MUTU BATU-BATA AKIBAT TAMBAHAN SERBUK KAYU BAYUR DARI SEGI BENTUK, WARNA, KERETAKAN, BERAT DAN KUAT TEKAN

Kebutuhan akan batu bata sangat penting peranannya dibidang bangunan, sementara kualitas bata masih banyak yang perlu diperbaiki dan biaya produksinya harus dikurangi. Oleh sebab itu riset dibidang peningkatan mutu batu bata perlu ditingkatkan. Pemanfaatan limbah dalam proses pembuatan batu bata merah adalah salah satu alternatif untuk mengurangi biaya produksi, dan mengurangi campuran tanah liat pada proses pembuatan batu bata merah. Pemanfaatan limbah yang akan digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu serbuk kayu bayur. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen yang menguji kualitas batu bata merah dengan tambahan campuran limbah serbuk kayu bayur. Serbuk kayu bayur yang digunakan merupakan limbah dari penggergajian kayu jenis kayu bayur yang menggunakn alat gergaji baik gergaji manual maupun gergaji mesin. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui mutu batu bata merah yang meliputi pandangan luar (bentuk, warna), berat, ukuran dan kuat tekan batu bata. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penambahan serbuk kayu 8% menunjukan warna merah tua, ukuran penyusutan sekitar kurang lebih 1 cm, bentuk siku tajam, keretakan mencapai kurang lebih 10% dan kuat tekan rata-rata sebesar 4,99 kN, dibandingkan dengan penambahan serbuk kayu 35% menunjukan warna merah kecoklatan, ukuran penyusutan sekitar kurang lebih1,5-2cm, bentuk melengkung, keretakan yang dialami cukup kecil hampir tidak terlihat dan kuat tekan rata-rata sebesar 2,5 kN dan penambahan serbuk kayu 40% menunjukan warna hampir 25% kecoklatan, ukuran penyusutan sekitar kurang lebih 2-3cm, bentuk melengkung sekitaran 1cm dari bentuk semula, keretakan hampir tidak terlihat dan kuat tekan rata-rata sebesar 1,61 kN, bahkan penambahan serbuk kayu 45% tidak diuji karena sudah tidak memenuhi syarat dari pandangan luar dan ukuran. Sebaiknya dalam pembuatan batu bata, agar tidak melakukan penambahan sebuk kayu bayur diatas 35% karena penambahan diatas nilai tersebut dapat menurunkan mutu batu bata

Modified of Single Deepest Vertical Detection (SDVD) Algorithm for Amniotic Fluid Volume Classification

Amniotic fluid a crucial role in ensuring the well-being of the fetus during pregnancy and is contained within the amnion cavity, which is surrounded by a membrane. Several studies have shown that volume of amniotic fluid can vary throughout pregnancy and is closely linked to the health and safety of the fetus. This indicates that it is essential to perform accurate measurement and identification of its volume. Obstetric specialist often use a manual method to identify amniotic fluid by visually determining the longest straight vertical line between the upper and lower boundaries. Therefore, this study aims to develop detection model, known as modified Single Deepest Vertical Detection (SDVD) algorithm to automatically measure the longest vertical line by following medical rules and regulations. SDVD algorithm was designed to measure the depth of amniotic fluid vertically by searching the column of pixels that comprised the image sample, excluding any intersection with the fetal body. Performance testing was carried out using 130 images by comparing the manual measurement results obtained by obstetric specialists and the proposed model. Based on the experimental results using modified SDVD, the average accuracy, precision, and recall achieved for amniotic fluid classification were 92.63%, 85.23%, and 95.6%, respectively

Correlation between Serum Level of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 with Left Ventricular End-diastolic Volume in Children with Heart Failure

BACKGROUND: Left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) on echocardiography is one of the tests performed on heart failure. This refers to the volume of the left ventricle at the end of the diastolic phase, which would be increased when there is a disturbance in preload, afterload, and contractility factors. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2) is a marker of congestive heart failure that can be examined through laboratory examinations. AIM: The objective of the study was to provide evidence of the association between MMP and inflammatory process as well as its correlation with LVEDV in children with heart failure. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study conducted on children aged 3 months–12 years old with heart failure, who visited Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Indonesia from May 2017 to March 2018. Echocardiographic examination (LVEDV) and blood samples were taken to measure the serum level of MMP2 on day 1 after the subjects were diagnosed with heart failure. RESULTS: A total of 32 subjects with heart failure were analyzed in this study. Acyanotic congenital heart defect (CHD) was the most common cause of heart failure, as observed in 23 subjects (71.9%). Characteristics data revealed that 24 subjects (75%) were underweight, 23 (71.9%) had cardiomegaly, and 22 (68.8%) had mild heart failure. Data analysis showed a moderate positive correlation between MMP2 levels with LVEDV after controlling for the influence of age (p = 0.02; r = 0.425). CONCLUSION: There was a moderate positive correlation between MMP2 level and LVEDV after controlling for the age factor

Analisis Kegagalan Korosi pada Tangki Penyimpan Air Panas Terbuat dari Baja Nirkarat

