COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MARKERS EFFICIENCY OF VISCERAL OBESITY DETECTION IN MEN WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME

The purpose of the study was to carry out comparative and quantitative assessment of surrogate markers of visceral obesity and their connection with the severity of clinical, biochemical and hormonal disorders in men with the metabolic syndrome and obesity. Material and methods. 136 men, aged from 23 to 68 years, who were patients of therapeutic clinic were observed. Clinical, anthropometric, biochemical and hormonal screening was taken. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed in all patients. Criteria of international experts’ consensus in the fields of cardiology and endocrinology (2009) were used to identify metabolic syndrome. Results and discussion. It was shown that among the all surrogate markers of visceral obesity (waist circumference; waist circumference measured in the lying position; waist circumference measured without the thickness of the subcutaneous tissue; the ratio of waist circumference to the circumference of the hips; sagittal abdominal diameter; thickness of epicardial adipose tissue) the largest number of statistically significant correlations with the clinical-biochemical, hormonal and adipokine characteristics of men was found for the waist circumference, measured in the lying position, and the waist circumference, measured without the thickness of the subcutaneous tissue. Intermediate position among the estimated markers was taken by a waist circumference measured in a standing position. Fewer number of correlation connections were revealed for thickness of the epicardial fat, sagittal abdominal diameter and the ratio of waist circumference to the circumference of the hips. Conclusion. The received results demonstrate objectivity of the selection of the surrogate markers of the severity of visceral obesity reviewed in the study, among which the waist circumference measured in the lying position had the greatest efficiency

The features of psychological state, eating behavior, hormonal and adipokine regulation of metabolism in men with subcutaneous and abdominal fat distribution

BACKGROUND: development of obesity and obesity related conditions are directly associated with eating disorders and psychological state. There is increasing focus on the assessment the characteristics of these indicators in men with subcutaneous and central fat distribution, which are associated with various hormonal and adipokine mechanisms that effect on parameters of metabolism and eating behavior. AIMS: to study the characteristics of the psychologycal state, eating behavior and their relationship with hormonal and adipokine status in men with different fat distribution. MATERIALS AND METHODS: a single-center, cross-sectional study of 99 men aged 27 to 68 years was performed. 4 groups of men were formed after anthropometric examination. Group 1 (comparison) consisted of men with normal body weight. Group 2 consisted of overweight men, class I obesity and lower subcutaneous fat distribution (SFD). Group 3 consisted of overweight men, men with class I obesity and abdominal fat distribution (AFD); group 4 - men with class II obesity and class III obesity AFD. Eating behavior were determined with DEBQ questionnaire, severity of anxiety-depressive disorders were investigated with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; body image satisfaction was assessed with body image questionnaire. Serum glucose, triglycerides, insulin, leptin and adiponectin were estimated. RESULTS: it was shown, that men with AFD had severe metabolic disorders: hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, hyperleptinemia and hypoadiponectinemia, than men with SFD. Men with AFD had an external type of eating behavior, with sever expressed depressive disorders and body image dissatisfaction. Men with SFD had an emotional type of eating behavior and higher body image satisfaction. A comparative analysis between men from 3 and 4 groups with AFD showed that in group 4 in men had higher hyperleptinemia and insulin resistance and there are no differences in severity of eating disorders, anxiety and depression between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: adipose tissue topography is associated with the psychophysiological, metabolic, hormonal and adipokine characteristics that underlie the development of primary obesity in men

ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЯ ОСТРЫХ КИШЕЧНЫХ ИНФЕКЦИЙ У НОВОРОЖДЕННЫХ

This article presents a retrospective analysis of the incidence of acute intestinal infections of newborns in 2006—2012 years. The analysis has revealed increased morbidity, the leading etiological role of rota-and noroviruses alongside with opportunistic pathogens, and absence of a clear seasonality. В статье представлены данные ретроспективного анализа заболеваемости острыми кишечными инфекциями новорожденных за 2006—2012 гг. Установлен рост заболеваемости, ведущая этиологическая роль ротаи норовирусов, также условно-патогенных микроорганизмов, отсутствие четкой сезонности.

