STUDY OF COMPOSITION OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS OF HERBAL REPERTORY “EUPHRASIN” BY HPLC METHOD

The study refers to the research of phenolic compounds of herbal repertory "Euphrasin". This research was done with the HPLC method and was studied with "G1LSTON" instrument. 17 peak identities were monitored in alcohol extracts of herbal repertory "Euphrasin". Compared with reliable samples 15 compounds that belong to the group of flavonoids, phenolcarbonic acids and tannins were identified. Hyperoside (6,91 %), gallic acid (25,88 %) and tannin (17,07 %) are dominant components

Accumulation dynamics of phenolic compounds in the aboveground organs of Euphrasia pectinata Ten., growing in the Central Siberia

A plant of the Euphrasia L. genus is promising to be introduced into medical practice and being used in traditional medicine for eye, gastrointestinal tract, upper respiratory tract disease treatment. Euphrasia pectinata Ten is widespread and growing abundantly in the Central Siberia. Study of the composition and quantitative content of phenolic compounds of Euphrasia pectinata Ten. growing in Irkutsk Region was studied by HpLC method. Organ-specific distribution and dynamics of accumulation depending on the phase of vegetation of 8 compounds (3-O-caffeoylquinic acid(chlorogenicacid), hyperozide, acteoside, cynaroside, diosmetin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide, dihydroquercetin, luteolin, quercetin) were studied. The maximum of flavonoid glycosides is accumulated in flowers and leaves, and the maximum of flavonoid aglycone is accumulated in stems. The maximum quantity of flavonoids in aboveground organs is observed in the flowering period, and maximum of phenylethanoid acteoside is observed in the fruiting period. Thus, as a medicinal plant, the materials can be recommended for harvesting of the aboveground organs E. pectinata during the flowering period

Etiology of influenza-like illnesses in the population of Novosibirsk city in the 2018–2019 epidemic season

Influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections lead to a substantial incidence of severe cases and hospitalizations and so remain a global health problem. Within the frame of the Global Influenza Hospital Surveillance Network (GIHSN), we assessed the contribution of influenza and other respiratory viruses to severe cases of influenzalike diseases in patients hospitalized to the Novosibirsk infectious hospitals in the years 2018–2019. We analyzed 484 nasopharyngeal swabs collected from patients admitted to the hospitals with acute respiratory infections (ARI) using real-time polymerase chain reaction commercial kits. We confirmed viral etiology of ARI in 69.8% cases. Influenza viruses were detected in 47.1% cases, wherein concomitant circulation of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H3N2) viruses was observed in 20.7% and 26% of patients, respectively, whereas influenza B virus was detected only in one sample. All analyzed influenza A viruses were antigenically similar to vaccine strains. Genetically, the Novosibirsk strains were closely related to influenza A viruses distributed in Russia and worldwide. Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus was detected in all patients aged 0 to 14 years and required intensive care. Other respiratory viruses were detected in 36.4% of children and 5.8% of adults, and 8.3% of children had viral coinfection, whereas no cases of coinfection were detected in adults. The most common viruses in children were metapneumovirus — 12.8%, rhinovirus — 9.3% and respiratory syncytial virus — 8.0%. In adults, metapneumovirus, adenovirus, parainfluenza virus and rhinovirus were detected with a detection rate no exceeding 2%. In this study, we found no differences in the detection rate of the influenza virus due to concomitant chronic diseases, pregnancy, or smoking habits. At the same time, the detection rate of other respiratory viruses in non-smokers vs. smokers was significantly lower than in smokers and former smokers (26.15%, 66.67% and 62.50%, respectively). In addition, the level of detection of respiratory viruses in children with vs. without chronic pathology was significantly higher (55.3% and 38.7%, respectively). Thus, our and similar studies are important for monitoring and control of the infection

Вариант вируса гриппа в, адаптированный к мышам, для изучения лечебной и профилактической эффективности противовирусных препаратов in vitro и in vivo

