76 research outputs found
Agreements in criminal processes: problems of application and development
In this paper, institutions of agreements (mediation) in criminal proceedings in various states were investigated regarding the history of their occurrence and development. The aspects under the study included features related to the use of institutions of agreement in individual countries (USA, Canada, Germany, Russia, Moldova, etc.); the regulatory framework of these countries, statistics on the use of institutions of agreements (mediation), as well as programs used as mediatio
Magnetoresistance in semiconductor structures with hopping conductivity: effects of random potential and generalization for the case of acceptor states
We reconsider the theory of magnetoresistance in hopping semiconductors.
First, we have shown that the random potential of the background impurities
affects significantly preexponential factor of the tunneling amplitude which
becomes to be a short-range one in contrast to the long-range one for purely
Coulomb hopping centers. This factor to some extent suppresses the negative
interference magnetoresistance and can lead to its decrease with temperature
decrease which is in agreement with earlier experimental observations. We have
also extended the theoretical models of positive spin magnetoresistance, in
particular, related to a presence of doubly occupied states (corresponding to
the upper Hubbard band) to the case of acceptor states in 2D structures. We
have shown that this mechanism can dominate over classical wave-shrinkage
magnetoresistance at low temperatures. Our results are in semi-quantitative
agreement with experimental data.Comment: 19 pages, 3 figure
Interference mechanism of magnetoresistance in variable range hopping conduction: the effect of paramagnetic electron spins and continuous spectrum of scatterer energies
Despite the fact that the problem of interference mechanism of
magnetoresistance in semiconductors with hopping conductivity was widely
discussed, most of existing studies were focused on the model of spinless
electrons. This model can be justified only when all electron spins are frozen.
However there is always an admixture of free spins in the semiconductor.
This study presents the theory of interference contribution to
magnetoresistance that explicitly includes effects of both frozen and free
electron spins. We consider the cases of small and large number of scatterers
in the hopping event. For the case of large number of scatterers the approach
is used that takes into account the dispersion of the scatterer energies. We
compare our results with existing experimental data.Comment: 31 pages, 11 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev.
D* Production in Deep Inelastic Scattering at HERA
This paper presents measurements of D^{*\pm} production in deep inelastic
scattering from collisions between 27.5 GeV positrons and 820 GeV protons. The
data have been taken with the ZEUS detector at HERA. The decay channel
(+ c.c.) has been used in the study. The
cross section for inclusive D^{*\pm} production with
and is 5.3 \pms 1.0 \pms 0.8 nb in the kinematic region
{ GeV and }. Differential cross
sections as functions of p_T(D^{*\pm}), and are
compared with next-to-leading order QCD calculations based on the photon-gluon
fusion production mechanism. After an extrapolation of the cross section to the
full kinematic region in p_T(D^{*\pm}) and (D^{*\pm}), the charm
contribution to the proton structure function is
determined for Bjorken between 2 10 and 5 10.Comment: 17 pages including 4 figure
To automate or not to automate: this is the question
New protocols and instrumentation significantly boost the outcome of structural biology, which has resulted in significant growth in the number of deposited Protein Data Bank structures. However, even an enormous increase of the productivity of a single step of the structure determination process may not significantly shorten the time between clone and deposition or publication. For example, in a medium size laboratory equipped with the LabDB and HKL-3000 systems, we show that automation of some (and integration of all) steps of the X-ray structure determination pathway is critical for laboratory productivity. Moreover, we show that the lag period after which the impact of a technology change is observed is longer than expected
Donald Trump’s anti-Iranian Strategy
Against the background of the coupling of a number of crisis in the Middle East and the Persian Gulf (Syria, Yemen, Iran) the Donald Trump administration is elaborating its basic strategy toward those conflicts and toward the region as a whole. The centerpiece of the strategy is the task to counter Iran, foremost its nuclear program. From now on the American approaches to other regional crises are determined by this Anti-Iranian logic. It might mean in particular that the developments in Syria are being perceived in Washington primarily in context of the growing US confrontation with Iran. And only in the second turn – in context of seeking solution in Syria and for Syria itself.The New American strategy toward Iran came across open misunderstanding on the side of the Washington’s partners in Europe who launched a campaign with the aim to resist the Trump’s line as well as to keep on the world community’s deal with Iran concluded in the year 2015 (JCPOA) which bears on restricting the size of the Iranian nuclear program versus gradual lifting of international sanctions from Iran. With intent to minimize the damage from Trump’s withdrawal from the deal for the European companies in Iran the EU applied two defensive tools in the financial domain – The Blocking Statute and The Special Purpose Vehicle pertaining to secure the financial transactions with Tehran. Such a clear EU’s withstanding with the USA can hardly prove effective taking into account that the Washington’s stake on countering Iran seems to let Trump’s team to achieve many of the declared objectives in the Middle East. Among them – to mobilize the Sunni community in the region, to make it get closer to Israel and finally to reestablish the military dominance in the Persian Gulf with ability to control the oil export’s roots there
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