Abstrak : Suatu tangki penyimpanan air panas yang dalam kasus ini terbuat dari baja nirkarat (stainless steel)mengalami kegagalan karena korosi terutama pada bagian sambungan las. Korosi juga terjadipada bagian bawah tanki. Tanki telah digunakan kurang lebih di bawah satu tahun namun sudahmengalami korosi parah terutama pada bagian sambungan las dan juga mengalami korosi padabagian bawah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui penyebab terjadinya korosi. Penelitiandilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik pengamatan metalografi langsung dilapangan denganmenggunakan mikroskop metalurgi portable. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan korosi terjadi akibatkorosi galvanik yaitu sambungan dua jenis logam nirkarat yang berbeda dan diperparah denganterjadinya korosi pitting. Pengujian dengan menggunakan sinar X fluorisensi juga membuktikanbahwa pelat bagian bawah tanki dan pelat bagian samping dan atas ternyata memiliki kandunganyang berbeda. Untuk mengatasi hal ini maka teknik pengelasan harus ditingkatkan denganmenggunakan logam pengisi yang tepatKata kunci: tanki, air panas, korosi, baja nirkarat, galvanik, pitting Abstract : Hot water storage tank that was made from stainless still was investigated in this case. The tankwas found failure in service due to corrosion in welded section. Corrosion also was found at thebottom part of the storage tank. The tank was used for no longer than one year but unfortunatelysevere corrosion was found. The purpose of this research is to find the reason why the tank easilycorroded especially at the bottom part and at the welding section. The research was carried out byconducting metallographic examination directly in situ by utilizing portable metallographicmicroscope. It is found from investigation that the corrosion was happen due to galvanic corrosion.Investigation by using X ray fluorescence also agree that the composition of the bottom part of thetank was different with the wall, and upper section. The welding filler also was found not correctlyprepared that make pitting corrosion to occur. It is suggested to conduct advance research toinvestigate the correct composition for the filler during welding.Key word: Tank, hot water, corrosion, stainless steel, galvanik,pittin

Sanksi Pidana terhadap Pelaku Pencemaran Nama Baik Melalui Media Sosial

People in Indonesia do not understand what the law really is, they only know that if there is a mistake, there will be punishment. The lack of insight of the Indonesian people in understanding the law makes the government always socialize how important it is that people learn the law and apply sanctions for someone who violates the law. This research aims to analyze the form of legal settlement arrangements against perpetrators of defamation through social media, as well as to discuss criminal sanctions against perpetrators of defamation through social media. The research method used is normative by using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The sources of legal materials in this research are primary sources of material originating from arrangements related to cases and secondary sources of material derived from legal books and journals. The data collection technique used the technique of recording and documenting data related to the case. The sophistication of the development of computer technology, especially in the telecommunications system, gave birth to a new term called the internet. The internet is one of the media electronic in terms of information and communication that is able to connect people around the world, so that the world feels increasingly narrow and without boundaries because of the ease in establishing communication. Globalization that gave birth to internet-based information and communication technology has shaped the pattern of human life with a new culture. With the internet, people are no longer worried about boundaries of territory, space, and time that hinder the process of information and communication because they have found a way that is more effective and efficient

EVALUATION OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY BASED ON TRI HITA KARANA IN THE PURA AGUNG JAGATNATHA IMPROVEMENT PROJECT

Implementing occupational health and environmental safety aspects is very important in project implementation. In addition to accelerating work, safety for workers is essential and must be considered. In the implementation of the project in Bali, Tri Hita Karana was carried out to maintain the stability and smoothness of the project. However, limited literature still reveals the relationship between these aspects. This study aims to evaluate and analyze the application model of occupational health and environmental safety based on Tri Hita Karana in the Pura Agung Jagatnatha Improvement Project in Denpasar City. A quantitative research design with a cross-sectional approach was used to evaluate each variable in the Tri Hita Karana component, including Parahyangan (X1), Pawongan (X2), and Palemahan (X3), on occupational health and environmental safety (Y). Two hundred selected respondents were given questionnaires to evaluate each hypothesis. The sampling technique uses total sampling with a research time of 6 months, and the model is analyzed using SEM–AMOS. The results show that the application of the Tri Hita Karana to occupational health and environmental safety has positive and significant consequences (p < 0.05) in the aspects of Parahyangan, Pawongan, and Palemahan. The mathematical model built is Y = 0.548X1 + 0.423X2 + 0.211X3, which means that a change in the Parahyangan value has a direct effect on the application of OHSE by 0.548 times, a change in the value of Pawongan has a direct effect on the application of OHSE by 0.423 times and a change in the value of Palemahan will directly affect the application of OHSE by 0.211 times. Hence, it is hoped that project implementers in Bali will be guided by implementing occupational health and environmental safety based on Tri Hita Karana.

Risk factors of repetitive thoracentesis of malignant pleural effusion in naive non-small cell lung carcinoma

Almost 40% of Non Small Cell Lung (NSCLC) patients develop Malignant Pleural Effusion (MPE). Nowadays, clinicians prefer to perform a repetitive thoracentesis rather than a definitive procedure, which causes pleural loculations and inflammation. This study aimed to identify risk factors of repeated thoracentesis MPE in NSCLC. This was an observational analytic study with a retrospective cohort design held at Prof.Dr. I.G.N.G Ngoerah General Hospital from January 2018 to June 2022. There were 95 subjects who participated in this study. The median time of repetitive thoracentesis MPE in NSCLC is 3 days (95% CI 1,9-4). The difference in location tumor in the peripheral was 3 days (2.25-3.74) while in the central was 7 days (4.24-9.75), p=0.21. The difference in histology type, Adenocarcinoma was 3 days (1.86-4.13) while squamous cell carcinoma was 4 days (2.53-5.46), p=0.69. Pleural fluid cytology positive was 6 days (2.78-9.22) while negative was 3 days (1.83-4.16), p=0.51. The EGFR mutation positive was 4 days (2.48-5.52) while negative 3 days (1.68-4.31), p=0.78. LDH levels ≥821 IU/L was 3 days (1.49-4.50) while <821 IU/L was 4 days (2.32-5.67), p=0.81. The size of pleural effusion massive was 3 days (1.88-4.11) while non-massive was 4 days (0.93-7.06), p=0.49