Electromagnetic properties of LaCa[3]Fe[5]O[12] in the microwave range

The X-ray diffraction analysis of the LaCa[3]Fe[5]O[12] ferrite (lanthanum ferrite) prepared through high-temperature synthesis via ceramic technology was performed. It was found that ferrites belong to tetragonal system. The electromagnetic response from a flat layer of the composite based on this material under electromagnetic radiation in the frequency range of 0.01-18 GHz was investigated. It is shown that the developed material effectively interacts with electromagnetic radiation. The interaction effectiveness is directly proportional to ferrite concentration. Increased concentration of ferrite leads to growth of the reflection coefficient due to high conductivity of the material and visible decrease in the transmission coefficient in the frequency range of 4-14 GHz

TOPOGRAPHIC-GEODETIC AND CARTOGRAPHIC SUPPORT OF THE ARCTIC ZONE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

A version of the project of the concept of topographic, geodetic and cartographic support of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation based on the use of modern means and tools is presented, including its content. The results of the development in the Arctic, carried out with the participation of the authors in 1961-1967 and 1975-1992, are presented in detail. The strategic importance and great attention of the state structures to the development of the Arctic zone is underlined. The key moments of the development of topographic, geodetic and cartographic support for this region are given. The role of leading research institutes in this process is shown. The proposed concept includes six stages. When creating a planimetric geodetic base, the authors recommend an alternative innovative algorithm for determining the height H without first calculating the latitude B and use only satellite measurements. The extremely important question of converting geodetic coordinates B, L into rectangular plane coordinates x, y is considered. For the territory of the Russian Federation new developments are proposed, they use data from satellite determinations, a new approach to the determination of normal heights and the conversion of rectangular space coordinates into rectangular plane coordinates necessary for mapping. The required regulations of reference documentation for the topographic survey of the shelf are shown. The importance of implementing the concept in connection with the definition of the outer boundary of the continental shelf of the Arctic Ocean is shown

Structural Changes of Mo/ZSM-5 Catalysts During the Methane Dehydroaromatization

The structure changes of Mo/ZSM-5 catalysts with different Mo content (2 and 10 wt. % Mo) and Si/Al atomic ratio (17, 30 and 45) during the methane dehydroaromatization have been investigated by X-ray powder diffractometry, N2 adsorption and transmission electron microscopy. The treatment of Mo/ZSM-5 catalysts in reducing atmosphere (CH4 or H2) at about 700 oC promotes development of mesoporous system. The pores are open to the exterior of the zeolite grain and have an entrance diameter of ~ 4-10 nm. It is proposed that mesopore formation in Mo/ZSM-5 catalyst is connected with the dealumination of zeolite. The mesopore formation in the parent H-ZSM-5 zeolite by NaOH treatment does not improve the activity of /ZSM-5 catalyst

A review of simulation and modeling approaches in microbiology

Bacterial communities are tightly interconnected systems consisting of numerous species making it challenging to analyze their structure and relations. There are several experimental techniques providing heterogeneous data concerning various aspects of this object. A recent avalanche of metagenomic data challenges not only biostatisticians but also biomodelers, since these data are essential to improve the modeling quality while simulation methods are useful to understand the evolution of microbial communities and their function in the ecosystem. An outlook on the existing modeling and simulation approaches based on different types of experimental data in the field of microbial ecology and environmental microbiology is presented. A number of approaches focusing on a description of such microbial community aspects as its trophic structure, metabolic and population dynamics, genetic diversity as well as spatial heterogeneity and expansion dynamics is considered. We also propose a classification of the existing software designed for simulation of microbial communities. It is shown that although the trend for using multiscale/hybrid models prevails, the integration between models concerning different levels of biological organization of communities still remains a problem to be solved. The multiaspect nature of integration approaches used to model microbial communities is based on the need to take into account heterogeneous data obtained from various sources by applying high-throughput genome investigation methods

Deactivation and Regeneration of Mo/ZSM-5 Catalysts for Methane Dehydroaromatization

