43,656 research outputs found
The Character of Transport Caused by ExB Drift Turbulence
The basic character of diffusive transport in a magnetised plasma depends on
what kind of transport is modelled. ExB turbulence under drift ordering has
special characteristics: it is nearly incompressible, and it cannot lead to
magnetic flux diffusion if it is electrostatic. The ExB velocity is also
related to the Poynting energy flux. Under quasineutral dynamics, electric
fields are not caused by transport of electric charge but by the requirement
that the total current is divergence free. Consequences for well constructed
computational transport models are discussed in the context of a general mean
field analysis, which also yields several anomalous transfer mechanisms not
normally considered by current models.Comment: 31 pages including 2 figures, submitted to Physics of Plasma
Nonlinear polarisation and dissipative correspondence between low frequency fluid and gyrofluid equations
The correspondence between gyrofluid and low frequency fluid equations is
examined. The lowest order conservative effects in ExB advection, parallel
dynamics, and curvature match trivially. The principal concerns are
polarisation fluxes, and dissipative parallel viscosity and parallel heat
fluxes. The emergence of the polarisation heat flux in the fluid model and its
contribution to the energy theorem is reviewed. It is shown that gyroviscosity
and the polarisation fluxes are matched by the finite gyroradius corrections to
advection in the long wavelength limit, provided that the differences between
gyrocenter and particle representations is taken into account. The dissipative
parallel viscosity is matched by the residual thermal anisotropy in the
gyrofluid model in the collision dominated limit. The dissipative parallel heat
flux is matched by the gyrofluid parallel heat flux variables in the collision
dominated limit. Hence, the gyrofluid equations are a complete superset of the
low frequency fluid equations.Comment: RevTeX 4, 28 pages, no figures, final revised version for Physics of
Plasmas prior to proof stag
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Oxygen isotopic constraints on the origin and parent bodies of eucrites, howardites, and diogenites
Time domain numerical calculations of unsteady vortical flows about a flat plate airfoil
A time domain numerical scheme is developed to solve for the unsteady flow about a flat plate airfoil due to imposed upstream, small amplitude, transverse velocity perturbations. The governing equation for the resulting unsteady potential is a homogeneous, constant coefficient, convective wave equation. Accurate solution of the problem requires the development of approximate boundary conditions which correctly model the physics of the unsteady flow in the far field. A uniformly valid far field boundary condition is developed, and numerical results are presented using this condition. The stability of the scheme is discussed, and the stability restriction for the scheme is established as a function of the Mach number. Finally, comparisons are made with the frequency domain calculation by Scott and Atassi, and the relative strengths and weaknesses of each approach are assessed
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Oxygen Isotopic Constraints on the Number and Origin of Basaltic Achondrite Parent Bodies
Our data show that HED meteorites have a homogeneous oxygen isotopic composition consistent with a magma ocean on Vesta. Ibitira, Asuka 881394, Pasamonte, and NWA 1240 probably come from separate parent asteroids
Impact of layer defects in ferroelectric thin films
Based on a modified Ising model in a transverse field we demonstrate that
defect layers in ferroelectric thin films, such as layers with impurities,
vacancies or dislocations, are able to induce a strong increase or decrease of
the polarization depending on the variation of the exchange interaction within
the defect layers. A Green's function technique enables us to calculate the
polarization, the excitation energy and the critical temperature of the
material with structural defects. Numerically we find the polarization as
function of temperature, film thickness and the interaction strengths between
the layers. The theoretical results are in reasonable accordance to
experimental datas of different ferroelectric thin films.Comment: 17 pages, 8 figure
High-Symmetry Polarization Domains in Low-Symmetry Ferroelectrics
We present experimental evidence for hexagonal domain faceting in the
ferroelectric polymer PVDF-TrFE films having the lower orthorhombic
crystallographic symmetry. This effect can arise from purely electrostatic
depolarizing forces. We show that in contrast to magnetic bubble shape domains
where such type of deformation instability has a predominantly elliptical
character, the emergence of more symmetrical circular harmonics is favored in
ferroelectrics with high dielectric constant
The efficacy of Ivermectin against strongyles in yearlings on Thoroughbred breeding farms in New Zealand
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