Review of thermo-physical properties, wetting and heat transfer characteristics of nanofluids and their applicability in industrial quench heat treatment

The success of quenching process during industrial heat treatment mainly depends on the heat transfer characteristics of the quenching medium. In the case of quenching, the scope for redesigning the system or operational parameters for enhancing the heat transfer is very much limited and the emphasis should be on designing quench media with enhanced heat transfer characteristics. Recent studies on nanofluids have shown that these fluids offer improved wetting and heat transfer characteristics. Further water-based nanofluids are environment friendly as compared to mineral oil quench media. These potential advantages have led to the development of nanofluid-based quench media for heat treatment practices. In this article, thermo-physical properties, wetting and boiling heat transfer characteristics of nanofluids are reviewed and discussed. The unique thermal and heat transfer characteristics of nanofluids would be extremely useful for exploiting them as quench media for industrial heat treatment

Experimental and theoretical studies of nanofluid thermal conductivity enhancement: a review

Nanofluids, i.e., well-dispersed (metallic) nanoparticles at low- volume fractions in liquids, may enhance the mixture's thermal conductivity, knf, over the base-fluid values. Thus, they are potentially useful for advanced cooling of micro-systems. Focusing mainly on dilute suspensions of well-dispersed spherical nanoparticles in water or ethylene glycol, recent experimental observations, associated measurement techniques, and new theories as well as useful correlations have been reviewed

USE OF HIGH SURFACE NANOFIBROUS MATERIALS IN MEDICINE

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Thermal Conductivity and Viscosity Measurements of Water-Based TiO2 Nanofluids

WOS: 000270541700011In this study, the thermal conductivity and viscosity of TiO2 nanoparticles in deionized water were investigated up to a volume fraction of 3% of particles. The nanofluid was prepared by dispersing TiO2 nanoparticles in deionized water by using ultrasonic equipment. The mean diameter of TiO2 nanoparticles was 21 nm. While the thermal conductivity of nanofluids has been measured in general using conventional techniques such as the transient hot-wire method, this work presents the application of the 3 omega method for measuring the thermal conductivity. The 3 omega method was validated by measuring the thermal conductivity of pure fluids (water, methanol, ethanol, and ethylene glycol), yielding accurate values within 2%. Following this validation, the effective thermal conductivity of TiO2 nanoparticles in deionized water was measured at temperatures of 13 A degrees C, 23 A degrees C, 40 A degrees C, and 55 A degrees C. The experimental results showed that the thermal conductivity increases with an increase of particle volume fraction, and the enhancement was observed to be 7.4% over the base fluid for a nanofluid with 3% volume fraction of TiO2 nanoparticles at 13 A degrees C. The increase in viscosity with the increase of particle volume fraction was much more than predicted by the Einstein model. From this research, it seems that the increase in the nanofluid viscosity is larger than the enhancement in the thermal conductivity.TUBITAKTurkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [107M160]; AUF-PCSI [6316 PS821]This work has been supported by TUBITAK (Project no: 107M160) and Agence Universitaire de la Francophonie (Project no: AUF-PCSI 6316 PS821)

Preparation and characterization of thin films by plasma polymerization of glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane at different plasma powers and exposure times

WOS: 000268123800024This study aims to form a functional film on the glass substrates by plasma polymerization of glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (gamma-GPS). Low frequency plasma generator was used to prepare plasma polymer thin films of gamma-GPS (PlzP-gamma-GPS) on glass substrates at different plasma powers (30, 60 and 90W) and exposure times (5, 15 and 30 min). XPS analyses were utilized to reveal the presence of functional groups in plasma polymer films. When higher plasma powers are applied, relative amount of Si-C bonds decreases and the amount of Si-O bonds increases. Contact angle measurements were performed to evaluate surface characteristics. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies were carried out to elucidate morphological changes. From AFM observations, it was obtained that the surface roughness slightly increased with the increase of plasma power from 30 to 90 W. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Thermal-Diffusivity Measurements of Conductive Composites Based on EVA Copolymer Filled With Expanded and Unexpanded Graphite

In this research, the thermal diffusivity of composites based on ethylene- vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer filled with two kinds of reinforcement graphite materials was investigated. The reinforcement graphite fillers were untreated natural graphite (UG) and expanded graphite (EG). Composite samples up to 29.3 % graphite particle volumetric concentrations (50 % mass concentration) were prepared by the melt- mixing process in a Brabender Plasticorder. Upon mixing, the EG exfoliates in these films having nanosized thicknesses as evidenced by TEM micrographs. Thus, the thermal diffusivity and electrical conductivity of composites based on the ethylene-vinyl acetate matrix filled with nanostructuralized expanded graphite and standard, micro-sized graphite were investigated. From the experimental results it was deduced that the electrical conductivity was not only a function of filler concentration, but also strongly dependent on the graphite structure. The percolation concentration of the filler was found to be (15 to 17) vol% for micro-sized natural graphite, whereas the percolation concentration of the filler in nanocomposites filled with expanded graphite was much lower, about (5 to 6) vol%. The electrical conductivity of nanocomposites was also much higher than the electrical conductivity of composites filled with micro-sized filler at similar concentrations. Similarly, the values of the thermal diffusivity for the nanocomposites, EG-filled EVA, were significantly higher than the thermal diffusivity of the composites filled with micro-sized filler, UG-filled EVA, at similar concentrations. For 29.3 % graphite particle volumetric concentrations, the thermal diffusivity was 8.23 x 10(-7) m(2) center dot s(-1) for EG-filled EVA and 6.14 x 10(-7) m(2) center dot s(-1) for UG-filled EVA. The thermal diffusivity was measured by the flash method