The methane dehydroaromatization (DHA) was studied over a series of impregnated Mo/ZSM-5 catalysts with different molybdenum contents (1-10 wt.%). It was shown that total methane conversion was decreased by 30% during 12 h of DHA reaction. The benzene formation rate was increased from 0.5 to 13.9 mol C6H6/(gMo·s) when the molybdenum content in the catalyst was lowered from 10 to 1 wt.%. The deactivated Mo/ZSM-5 catalysts were studied by a group of methods: N2 adsorption, XRD, TGDTA, HRTEM and XPS. The content and condensation degree (C/H ratio) of the carbonaceous deposits was found to increase with an increase of either of the following parameters: molybdenum content (1-10 wt.%), reaction temperature (720-780 °C), space velocity (405-1620 h-1), reaction time (0.5-20 h). The stability of Mo/ZSM-5 catalysts in reaction-regeneration cycles was better when the time on stream was shorter. The regeneration conditions of deactivated Mo/ZSM-5 catalysts providing their stable operation under multiple reaction-regeneration cycles have been selected

Апоптоз лимфоцитов при атопической бронхиальной астме

The present work shows results of investigation of spontaneous and induced apoptosis in blood lymphocytes (L) in healthy donors and atopic asthma (AA) patients. Apoptosis was assessed by several parameters: changes of the mitochondrial potential (MP) and of phosphatidylserine (PS) expression level on the outer leaflet plasma membrane, forward and side scatter parameters and DNA fragmentation using the flow cytometry. We obtained that the DNA fragmentation in the AA patients’ L incubated in a culture became later and less than in the donors. The delayed DNA fragmentation did not depend on the Mn2+-DNAase activity. Spontaneous and induced reduction in the MP and increase in the PS expression were the earliest apoptosis markers which inversely interrelated and were observed even in optically intact cells. Changes of these parameters preceded the DNA fragmentation. There were no differences in the spontaneous changes of the MP and the PS levels between two study groups. Thus, the recognition of the apoptotic L in AA was not injured and a necessary factor for the apoptotic L elimination was their DNA fragmentation. The incubation of the donors’ and AA patients’ L with Ca2+ ionophore A23187 induced the similar changes of the MP and the PS expression and the DNA fragmentation. So, the spontaneous and induced types of apoptosis have common mechanisms and are initiated with mitochondria involvement. The lymphocyte mitochondria are thought to be a universal integrator of apoptotic stimuli and the réduction in the MP is the earliest characteristic of the apoptosis inducing the following apoptotic features.В настоящей работе представлены результаты исследования механизмов спонтанного и индуцированного апоптоза лимфоцитов (Лф) периферической крови доноров и больных атопической бронхиальной астмой (АБА). Апоптоз оценивали в динамике по ряду параметров: изменению митохондриального потенциала (МП), уровня экспрессии фосфатидилсерина (ФС), параметров прямого и бокового светорассеивания, а также фрагментации ДНК методом проточной цитофлюорометрии. Показано, что в Лф больных АБА, инкубированных в среде, фрагментация ДНК наступает гораздо позднее и в меньшей степени по сравнению с Лф доноров. Отсроченная фрагментация ДНК в Лф больных АБА не обусловлена снижением активности Мп2+-зависимых эндонуклеаз. Спонтанное и индуцированное различными факторами снижение МП Лф и появление ФС на их поверхности являются ранними признаками апоптоза, находятся в обратной зависимости друг от друга и наблюдаются даже среди клеток с неизмененными показателями светорассеивания. Изменение данных показателей предшествует фрагментации ДНК Лф. Различий в спонтанном изменении величины МП и экспрессии ФС между двумя исследуемыми группами лиц не выявлено. Это свидетельствует о том, что распознавание Лф, подвергающихся апоптозу при АБА, может быть не нарушено, а фактором, необходимым для элиминации апоптотирующих Лф, является фрагментация их ДНК. Инкубация Лф доноров и больных АБА с ионофором Са2+ А23187 индуцирует в той же последовательности аналогичные изменения МП, экспрессию ФС и фрагментацию ДНК. Таким образом, можно утверждать, что спонтанный и индуцированный ионофором Са2+ апоптоз Лф имеет общие пути развития и начинается с вовлечения в данный процесс митохондрий. Следовательно, митохондрии Лф могут являться интегратором апоптогенных стимулов, а снижение величины их МП является самым ранним признаком апоптоза и индуцирует последующие проявления апоптоза