ASSESSMENT OF HEART RATE VARIABILITY IN INTERRELATIONSHIP WITH EATING BEHAVIOR DISORDERS IN WOMEN WITH DIFFERENT TYPE OF OBESITY AND TYPE 2 DIABETES

Objective: to research features of vegetative regulation and their relation to eating behavior in women with different types of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Methods. 106 women were examined; survey of women included anthropometric measurements, study and calculation of heart rate variability were performed with “VNS-micro” (Neurosoft, Russia); recording of food consumption in 24hs were assessed. The types of eating disorders (ED) were detected with DEBQ. Results and discussion. Adipose tissue topography (ATT) among women is associated with vegetative regulation, as well with ED. So, the spectrum of both high-frequency (HF) and low-frequency (LF) oscillations are increased in women with gynoid type of ATT. Conversely, android type of ATT is characterized by overall decline of LF and HF oscillations with residual dominance of the sympathetic part. An increase in the relative contribution to the total power of the very low-frequency (VLF) spectrum among women has been revealed. Emotional and compulsive eating behavior disorders were prevalent in women with gynoid type of ATT, external type of ED prevailed among women with android type of ATT. Women with android type of ATT and type 2 diabetes had minimal severity of eating behavior disorders. The increase in activity of the sympathetic and parasympathetic parts of the autonomic nervous system in women with gynoid type of ATT was combined with sympathoadrenal and vagoinsular reactions, which is confirmed by a positive correlation of emotional ED with HF and LF, and there was a negative correlation of restrictive ED with LF. A negative correlation of emotional ED with VLF among women with android type ATT was detected. There are no correlation of ED indices and activity of the autonomic nervous system among women with android type of ATT and type 2 diabetes. It can be associated with manifestations of diabetic vegetative neuropathy

EPIDEMIOLOGY OF ACUTE INTESTINAL INFECTIONS IN NEWBORNS

This article presents a retrospective analysis of the incidence of acute intestinal infections of newborns in 2006—2012 years. The analysis has revealed increased morbidity, the leading etiological role of rota-and noroviruses alongside with opportunistic pathogens, and absence of a clear seasonality

14C Chronology of Late Pleistocene-Holocene Events in the Nizhnee Priamurie (Southeast Russia)

The Russian Far East is characterized by widespread peat bogs with a sufficiently thick peat accumulation. A series of radiocarbon dates from the studied peat bogs (in Lower Amur) were obtained. Analysis of these dates shows that the total peat formation in this territory began in the Late Pleistocene-Holocene (11,830 +/820, TIG-157; 9975 +/120, SOAN-4025). The rates of peat accumulation and the humidity index were counted. In addition, the botanical composition and degree of peat decomposition were defined. These data allow to study in more detail climate fluctuation and the 14C chronology of Holocene events in the region studied.The Radiocarbon archives are made available by Radiocarbon and the University of Arizona Libraries. Contact [email protected] for further information.Migrated from OJS platform February 202

PRINCIPLES AND METHODS OF WHEAT BREEDING ON TOLERANCE TO DISEASES IN KRIA NAMED AFTER P.P. LUKIYANENKO

The article deals with the principles, methods and study results of the development of winter wheat varieties, tolerant to the widely spread and harmful diseases. The article gives the characteristics of phytosanitary risks dangerous for the gross yields of wheat. The main trends of the breeding-immunological researches in the institute, materials and methods which are used in wheat breeding for their immunity have been presented here. The results of the complex immunological assessment of winter wheat varieties tolerant to leaf rust are discussed in the article. The molecular screening showed that the winter wheat varieties, developed in the institute, possessed different types of tolerance genetically determined by the nature. It was established that the commercial varieties possessed poorly effective genes of tolerance Lr1, Lr10, Lr26, Lr34 and their various combinations or ‘pyramids’. The article presents the classification of the varieties according to the degree of their infection with leaf rust that is of great importance for the breeding and the conducting of genetic monitoring of disease resistance, to optimize phytosanitary state in the wheat agro phytocenosis. It has been determined that the most efficient method to create the varieties tolerant to head fusarium is a complex hybridization, intended on the pyramiding of the genes with specific and unspecific resistance. The important thing of the breeding work is to carry out multiple selections in the hybrid populations, starting with F2 under artificial infection. Using such methods the new variety ‘Urup’ has been obtained and approved for use in the production