Intellectual price-dependent cost management of electricity consumption of industrial enterprises

The article is devoted to the problems of price-dependent management of energy consumed by industrial enterprises which are involved in purchasing energy in the wholesale and retail energy markets. On the basis of analysis of functioning of enterprises in the conditions of innovative development of the economy, the author substantiates new requirements and principles of energy management in industrial enterprises. Based on the proposed principles, the author proposes an intellectual price-dependent approach to cost management of electricity consumption of industrial enterprises. A distinctive feature of the proposed approach is its intellectual foundation and focus on the reduction of the cost of electricity consumption for all three components of the cost of electricity (cost of electricity, cost of capacity, cost of transmission services). The article provides an analysis of forming the mandatory value to be paid with regard to each component of the cost of energy. Ways and time intervals for managing demand for electric power have been identified in order to minimize the mandatory value to be paid energy. In addition, the article provides a description of the developed elements of the information support of the process of application of the developed intellectual price-dependent approach to cost management of electricity consumption. The trial application of the proposed approach confirms the existence of substantial reserves of the reduction of the cost of electricity consumption when using price-dependent management approach. An advantage of the developed approach is the possibility of its phased implementation in business, starting with one or two facilities consuming electricity and on to complex implementation. The results of the study have scientific and practical significance and can be used when performing everyday purchases of electricity by industrial enterprises regardless of their size and activity.Статья посвящена вопросам ценозависимого управления электропотреблением промышленных предприятий, осуществляющих покупку электроэнергии в рамках оптового и розничного рынков электроэнергии. На основе проведенного анализа особенностей функционирования предприятий в условиях инновационного вектора развития экономики автором обоснованы новые требования и принципы управления энергозатратами на промышленных предприятиях. Опираясь на разработанные принципы, предложен и описан подход интеллектуального ценозависимого управления затратами на электропотрбеление на промышленных предприятиях. Отличительной особенностью предлагаемого подхода является его интеллектуальная основа и направленность на снижение затрат на электропотребление по всем трем компонентам стоимости электроэнергии (стоимость электроэнергии, стоимость электрической мощности, стоимость услуг по передаче). В статье проведен анализ формирования величины обязательств по оплате каждого компонента стоимости электрической энергии и определены направления и часовые диапазоны управления величиной спроса на электропотребление с целью минимизации величины затрат на оплату. Кроме того, в статье приведено описание разработанных элементов информационного обеспечения процесса применения разработанного интеллектуального ценозависимого подхода к управлению затратами на электропотребление. Проведенная автором апробация позволяет констатировать существенные резервы снижения затрат на электропотребление для промышленных предприятий при использовании предложенного подхода. Преимуществом разработанного подхода является возможность его поэтапного внедрения в деятельность предприятия, начиная с одного двух электропотребляющих объектов и заканчивая комплексным внедрением. Результаты исследования имеют научную и практическую значимость и могут быть использованы в повседневной деятельности по покупке электроэнергии промышленными предприятиями вне зависимости от их масштаба и вида деятельности

Effect of composition of fuel pellets on their quality parameters

The present researches are aimed at studying the influence of composite pellets on their quality measures. To obtain experimental samples of pellets, we used the main tree species of wood, that is pine, alder and birch. Found that the pellets produced from hardwood inferior in mechanical strength of the pellets obtained from pine. Technological solution to this problem was to establish the optimal composition of the fuel pellets and chemical activation of hardwoods. The highest strength pellets are achieved with the use of starch. The laboratory results were tested in industrial applications through the issuance of an experimental batch of fuel pellets

Development of composition of pellet on the basis wood biomass from logging waste

The real researches are directed on study of influence of waste of logging in compositions pellt on their main figures of merit. Woody biomass feedstock was to obtain experimental samples of pellets sawdust, pine needles and bark. Complex and contradictory nature of the influence of each component of woody biomass was studied on a set of properties of pellets. Found that the optimum content of the investigated components in the composition is sawdust – 70%, needles – 5% and bark – 25%. In this case the best combination of values of quality pellets obtained: density – 1.49 g / cm 3 , ash content 0.42%, and the mechanical strength – 6.5 MPa. Release on the results of studies conducted an experimental batch of pellets

Search for the gamma-ray fluxes with energies above 10915) eV from various objects

Considerable interest has developed in the search for local sources of superhigh-energy gamma-rays. The experimental data obtained with the extensive air showers (EAS) array of the Moscow State University are analyzed with a view to searching for the superhigh-energy gamma-rays from various objects and regions of the Galaxy