Short-term results after reconstructive operations for colorectal cancer

The purpose of the work is to improve results of one-stage colon reconstruction for colorectal cancer. Methods: the retrospective analysis results of surgical rehabilitation of 825 patients. Results: Organize the surgical and urgent oncoproctologic service with usage improved technology allowed to lower abdominal complications to 6,8% among 585 patients of first (base) group in comparison 32% among 240 patients of control group. Leakage of colon anastomosis in patients of first group were 2,4% and 10,4% - in second (control) group. Post-operative mortality, caused by surgical complications, decrease for last ten years from 6,5 to 1,7%.Цель работы: улучшение непосредственных результатов операций с одномоментным выполнением толстокишечных анастомозов при колоректальном раке и его осложнениях путем применения современных медицинских технологий в условиях специализированного центра. Основные методы: проведен ретроспективный сравнительный анализ двадцатилетнего опыта областного колопроктологического центра по хирургической реабилитации 825 больных колоректальным раком с одномоментным толстокишечным анастомозом. Первую (контрольную) группу составили 240 больных, оперированных в период становления в клинике колопроктологической службы. Во вторую (основную) группу вошли 585 больных с внедрением за последнее десятилетие ряда усовершенствованных технологий и экстренной онкоколопроктологической помощи. Результаты: резектабельность опухоли в основной группе повысилась на 18,9%, а число абдоминальных осложнений в основной группе снизилось до 6,8% по сравнению с 32% в группе сравнения. Несостоятельность швов толстокишечных анастомозов в основной группе составила 2,4%, в группе сравнения -10,4% . Послеоперационная летальность, связанная с хирургическими осложнениями, снизилась за десятилетие с 6,5 до 1,7%

Распространенность носительства антител к Chlamydia Pneumoniae и Mycoplasma Pneumoniae среди больных бронхиальной астмой

The aim of this study was to search a level of antibodies against Chlamydia pneumoniae (Cp) and Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mp) in patients with stable bronchial asthma (BA). Sixty five BA patients were examined. Anti-Ср antibodies were found using the indirect immunofluorescent reaction, anti-Mp antibodies were revealed using the indirect immune enzyme assay. The diagnostic titers of anti-Cp antibodies were detected in 23 patients and of anti-Mp antibodies in 25 of 65 patients (38%). It was important that 6 of them (9.2%) had the anti-Cp antibodies as well. Due to this fact all the patients were divided in 2 groups: serologi­cally positive and serologically negative. Differences were displayed in history and laboratory data, comorbidi­ty and treatment. The results provide the necessity of further investigations in this field.Целью этого этапа работы явилось изучение уровня антител к Chlamydia pneumoniae (Ср) и Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mp) у больных бронхиальной астмой (БА) в фазе клинической ремиссии. Обследовано 65 пациентов с БА. Для выявления антител к Ср применяли реакцию непрямой иммунофлуоресценции, к Мр — метод непрямого иммуноферментного анализа. В диагностическом титре антитела к Ср были обнаружены у 23 пациентов, а к Мр — у 25 (38%) пациентов из 65. Следует отметить, что у 6 из них (9,2%) также определялись антитела и к Ср. В связи с этим больные были разделены на 2 группы: серопозитивную и серонегативную. Были выявлены различия по некоторым анамнестическим и лабораторным данным, сопутствующей соматической патологии и примененному лечебному комплексу. Полученные данные предполагают актуальность продолжения исследований в данном направлении

Study of dry pellets of blood plasma using THz spectroscopy

This work is devoted to the development of a suitable phantom of a biological object for measurements in the THz frequency range and for approbation with various diagnostic methods developed in different THz laboratories. The phantoms were represented as a pellet of human and a laboratory rat blood plasma in the diabetic and the control groups. These objects were analyzed in various laboratories, using THz pulsed spectroscopy and a high-resolution THz spectrometer based on a backward wave oscillator. The components of the dry blood plasma were identified by the detected spectral lines