Objective: to develop a new antigenic relevance influenza B virus suitable for modeling influenza infection in mice to assess of in vivo and in vitro therapeutic and preventive efficacy of antiviral drugs.Materials and methods: was carried out an adaptation of influenza B virus in BALB/c mice. Was performed, comparative assessment of in vivo and in vitro pathogenicity of the parenta! virus and. adapted, influenza B virus. Was assessed, inhibition of neuraminidase with antiviral drugs (oseltamivir ethoxyacrylate and. Tamiflu) in relation to the adapted, influenza B virus.Results: adapted  influenza B virus (B/Novosibirsk/40/2017-MA strain) models non-lethal influenza infection with pronounced, clinical signs of the disease in experimental animals. Were described the destructive changes in lungs and. brain that increases during infection. Analysis of internal organs (lungs, brain, liver, heart, kidneys, spleen) were revealed viral load only in the lungs. Were evaluated, in vivo and in vitro efficacy of antiviral drugs (oseltamivir ethoxysuccinate and Tamiflu®) on the model of influenza infection. Were proved, the high, efficiency of the innovative drug — oseltamivir ethoxysuccinate.Conclusion: the antigen-relevant adapted, influenza B virus (B/Novosibirsk/40/2017-MA strain) can be used, to assess the drug effectiveness against influenza, as well as an additional tool for predicting the effectiveness of the vaccine against drifting strains.Цель: разработка нового, обладающего антигенной актуальностью, штамма вируса гриппа типа В, пригодного для моделирования гриппозной инфекции у экспериментальных мышей для оценки лечебной и профилактической эффективности противовирусных препаратов in vivo и in vitro.Mатериалы и методы: была проведена адаптация вируса гриппа В на мышах линии BALB/c. Выполнена сравнительная оценка патогенности родительского и адаптированного вариантов вируса гриппа В в экспериментах in vivo и in vitro. Используя адаптированный вариант вируса гриппа В, проведена оценка ингибирования нейраминидазы с помощью противовирусных лекарственных средств (осельтамивира этоксисукцинат, и Тамифлю®).Результаты: полученный адаптированный вариант, вируса гриппа В штамм. В/Novosibirsk/40/2017-MA моделирует у экспериментальных животных нелетальную гриппозную инфекцию с выраженными клиническими признаками заболевания. Описаны, деструктивные изменения в лёгких и головном, мозге, нарастающие в ходе инфекции. Вирусологический анализ внутренних органов (лёгкие, головной мозг, печень, сердце, почки, селезёнка) выявил репликацию вируса гриппа только в лёгких. На данной модели гриппозной инфекции проведена оценка эффективности противовирусных лекарственных средств (осель-тамивира этоксисукцинат, и Тамифлю®) in vivo и in vitro. Доказана высокая эффективность инновационного лекарственного средства осельтамивира этоксисукцинат..Заключение: полученный антигенно актуальный вирус гриппа В штамм В/Novosibirsk/40/2017-MA может, быть использован, для оценки эффективности противогриппозных препаратов, а также в качестве дополнительного инструмента прогнозирования эффективности вакцины, против дрейфующих штаммов

Considering Soil Potassium Pools with Dissimilar Plant Availability

Soil potassium (K) has traditionally been portrayed as residing in four functional pools: solution K, exchangeable K, interlayer (sometimes referred to as “fixed” or “nonexchangeable”) K, and structural K in primary minerals. However, this four-pool model and associated terminology have created confusion in understanding the dynamics of K supply to plants and the fate of K returned to the soil in fertilizers, residues, or waste products. This chapter presents an alternative framework to depict soil K pools. The framework distinguishes between micas and feldspars as K-bearing primary minerals, based on the presence of K in interlayer positions or three-dimensional framework structures, respectively; identifies a pool of K in neoformed secondary minerals that can include fertilizer reaction products; and replaces the “exchangeable” K pool with a pool defined as “surface-adsorbed” K, identifying where the K is located and the mechanism by which it is held rather than identification based on particular soil testing procedures. In this chapter, we discuss these K pools and their behavior in relation to plant K acquisition and soil K dynamics

Тhe study of electronic generation effect on statical aperiodic stability of electrical power system

