Determining factors in the wearing of a removable prosthesis: the role of familial example. Prosthetic risk: the influence of parental behavior (Article in French)

The aim of the present study was to provide a fuller clarification of the influence of sociocultural and socioeconomic data on the bucco-dental ageing. In Particular, was suspected, the influence of the parental behavior towards the wearing of their own prostheses in the wearing of removable prostheses among the descendants. The study was led in a dental service (CHU of Marseille) on 260 from 50 to 70 years old persons. Variables in the study were mainly basic sociocultural and socioeconomic variables (sex, age, educational level and social-professional groups...); the dental morbidity (DMF); the periodontal state (corrected CPITN, plaque index, gingival index), the prosthetic state of the subjects, the prosthetic state of the parents, the behavior of the parents towards the port of their prosthesis (CPP), the behavior of the subjects in front of dental care. The data were analyzed mainly by the method of logistic regression. They indicated that the most determining variables concerning the wearing of removable prostheses were: the plaque index (OR = 1.730), the behavior in front of dental care (OR = 1.306) and especially, the parental prosthetic behavior (OR = 4.420). In others words, the fact that the parents had removable prostheses and well tolerated it, constituted an important risk factor so that the children had removable prostheses. It was here, according to the authors, about sociological and psychological determinants on the bucco-dental aging

Acculturation alimentaire et santé dentaire des Yanomamis

The food of the Amerindian societies is traditionally varied, balanced and selfsufficient. However, the colonization by the Brazilian non-native populations is at the origin of changes in the ways of life, of which a dietary acculturation. Within the framework of activities of improvement of the sanitary state and agents' training of health, a study of the oral state of the Amerindians Yanomamis of average Rio Negro, Brazilian Amazonia, was realized in 2000. Both hydrographic basins taken into account in this study are Cauaburis and Padauiri, distant about 200 km. They differ by the age and the intensity of the contacts with the Brazilian society. Oral exams allowed to observe all the volunteers of more than one year old, that is 45 % of every community, and to note their indexes DMF (number of decayed "D", missing "M" and Filled teeth "F") in definitive dentition, df (number of decayed "d" and filled teeth "f") in lactéale dentition and dmf (number of decayed "d", missing "m" and filled teeth "f") in mixed dentition. The Amerindian of Cauaburis presented in definitive dentition significantly more decay teeth more absent teeth and more filled teeth than those of Padauiri. The differences in the indexes D, M, F and DMF were strongly significant. Equivalent results were observed for the temporary and mixed dentitions. For indicators D and F, a covariance analysis showed that the age was certainly influencing, with p = 0.013, but, that any equal things besides, the geographic location remained highly determining with p < 0.001. Within the hydrographic location, the nearness of the Brazilian non-native populations turned out to be a risk factor for the oral health of the native populations, advancing the phenomena of dietary acculturation of these last ones. Source data on the ecology, the food, the demographic and sanitary conditions of the majority of the forested native populations are rare. It is the case of the Amazonian Amerindian populations, for which it does not exist much documentations allowing to show evolutionary tendencies of change. The presented study joins in a multi-field anthropological approach where the oral health turns out to be an interesting marker of the dietary acculturation of these indigenes populations.L'alimentation des sociétés amérindiennes est traditionnellement variée, équilibrée et autosuffisante. Cependant, la colonisation par les populations allogènes est à l'origine de changements dans les modes de vie, dont une acculturation alimentaire. Dans le cadre d'activités d'amélioration de l'état sanitaire et de formation d'agents de santé, une étude de l'état bucco-dentaire des Amérindiens Yanomamis du moyen Rio Negro, Amazonie brésilienne, a été réalisée en 2000. Les deux bassins hydrographiques pris en compte dans cette étude sont le Cauaburis et le Padauiri, distants d'environ 200 km. Ils diffèrent par l'ancienneté et l'intensité des contacts avec la société brésilienne. Des examens bucco-dentaires ont permis d'observer tous les volontaires âgés de plus de un an, soit 45% de chaque communauté, et de noter leurs indices CAOD (nombre de dents cariées "C", absentes "A" et obturées "O") en denture définitive, cod (nombre de dents cariées "c" et obturées "o") en denture lactéale et caod (nombre de dents cariées "c", absentes "a" et obturées "o" en denture mixte). Les Amérindiens du Cauaburis présentent en denture définitive significativement plus de caries, plus de dents absentes et plus de dents obturées que ceux du Padauiri. Les différences dans les indices C, A, O et CAOD sont fortement significatives. Des résultats équivalents sont observés pour les dentitions temporaires et mixtes. Pour les indicateurs C et O, une analyse de covariance montre que l'âge est certes influant, avec p = 0,013, mais, que toutes choses égales par ailleurs, la situation géographique (bassin) reste hautement déterminante avec p<0,001. Au sein même des bassins hydrographiques, la proximité des populations allogènes s'avère être un facteur de risque pour la santé bucco-dentaire des Amérindiens Yanomamis, mettant en avant les phénomènes d'acculturation alimentaire de ces derniers. Les données de base sur l'écologie, l'alimentation, les conditions démographiques et sanitaires de la majorité des populations indigènes forestières sont rares. C'est le cas des populations amérindiennes amazoniennes, pour lesquelles il n'existe pas ou très peu de documentation permettant de dégager des tendances évolutives de changement. L'étude présentée s'inscrit dans une démarche anthropologique pluridisciplinaire où la santé bucco-dentaire apparaît être un marqueur intéressant de l'acculturation alimentaire de ces populations indigènes.