Strongly localized polaritons in an array of trapped two-level atoms interacting with a light field

We propose a new type of spatially periodic structure, i.e. polaritonic crystal (PolC), to observe a "slow"/"stopped" light phenomenon due to coupled atom-field states (polaritons) in a lattice. Under the tightbinding approximation, such a system realizes an array of weakly coupled trapped two-component atomic ensembles interacting with optical field in a tunnel-coupled one dimensional cavity array. We have shown that the phase transition to the superfluid Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer state, a so-called (BCS)-type state of low branch polaritons, occurs under the strong coupling condition. Such a transition results in the appearance of a macroscopic polarization of the atomic medium at non-zero frequency. The principal result is that the group velocity of polaritons depends essentially on the order parameter of the system, i.e. on the average photon number in the cavity array.Comment: 16 pages, 6 figure

Why a pregnant age can be the risk factor in chronic obstructive pyelonephritis?

The aim of the study was to identify possible mechanisms that could reproduce the recurrence of CVD in older men against the background of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and antibiotics, thereby justifying why age and sex may be risk factors for acute pyelonephritis in urolithiasis. Material and methods. The results of a study of 88 men with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, including 45 patients over 65 years of age (mean age 74.0 ± 1.3 years) and 43 patients in the age range of 55-65 years (mean age of patients 61.0 ± 0, 8 year). In the phase of remission of CVD, 48 patients were examined and in the phase of relapse-40 patients. The study included patients who took non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and antibiotics in a standard dose of at least 5-10 days before hospitalization. From the peripheral blood by centrifugation, plasma-enriched plasma was isolated. Platelet content in 1 μl was 200,000 ± 20,000. To stimulate platelets, adrenaline and ADP (Sigma, USA) were used at an effective concentration (EC50) of 5 μM, which caused platelet aggregation (ATC) in healthy individuals (10 donors) at the level of 50 ± 5%. The aggregation of Tc was evaluated on a Chrono log analyzer (USA). The formation of platelet-leukocyte aggregates (TPA) was modeled in vitro by incubation of stimulated platelets (epinephrine at a concentration of EC50) and intact leukocytes isolated from the peripheral blood of patients with CVD. The number of intact TL was assessed after the color of blood smears according to the Romanovsky-Giemsa method. Results. In the phase of remission of CVD on the background of the appointment of NSAIDs and antibiotics, in patients of the two age groups studied, it was not possible to detect differences in the response of leukocytes. Recurrence of CVD in patients age range 55-65 years was characterized by leukocytosis, neutrophilocytosis, increased ESR (

The role of obstetric pessary and micronized progesteron in early preterm birth prevention in patients with multiple pregnancy

Background. Multiple pregnancy is a well-established risk factor for preterm birth. Prevention of early termination of pregnancy is a priority problem in obstetric practice.The aim. To evaluate the role of an obstetric pessary and micronized progesterone in the prevention of early preterm labor in patients with multiple pregnancies.Materials and methods. A prospective controlled study was conducted with the inclusion of 146 pregnant women with multiple pregnancies, which, depending on the methods of treatment, were divided into three groups: Group I (n = 67) – pregnant women who received micronized progesterone in combination with an obstetric pessary; Group II (n = 57) included women who received micronized progesterone; Group III (n = 22) consisted of patients with multiple pregnancies without therapy.Results. In Group I, the complex of an obstetric pessary and micronized progesterone allowed to reduce the frequency of preterm birth by 2.3 times (p = 0.008) in comparison with Group III, the frequency of births at gestational age ≤ 34 weeks – by 8.1 times (p = 0.005) in compared with Group III and 2.7 times (p < 0.01) compared with Group II. In 70.4 % of pregnant women, the use of a complex of an obstetric pessary with micronized progesterone made it possible to prevent the formation of isthmiccervical insufficiency, which, according to sonography, was expressed in the dynamics of the utero-cervical angle towards a more obtuse one.Conclusion. The use of an obstetric pessary with micronized progesterone made it possible to reduce the risks of isthmic-cervical insufficiency by 7.7 % compared with patients who received only micronized progesterone therapy, and by 17.1 % compared with pregnant women who did not receive therapy

АКТУАЛЬНОСТЬ ОЦЕНКИ ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕННОГО РИСКА НА АВИАПРЕДПРИЯТИЯХ

The notion of “the concept on assumed risk” that took over from the outdated concept of absolute security is analyzed, the increasing significance of operating risk assessment at the present stage is noted. Some basic risk assessment techniques are considered. Matrix technique of risk assessment is considered more thoroughly, and it may be used in risk assessment of airlines in the context of labour protection management system.The ability to correctly assess risks and develop appropriate precautionary measures will allow airlines to avoid incidents leading to drastic consequences for staff, as well as to direct and indirect costs for the enterprise among which there could be singled out both direct property damage and loss of profit and expenses connected to incident investigation, penalty and compensation payment, loss of business reputation and so on. To reduce the rate of accidents and to develop safe activities skills for airlines staff a risk assessment chart is supposed to be implemented, which will be an efficient accidents prevention involving the staff in the process and making them follow safe working conditions.Process risk assessment is an integral part of assessment of the whole enterprise activity and work efficiency of a department and particular workers evaluation system. Labour protection activity should be based on risk identification and its control. Risk assessment is a keystone of labour protection activity planning.Анализируется понятие «концепции приемлемого риска», пришедшее на смену устаревшей концепции абсолютной безопасности, и отмечается возрастающая значимость оценки производственных рисков на современном этапе. Рассмотрели несколько основных методов оценки рисков. Более подробно рассмотрен матричный метод оценки рисков, который можно применять при оценке рисков на авиапредприятиях в рамках системы управления охраной труда.Способность корректно оценить риски и разработать адекватные меры предосторожности позволит авиапредприятию избежать происшествий, ведущих к тяжелым последствиям для работников, а также к прямым и косвенным издержкам предприятия, среди которых можно выделить как прямой ущерб имуществу и потерю прибыли, так и затраты, связанные с расследованием происшествия, выплатой штрафов и компенсаций, потерей делового имиджа и т. п. С целью снижения травматизма и выработки навыков безопасного поведения у персонала на авиапредприятиях предлагается внедрить карту с оценкой рисков, которая будет является мощным инструментом предупреждения аварийных ситуаций с вовлечением всего персонала в процесс предупреждения аварийных ситуаций и соблюдения безопасных условий труда.Оценка производственных рисков является неотъемлемой частью оценки всей деятельности организации и системы измерения качества работы подразделений и отдельных работников. Работа по охране труда на предприятии должна основываться на выявлении имеющихся рисков и управлении ими. Оценка рисков является при этом краеугольным камнем планирования по охране труда

Study of thermal effects of silicate-containing hydroxyapatites

The possibility of modifications of hydroxyapatite silicate ions, from the extracellular fluid prototype solution under near-physiological conditions has been studied. Formation of silicon-structured hydroxyapatite with different extent of substitution of phosphate groups in the silicate group has been established through chemical and X-ray diffraction analyses, FTIR spectroscopy and optical microscopy. The results obtained are in agreement and suggest the possibility of substitution of phosphate groups for silicate groups in the hydroxyapatite structure when introducing different sources of silica, tetraethoxysilane and sodium silicate, in the reaction mixture. Growth in the amount of silicon in Si-HA results in the increase in the thermal stability of the samples. The greatest mass loss occurs at temperatures in the range of 25-400 °С that is caused by the removal of the crystallization and adsorption water and volatile impurities. It is shown that the modified apatites are of imperfect structure and crystallize in a nanocrystalline state

Characterization of Pathogenic Microflora Causing Suppurative Septic Postpartum Complications: a Retrospective Cohort Study

Background. Suppurative septic postpartum complications occupy a leading position in the structure of causes of maternal mortality. Information about the characteristics of pathogenic microflora in various forms of complications and analysis of its resistance to antibacterial drugs determine the choice of rational therapy for this pathology.Objectives — to characterize the isolated pathogenic microflora in obstetric patients with suppurative septic postpartum complications.Methods. A retrospective cohort study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology No. 2 of the Omsk State Medical University and the Department of Gynecology of the Omsk Regional Clinical Hospital. The study included 123 cesarean section patients treated from January 2013 to December 2022 who were divided into three groups: Group A — uncomplicated course of postpartum endometritis, n = 55; Group B — complicated forms of postpartum endometritis, n = 48: B1 — local complications (suture failure following cesarean section; parametritis) n = 29; B2 — pelvic peritonitis, n = 19; Group C — septic complications following critical obstetric conditions, n = 20. The pathogenic microflora of uterine and abdominal cavities was examined; the extent of contamination with a pathogen and sensitivity to antibacterial drugs were determined. The isolated microorganisms were identified using a MicroTax bacteriological analyzer (Austria), Vitek2 Compact (France) and routine methods; a disk diffusion method was employed to determine the sensitivity of microorganisms to antibacterial drugs. Calculations were performed using licensed Microsoft Office Excel 2013 and Statistica 10 programs (StatSoft Inc., USA). Nonparametric nominal data were compared using Pearson’s chi-squared test with p-value determination.Results. The pathogenic microflora was dominated by S. epidermidis, E. faecalis, E. coli, and E. faecium. In 2018–2022, a statistically significant decrease was observed in the isolation rate of S. epidermidis (p = 0.016), E. faecalis (p < 0.001), and E. faecium (p = 0.05). The highest resistance was exhibited by bacteria to the following antibiotics: S. epidermidis — cephalosporins (30.16%); E. faecalis — fluoroquinolones (33.33%); E. coli — cephalosporins (65.91%) and β-lactamase-resistant penicillins (40.91%); E. faecium — aminopenicillins (64.10%) and fluoroquinolones (50.0%); А. baumannii — fluoroquinolones, cephalosporins, carbapenems (100%), and aminoglycosides (84.2%). A contamination assessment revealed a high titer of isolated microorganisms in 60.53% of cases. We found a statistically significantly higher isolation rate of S. еpidermidis (p < 0.001), E. faecium (p = 0.01), and A. baumannii (p = 0.02) in the setting of pelvic peritonitis as compared to uncomplicated endometritis. In the case of suppurative septic complications due to critical obstetric conditions, the isolation rate was higher for S. еpidermidis (p <0.001), E. coli (p = 0.04), E. faecium (p = 0.005), A. baumannii (р<0.001), and K. рneumoniae (p = 0.04).Conclusion. The antibiotic resistance of pathogenic microorganisms calls for the development of new organ system support technologies and the use of methods capable of sorbing microorganisms and their toxins in the area of inflammation

Академик Иван Степанович Колесников — военный хирург, ученый, педагог

Ivan Stepanovich Kolesnikov (1901–1985) – an outstanding Soviet surgeon, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Academician of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, Major-General of Medical Service (1953), Honored Scientist of RSFSR (1964), Hero of Socialist Labor (1976), Lenin Prize Laureate (1961) and USSR State Prize Laureate USSR (1985). Ivan S. Kolesnikov had a glittering life from a junior medical staff to an academician. He participated in 6 wars. Academician Kolesnikov was a talented organizer. He supported and developed thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, anesthesiology-resuscitation, combustiology, transfusiology. His monographs have become handbooks for surgeons in our country: “Resection of the lungs: indications, surgical techniques, postoperative care” (1960), “Organ-sparing resections of the lungs in tuberculosis” (1965), “Autotransfusion of blood and its components in surgery” (1979). Ten volumes of the “Atlas of Gunshot Wounds” prepared by him and his collaborator Academician P. A. Kupriyanov were published in 1946–1955.Иван Степанович Колесников (1901–1985) – выдающийся советский хирург, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, академик АМН СССР, генерал-майор медицинской службы (1953), заслуженный деятель науки РСФСР (1964), Герой Социалистического Труда (1976), лауреат Ленинской премии (1961) и Государственной премии СССР (1985). Иван Степанович прошел яркий жизненный путь от санитара до академика. Участник шести войн. Талантливый организатор. Апологет торакальной, сердечно-сосудистой хирургии, анестезиологии-реаниматологии, комбустиологии, трансфузиологии. Автор монографий, ставших настольными книгами хирургов нашей страны: «Резекция легких: показания, техника операций, послеоперационный уход» (1960), «Экономные резекции легких при туберкулезе» (1965), «Аутотрансфузия крови и ее компонентов в хирургии» (1979). Совместно с академиком П. А. Куприяновым в период с 1946 по 1955 г. издал «Атлас огнестрельных ранений» в десяти томах

Thermal effects of carbonated hydroxyapatite modified by glycine and albumin

In this work calcium phosphate powders were obtained by precipitation method from simulated solutions of synovial fluid containing glycine and albumin. X-ray diffraction and IR spectroscopy determined that all samples are single-phase and are presented by carbonate containing hydroxyapatite (CHA). The thermograms of solid phases of CHA were obtained and analyzed; five stages of transformation in the temperature range of 25-1000°C were marked. It is shown that in this temperature range dehydration, decarboxylation and thermal degradation of amino acid and protein connected to the surface of solid phase occur. The tendency of temperature lowering of the decomposition of powders synthesized from a medium containing organic substances was determined. Results demonstrate a direct dependence between the concentration of the amino acid in a model solution and its content in the solid phase

Сергей Семенович Гирголав – служитель отечественной хирургии. К 140-летию со дня рождения

Semen Semenovich Girgolav was born on February 2, 1881 in Tiflis, Georgia, Russia. In 1904 he graduated from the Imperial Military Medical Academy with honors. Under the guidance of Prof. M.S. Subbotin, Dr. S. Girgolav prepared and in 1907 successfully defended his doctoral dissertation “Experimental findings on the use of isolated omentum in the abdominal surgery”. Later, he headed the chairs of general surgery, hospital surgery of the Military Medical Academy; he also was a scientific director of the Leningrad Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, head of the surgical department of the medical faculty of the 2nd Leningrad Medical Institute.In the 30s. Prof. Girgolav started a comprehensive work on thermal injuries and continued it until the last days of his life, while basic efforts of the staff of departments and laboratories which he headed were focused on studying local and general effects of low temperatures. From the first to the last days of the Great Patriotic War, he was the Deputy Chief Surgeon of the Red Army, and when Academician Burdenko (Chief Surgeon) fell ill (from October 1941 to May 1942 and in 1945) he acted as Chief Surgeon. During the Great Patriotic War, Prof. Girgolav regularly underlined the priority of the issues of military field surgery management as well as the issues of collecting and sharing the battle experience in surgery.Academician Girgolav’s list of works includes more than 140 scientific papers, which can be schematically divided into the following topics: “Military field surgery”, “Wounds”, “Frostbites”, “Issues of Special Surgery”, “Traumatology”, “Asepsis and antiseptics”, “Pain relief”, “Neurosurgery”, “Endocrinology and oncology”, “Manuals and Guidelines”. Professor V. G. Weinstein (an outstanding Soviet traumatologistorthopedist who worked under Acad. Girgolav’s guidance) suggests the following sections: 38 works are devoted to comprehensive researches on wounds, 17 – to infections, 16 – to military field surgery, 14 – abdominal and thoracic surgery, 13 – traumatology, 12 – problems of low-temperature injuries. Fewer works in urology, plastic surgery, asepsis and antiseptics, vascular and operative surgery, history of medicine.As a result of Acad. Girgolav’s research and educational activities, one of the largest surgical schools in the USSR has been created. More than 20 doctoral and 45 candidate dissertations were prepared and defended under his supervision. Academician, Lieutenant-General of the Medical Service .S. Girgolav, was awarded the Stalin Prize, two Orders of Lenin, three Orders of the Red Banner, Order of the Red Banner of Labor, Order of the Red Star as well as many medals and honorary prizes for his outstanding contribution to the medical sphere of the Motherland in peacetime and wartime.Семен Семенович Гирголав родился 2 февраля 1881 г. в Тифлисе. В 1904 г. он с отличием окончил Императорскую Военно-медицинскую академию. Под руководством профессора М. С. Субботина С. С. Гирголав подготовил и в 1907 г. успешно защитил докторскую диссертацию «Экспериментальные данные к вопросу о применении изолированного сальника в брюшной хирургии». Позднее он руководил кафедрами общей хирургии, госпитальной хирургии Военно-медицинской академии, был научным руководителем Ленинградского научно-исследовательского института травматологии и ортопедии, заведующим хирургической кафедрой медицинского факультета 2-го Ленинградского медицинского института.В 30-х гг. С. С. Гирголав начал работы по всестороннему исследованию термической травмы и не прекращал их до последних дней своей жизни, при этом основные усилия сотрудников кафедр и лабораторий, которыми он руководил, сосредоточивались на изучении местного и общего действия низких температур. С первых и до последних дней Великой Отечественной войны он являлся заместителем главного хирурга Красной Армии, а во время болезни академика Н. Н. Бурденко (с октября 1941 по май 1942 г. и в 1945 г.) исполнял обязанности главного хирурга. В период Великой Отечественной войны С. С. Гирголав придавал первостепенное значение организационным проблемам военно-полевой хирургии и обобщению боевого опыта хирургической службы.Список трудов академика С. С. Гирголава содержит более 140 научных работ, которые схематически исследователи разделяют на следующие темы: «Военно-полевая хирургия», «Раны», «Отморожения», «Вопросы частной хирургии», «Травматология», «Асептика и антисептика», «Обезболивание», «Нейрохирургия, эндокринология и онкология», «Учебники и руководства». Профессор В. Г. Вайнштейн (выдающийся советский травматолог-ортопед, работал под руководством С. С. Гирголава) приводит следующие разделы: вопросам всестороннего изучения ран посвящено 38 работ, инфекциям – 17, военно-полевой хирургии – 16, хирургии брюшной и грудной полости – 14, травматологии – 13, проблемам холодовой травмы – 12. Меньшее количество работ – в области урологии, пластической хирургии, асептики и антисептики, сосудистой и оперативной хирургии, истории медицины.В результате научно-исследовательской и педагогической деятельности академиком С. С. Гирголавом создана одна из крупнейших в СССР хирургических школ. Под руководством С. С. Гирголава подготовлено и защищено более 20 докторских и 45 кандидатских диссертаций. За выдающиеся заслуги перед Родиной в мирное и военное время лауреат Сталинской премии, академик, генерал-лейтенант медицинской службы С. С. Гирголав награжден двумя орденами Ленина, тремя орденами Красного Знамени, орденом Трудового Красного Знамени, орденом Красной Звезды, многими медалями и почетными знаками