One of the key aspects in the development of power engineering all over the world is the use of distributed small-scale generation. This is both based on fuel carbon resources with a synchronized connection between sources when they are connected to the electric power grids and renewable energy sources operated in the electrical grid via frequency converters (electronic generation). The latter brings an inevitable broad use of inverters in available AC power systems. The objectives of this paper are numerous. First is the desire to study the effect of electronic generation on modes and stability of current electrical grids and electrical power systems. Another objective is to establish requirements for electronic generation control that lets us minimize actions on relay protection coordination and automation upon the integration of electronic generation in power grids. A final objective is to increase the reliability of general electrical modes. This article shows the outcomes of the study on the statical aperiodic stability of the electrical power system upon the integration of electronic generation, requirements for its statical characteristics, and the control when operated within the electrical power system

The influence of Fe, Cu, Al-doping on the crystal structure, thermal and electrical properties of calcium titanate

CaTi(1-x)M(x)O(3-delta) (M=Fe, Al, Cu) samples were synthesized by the standard ceramic technology. The stability areas and the crystal structure of the solid solutions were determined by the X-ray Diffraction technique. CaTi(1-x)Fe(x)O(3-delta) system in the interval from 0 up to 0.5 had a perovskite-like homogeneous phase. In CaTi(1-x)Al(x)O(3-delta) system in the range of 0 0.15) other phases were observed. Unit cell parameters were defined by Rietveld method. Additionally, the electrical and thermal properties of the single phase compounds were investigated. It was concluded that all of the compounds are semiconductors with different main types of charge carriers, depending on the partial pressure field. Usually they present p-type conductivity in the high oxygen pressure region, ionic conductivity in middle pressures and n-type in the low oxygen pressure field, Finally, the thermal expansion coefficients of the samples in different temperature regions were determined. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Synthesis and electrophysical properties of (1-x)Ce0.8Gd0.2O2-delta+xTiO(2) (x=0-0.06) solid-state solutions

In the present work the electrical properties of (1-x)Ce0.8Gd0.2O2-delta+xTiO(2) (x=0-0.06) synthesized by the standard ceramic technology were investigated, in a wide range of oxygen partial pressures (0.21-10(-20)atm at 900 degrees C) and temperatures (600-900 degrees C), both in air and H-2+3%H2O atmosphere. It was found, that only the introduction of above 1 mol% TiO2 decreases the sintering temperature of Ce0.8Gd0.2O2-delta. The values of total electrical conductivity do not change significantly with the content of the sintering aid up to 3 mol%, while the activation energy of total conductivity in air decreases considerably with the introduction of TiO2 into Ce0.8Gd0.2O2-delta from 87 to 67 kJ/mol; however, it is independent of x up to 0.03. The dependence of the total conductivity on the oxygen partial pressure is characterized by three regions. In the intermediate region (10(-10)-10(-14)) the conductivity behavior is described according to the oxygen vacancy model. The n-type conductivity region curve of Ce0.8Gd0.2O2-delta is fitted to a -1/5 slope. The increase of TiO2 content leads to the slope increase at -1/6, -1/8 and -1/9 for 1, 2 and 3 mol% TiO2, respectively, due to the trapping of electrons by Ti4+. 1 mol% doping increases the electrolytic region of Ce0.8Gd0.2O2-delta from 10(-10) to 10(-13)atm Finally, the optimal content of TiO2 from the viewpoint of sintering and electrical properties was found to be 2 mol%. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Hydrogen production aided solid oxide electrochemical reformer fed with octane: A theoretical analysis

In the present work the possibility of pure hydrogen production by a solid oxide electrochemical reformer (SOER) is examined. Initial reagents are water steam, flowing into the cathode channel and octane flowing into the anode channel. Three modes of reforming are considered: (i) steam reforming (SR-mode), (ii) preliminary octane partial oxidation (PO-mode) and (iii) preliminary octane reforming by exhaust anode gas recycling (EAGR-mode). A parametric analysis is carried out that can be easily applied for various hydrocarbons. It was found that the electromotive force (EMF) value depends mainly on the ratio of steam moles' number supplied to the cathode space to the number of hydrogen output moles (k-parameter). It was also found that EMF increases with k increase, while is weakly affected from the temperature and the heat losses amount. Moreover, the EMF average value under the PO-mode is lower than that under the SR-mode. Finally, it is shown that the SOER optimum characteristics can be reached under the EAGR-mode, since it provides the most favorable combination of the reforming efficiency and the rate of the electrochemical process. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved