Diagnostic Mistakes as Regards Chronic Form of Brucellosis

Analyzed were case records of patients with chronic brucellosis for the period of 1994-2009. Presented are the examples from the disease anamnesis of the patients examined in the infectious unit of Krasnoyarsk municipal hospital, with diagnosis of brucellosis established not in time. The reasons of diagnostic mistakes in various forms of brucellosis are considered

Long wave propagation, shoaling and run-up in nearshore areas

This paper discusses the possibility to study propagation, shoaling and run-up of these waves over a slope in a 300-meter long large wave flume (GWK), Hannover. For this purpose long bell-shaped solitary waves (elongated solitons) of different amplitude and the same period of 30 s are generated. Experimental data of long wave propagation in the flume are compared with numerical simulations performed within the fully nonlinear potential flow theory and KdV equations. Shoaling and run-up of waves on different mild slopes is studied hypothetically using nonlinear shallow water theory. Conclusions about the feasibility of using large scale experimental facility (GWK) to study tsunami wave propagation and run-up are made.Alexander von Humboldt foundationRFBR/14-02-00983RFBR/14-05-0009

Foundation of psychological support in the emotional experience of professional identity crisis by teachers

The background of the researched problem is determined by the psychological and pedagogical science’s and practice’s need to supplement the ideas about teachers’ professional development and about the course of their getting through the emotional experience due to difficulties of this process; as a result, it is necessary to study psychological foundations of building of psychological support programs in the process of school teachers’ getting through a professional crisis under conditions of permanent changes in the educational system. The main approach to studying this problem is the interview and phenomenological method that allows to identify and justify psychological basis of building of teacher support programs. The theoretical analysis allows to identify the nature of the support process, its goals and objectives, and to justify the methodological basis of the support program realization. The empiric results demonstrated that the process of teachers getting through the professional identity crisis goes hand in hand with the value-semantic transformation of a person and with “launching” of reflexive processes which, in turn, justifies resorting to them as to the psychological basis of building of teacher support programs. The research results expand the understanding of the nature of professional identity crisis phenomenon, the process of coming through it and supplement the data of the basis of building of teacher support programs. © 2018 by the authors

Specifics of defense and coping behavior among teachers experiencing a professional identity crisis

The issues addressed in the article are of particular relevance due to the necessity to provide research background for creating the system of psychological and pedagogical support for the professional development of teachers in the conditions of permanent changes in the system of education. The aim of the article is to describe specific interrelations between the reflection and the parameters of the teacher's axiological sphere (in particular, life-purpose orientations). The following research methods were used: theoretical analysis of psycholog-ical and educational literature, phenomenological method, questionnaires, and methods of mathematical and statistical data processing (descriptive statistics, comparative analysis (the Mann-Whitney U test). The results of the theoretical and empirical research provide ade-quate grounds for the conclusion that there is a definite interrelation between the parameters of reflection and the parameters of life-purpose orientations. It is proved that in the conditions of a professional identity crisis the teachers experience a significant reduction in the levels of life-purpose orientations, which in turn leads to intensification of reflection processes. At the same time, the obtained results suggest that the teachers can successfully overcome their professional crisis in case of formation of the cognitive component of the biographical reflection, aimed at the analysis of actions and means of understanding and organizing their life events. Implications of the research results. The research results expand our understanding of the essence and emotional experience of the professional identity crisis. They can be used in the designing the process of psychological support for the activities and professional development of teachers. © 2018 Authors

APPLICATION OF A PRELIMINARY (PRE-TRIAL) CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS MODELING METHOD

Purpose: The article conducts the study application of a preliminary (pre-trial) criminal proceedings modeling method. Methodology: We have shown the important role of blended learning in the maintenance and development of the subject-subject model of interaction between students and teachers. The implementation of subject-subject interaction was considered on the example of the discipline "General and professional pedagogy", the electronic course of which is presented on the Moodle platform. Result: In our opinion, the main problem lies in the fact that the investigator constantly has to deal with various kinds of situations that need to be properly perceived, professionally analyzed, and, as quickly as possible, create a complete picture of what happened, however, it is not always possible. For this purpose, the subject of the investigation should use the entire arsenal of available methods, means, and methods that would allow knowing the event that occurred. Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of application of a preliminary (pre-trial) criminal proceedings modeling method is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner

Mutations designed to modify the NS gene mRNA secondary structure affect influenza A pathogenicity in vivo

The influenza A virus genome consists of eight segments of negative-sense RNA that encode up to 18 proteins. During the process of viral replication, positive-sense (+)RNA (cRNA) or messenger RNA (mRNA) is synthesized. Today, there is only a partial understanding of the function of several secondary structures within vRNA and cRNA promoters, and splice sites in the M and NS genes. The most precise secondary structure of (+)RNA has been determined for the NS segment of influenza A virus.  The influenza A virus NS gene features two regions with a conserved mRNA secondary structure located near splice sites. Here, we compared 4 variants of the A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 strain featuring different combinations of secondary structures at the NS segment (+)RNA regions 82-148 and 497-564. We found that RNA structures did not affect viral replication in cell culture. However, one of the viruses demonstrated lower NS1 and NEP expression levels during early stage cell infection as well as reduced pathogenicity in mice compared to other variants. In particular, this virus is characterized by an RNA hairpin in the 82-148 region and a stable hairpin in the 497-564 region.The influenza A virus genome consists of eight segments of negative-sense RNA that encode up to 18 proteins. During the process of viral replication, positive-sense (+)RNA (cRNA) or messenger RNA (mRNA) is synthesized. Today, there is only a partial understanding of the function of several secondary structures within vRNA and cRNA promoters, and splice sites in the M and NS genes. The most precise secondary structure of (+)RNA has been determined for the NS segment of influenza A virus.  The influenza A virus NS gene features two regions with a conserved mRNA secondary structure located near splice sites. Here, we compared 4 variants of the A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 strain featuring different combinations of secondary structures at the NS segment (+)RNA regions 82-148 and 497-564. We found that RNA structures did not affect viral replication in cell culture. However, one of the viruses demonstrated lower NS1 and NEP expression levels during early stage cell infection as well as reduced pathogenicity in mice compared to other variants. In particular, this virus is characterized by an RNA hairpin in the 82-148 region and a stable hairpin in the 497-564 region

Immunotropic effects of mesotherapy used for correction of age-related skin changes

Rapid progression of aesthetic medicine is a distinctive feature of present decade. In this area, leading position is taken by injection cosmetology, which is associated with an opportunity of pathogenetic approach to resolution of cosmetic problems primarily caused by skin aging. The most commonly used mesotherapy drugs, along with hyaluronic acid, are vitamins, amino acids, and microelements. Skin aging is associated with quantitative and functional changes in the local immune cell populations. In this case, it is rational to assume distinct effects of peptide complexes upon functional potential of immunocompetent cells. The aim of this study was to analyze time-dependent changes of some immune parameters after mesotherapy with a complex of hyaluronic acid and peptides. The observation group consisted of 26 women who received their course of mesotherapy for the first time. Objective instrumental evaluation of the effect with Aramo Smart Lite device showed that, after mesotherapy, the skin quality was significantly improving in comparison with pre-treatment conditions, due to decreased relief of skin creases and wrinkles, with a tendency for reduction of this effect six months later. When comparing the results of immunological testing in the patients after the course of treatment with the data before starting the therapy, we have found redistribution in the lymphoid cell populations, i.e., increased proportion of T-lymphocytes, decreased amounts of B cells, and CD16+ natural killers. Declined numbers of T-lymphocytes expressing early activation marker were associated with increased proportion of peripheral Treg lymphocytes. We have also detected activation of antibody production which manifested as increased levels of all major classes of serum immunoglobulins. Enhanced spontaneous oxidative activity of neutrophils was also noted. The results of immunological monitoring showed that, three months post-treatment, none of the quantitative and functional parameters of immunity was changed, as compared with the results obtained immediately after ending the mesotherapy. Six months later, however, all these indexes returned to their initial positions assessed before the cosmetic procedure. The changes in systemic immune response following mesotherapy with peptide complexes affect the mechanisms of both innate and acquired immunity, including differentiation of lymphocytes, their regulatory functions and activation potential, and provide modulation of effector reactions. Complete restoration of initial immune parameters is observed within six months