Практические аспекты оценки и анализа инновационного развития регионов

Дата поступления 15 января 2019 г.; дата принятия к печати 4 апреля 2019 г.Received January 15, 2019; accepted April 4, 2019.Innovative development of territories is strategically important for the prosperity of any country. This article aims at describing original methodology for comprehensive assessment of innovative development of Russian regions. The proposed model takes into account specific features of innovative activity of regions and identifies growth potential and resources of territories, taking into account not only the innovation environment, but also areas of innovative activity. The study relies on the statistical data provided by the Central Statistical Database and the Unified Interdepartmental Information and Statistical System. In the course of processing and analyzing data, the index method, the multidimensional average method, factor-index analysis and other statistical data processing methods are used. The research involves ranking Russian regions according to their levels of innovative development and further dividing them into groups of powerful, strong, medium and weak innovators. We also analyzed the dynamics of innovation in the regions by looking at the changes in their ranking positions. The research findings brought to light the uneven development of Russian regions. The proposed assessment toolkit can be further used for drawing individual profiles for regions and formulating recommendations and guidelines for these regions’ development by taking into consideration their strengths and weaknesses. The results of this study have theoretical and practical significance and can be used as a tool for management of innovative activities both at the level of individual territories and at the national level.Инновационное развитие территорий является стратегически важным для процветания любой страны. Целью данной статьи является описание оригинальной методики комплексной оценки инновационного развития российских регионов. Предложенная модель учитывает особенности инновационной активности регионов и определяет потенциал роста и ресурсы территорий с учетом не только инновационной среды, но и направлений инновационной деятельности. Исследование опирается на статистические данные, предоставленные Центральной статистической базой данных и Единой межведомственной информационно-статистической системой. В процессе обработки и анализа данных используются индексный метод, метод многомерного среднего, факторный индексный анализ и другие статистические методы обработки данных. Исследование включает в себя ранжирование российских регионов по уровням инновационного развития и дальнейшее разделение их на группы наиболее сильных, сильных, средних и слабых новаторов. Мы также проанализировали динамику инноваций в регионах, посмотрев на изменения их рейтинговых позиций. Результаты исследования выявили неравномерность развития российских регионов. Предлагаемый инструментарий оценки может быть далее использован для составления отдельных профилей для регионов и разработки рекомендаций и руководящих принципов для развития этих регионов с учетом их сильных и слабых сторон. Результаты данного исследования имеют теоретическое и практическое значение и могут быть использованы в качестве инструмента управления инновационной деятельностью как на уровне отдельных территорий, так и на национальном уровне

Modification of wood byglutinous compounds in productions fuel pellets

These present researches are aimed at establishing the expediency of using modification of wood in the production of fuel pellets. The results of tests of pellets samples of the modified wood showed that in general use as a modifying agent protein adhesive ismore effective than the use of starch pastes. The best values of the physico-mechanical properties were obtained for pellets samples of wood modified by gelatin and albumin at a rate of 0.5%

Technology features of fuel pellets from deciduous wood

The present researches are aimed at studying the physical and mechanical properties of pellets produced from hardwood. For the experiment black alder and birch widespread on the territory of the Republic of Belarus hardwood timber has been chosen. It is stated that the use of wood in an unaltered form is impractical because the pellets derived from them have a low mechanical strength. The technological solution of this problem was the treatment of crushed wood raw material by saturated steam. The results of industrial tests confirmed that wood particles activation of hardwood fuel pellets gives the required quality standard. Technical feature of the technology is the use of a matrix with the length of the pressing channel 33 mm

Improving the Efficiency of Using Smalldistributed Generation Systems through Mechanisms of Demand Management for Electricity and Gas

The article is devoted to the development of a model and a set of methods for improving the efficiency of using small-distributed generation systems. The basis of the developed model is the integration of methods of price-dependent demand management for electricity and natural gas with a system of small-distributed power generation. The developed management model allows electricity consumers to reduce the cost of purchasing energy resources in comparison with the cost of electricity supplied from energy companies, based on the analysis of price indicators for the supply of electricity from regional energy markets and the terms of natural gas supply. The article presents the results of the pricing principles analysis for all components of the electricity and natural gas cost. The possibility of complex price-dependent demand management for the consumption of electric power is demonstrated through the management of electricity generation schedules by a small-generation system and schedules of gas consumption spent on electricity generation by a system of small-distributed generation. The complex of methods of price-dependent power consumption developed by the authors, taking into account the use of the system of small-distributed generation, can be adapted to the use by various types of electricity consumers that purchase electricity in the energy markets of various countries of the world.The work was supported by Act 211 Government of the Russian Federation, contract No 02.A03.21.0011

Influence of the substrate-induced strain and irradiation disorder on the Peierls transition in TTF-TCNQ microdomains

The influence of the combined effects of substrate-induced strain, finite size and electron irradiation-induced defects have been studied on individual micron-sized domains of the organic charge transfer compound tetrathiafulvalene-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TTF-TCNQ) by temperature-dependent conductivity and current-voltage measurements. The individual domains have been isolated by focused ion beam etching and electrically contacted by focused ion and electron beam induced deposition of metallic contacts. The temperature-dependent conductivity follows a variable range hopping behavior which shows a crossover of the exponent as the Peierls transition is approached. The low temperature behavior is analyzed within the segmented rod model of Fogler, Teber and Shklowskii, as originally developed for a charge-ordered quasi one-dimensional electron crystal. The results are compared with data obtained on as-grown and electron irradiated epitaxial TTF-TCNQ thin films of the two-domain type