter, burying of inoculum sources and flaming of leaf litter. These methods were shown to reduce succesfully infection potential of inoculum sources in orchards and these non-chemical control measures are one of the most essential approaches for preventative fungal disease management. However, most of these methods are not widely spread in the apple-growing practice due to relatively low control efficacy, medium to high labour costs and/or time limits during the season

Preliminary study on micro area based spatial distribution of powdery mildew in an organic apple orchard

In this study, the objective was to report a preliminary study on micro area based spatial distribution of powdery mildew in anorganic apple orchard. Results showed that number of symptomatic plant part ranged between 11 and 20 on shoot and between 9 and 24 onfruit. Number of asymptomatic plant part ranged between 85 and 109 on shoot and between 133 and 206 on fruit. Disease incidence rangedbetween 13.8 and 17.6% on shoot and between 9.1 and 11.3% on fruit. Disease aggregation index ranged between 0.098 and 0.228 on shootand between 0.043 and 0.108 on fruit. One of the four trees showed significant within canopy aggregation of disease for shoot powderymildew symptoms in both years. For leaf powdery mildew, all tree exhibited random patterns in both years

Harvest and postharvest brown rot of fruit in relation to early latent infection caused by Monilinia spp. in Hungary

In this study, the effect of early latent infection caused by Monilina spp. on harvest and postharvest brown rot of sour cherry and peach was investigated. Two field experiments were performed in commercial orchards located at Eperjeske on sour cherry and at Siófok on peach in 2013 and 2014 in order to study the possible relationship between the incidence of early latent infection caused by Monilinia spp. and the incidence of harvest and postharvest brown rot. No latent infection was recorded at popcorn phanological stage of the trees at both locations. The maximum incidence was detected during the pit hardening period. There was a positive  correlation between the incidence of latent infection and harvest or postharvest brown rot. The average  incidence of latent infection during the crop season explained approximatelly 20% of the total variation in the incidence of postharvest brown rot

Preliminary study on micro area based spatial distribution of powdery mildew in an organic apple orchard

In this study, the objective was to report a preliminary study on micro area based spatial distribution of powdery mildew in an organic apple orchard. Results showed that number of symptomatic plant part ranged between 11 and 20 on shoot and between 9 and 24 on fruit. Number of asymptomatic plant part ranged between 85 and 109 on shoot and between 133 and 206 on fruit. Disease incidence ranged between 13.8 and 17.6% on shoot and between 9.1 and 11.3% on fruit. Disease aggregation index ranged between 0.098 and 0.228 on shoot and between 0.043 and 0.108 on fruit. One of the four trees showed significant within canopy aggregation of disease for shoot powdery mildew symptoms in both years. For leaf powdery mildew, all tree exhibited random patterns in both years

Apple powdery mildew caused by Podosphaera leucotricha: some aspects of disease management

Apple powdery mildew (Podoshphaera leucorticha) occurs wherever apples are grown. One of the most important fungal disease of apple which causing severe econimic loss on susceptible apple cultivars. This review focuses on the control of apple powdery mildew. The first part of the study provides details of novel aspects of non-chemical control approaches, including agronomic measures, mechanical and biological control options as well as essential features of apple cultivar resistance. After this, developments in chemical control options are described sperately for integrated and organic apple orchards

Disease warning models for brown rot fungi of fruit crops

In this review, disease warning models for brown rot fungi, including Monilinia fructigena, M. laxa and M. fructicola, weresummarized. Few studies have been made to relate epidemiology and disease warning in brown rot infection caused by M. fructicola and M.laxa in order to predict infections or develop decision support models for fungicide applications during the growing season. More recently adisease warning model and a decision support system were also performed for M. fructigena for organic apple orchards. This review gives anoverview on some details of the above disease warning models and decision support system

Apple powdery mildew caused by Podosphaera leucotricha: some aspects of disease management

Apple powdery mildew (Podoshphaera leucorticha) occurs wherever apples are grown. One of the most important fungal diseaseof apple which causing severe econimic loss on susceptible apple cultivars. This review focuses on the control of apple powdery mildew. Thefirst part of the study provides details of novel aspects of non-chemical control approaches, including agronomic measures, mechanical andbiological control options as well as essential features of apple cultivar resistance. After this, developments in chemical control options aredescribed sperately for integrated and organic apple orchards