THE PROBLEM OF THE IMAGE OF PUBLIC SERVANTS IN RUSSIA

The formation of a favorable image is an integral part of the professional growth of public servants. Modern society imposes special demands on the image of public service employees. In this regard, their image should consist of a set of certain characteristics that emphasize the effectiveness and professionalism of their activities. To effectively create the image of public servants, it is necessary to pay attention to their personal characteristics, as well as to properly organize a PR company. A positive image is one of the main tools for the formation of communication between the state and society with the placement of significant priorities. The formation and development of a positive image is a multi-level, complex and responsible process, which requires hard work so that a public servant can inspire confidence and meet the expectations of citizens. Despite the fact that today the image is one of the most important tools of influence and management, its essence should be exclusively in the pursuit of good goals. It should be aimed at identifying and subsequently solving the main problems of citizens, as well as an active dialogue with society

Characteristic of the immune status of patients with flu

The immune answer to an anti-gene which is transferring air pukty, depends on complex interaction of factors of the vrozhkdenny and acquired immunity: cages mucous the top respiratory ways, anti-genes, T - V-lymphocytes and nespetsificheksky factors of protection of the top respiratory ways. The majority of viruses of flu are found and destroyed within several hours by mechanisms of the congenital immunity which effectors aren't antigenspetsifichny and don't demand the long period of an induction. Such components are involved in system of congenital immunity, as slime, интерфероны and others цитокины, a complement, antigenpredstavlyayushchy cages, natural killers. If viruses of flu are able to avoid these early protective mechanisms, they are found and destroyed by adaptive mechanisms where T - both V-lymphocytes and their products function as antigenspetsifichesky effectors (antibodies, cytotoxic T-cages). Immunity duration at a virus infection depends as by nature a virus (cytopathogenicity, speed a nakoplekniya, ways of evasion on immune system of the owner), and on factors congenital, and adaptive immunity of a macroorganism, formation of immunological memory after primary meeting with a virus, the T caused by education — and memory V-cages.Иммунный ответ на антиген, передающийся воздушным пу-.тем, зависит от комплексного взаимодействия факторов врожденного и приобретенного иммунитета: клеток слизистой верхних дыхательных путей, антигенов, Т- и В-лимфоцитов, неспецифических факторов защиты верхних дыхательных путей. Большинство вирусов гриппа обнаруживаются и уничтожаются в течение нескольких часов механизмами врожденного иммунитета, эффекторы которого не являются антигенспецифичными и не требуют длительного периода индукции. В систему врожденного иммунитета вовлекаются такие компоненты, как слизь, интерфероны и другие цитокины, комплемент, антигенпредставляющие клетки, натуральные киллеры. Если вирусы гриппа смогут избежать этих ранних защитных механизмов, они обнаруживаются и уничтожаются адаптивными механизмами, где Т- и В-лимфоциты и их продукты функционируют как антигенспецифические эффекторы (антитела, цитотоксические Т-клетки). Продолжительность иммунитета при вирусной инфекции зависит как от природы вируса (цитопатогенность, скорость накопления, способы уклонения от иммунной системы хозяина), так и от факторов врожденного, и адаптивного иммунитета макроорганизма, формирования иммунологической памяти после первичной встречи с вирусом, обусловленной образованием Т- и В- клеток памяти