MODIFICATION OF INPUT IMAGES FOR IMPROVING THE ACCURACY OF RICE FIELD CLASSIFICATION USING MODIS DATA

The standard image classification method typically uses multispectral imageryon one acquisition date as an input for classification. Rice fields exhibit high variability inland cover states, which influences their reflectance. Using the existing standard method forrice field classification may increase errors of commission and omission, thereby reducingclassification accuracy. This study utilised temporal variance in a vegetation index as amodified input image for rice field classification. The results showed that classification ofrice fields using modified input images provided a better result. Using the modifiedclassification input improved the correspondence between rice field area obtained from theclassification result and reference data (R2 increased from 0.2557 to 0.9656 for regencylevelcomparisons and from 0.5045 to 0.8698 for district-level comparisons). Theclassification accuracy and the estimated Kappa value also increased when using themodified classification input compared to the standard method, from 66.33 to 83.73 andfrom 0.49 to 0.77, respectively. The commission error, omission error, and Kappa variancedecreased from 68.11 to 42.36, 28.48 to 27.97, and 0.00159 to 0.00039, respectively, whenusing modified input images compared to the standard method. The Kappa analysisconcluded that there are significant differences between the procedure developed in thisstudy and the standard method for rice field classification. Consequently, the modifiedclassification method developed here is significant improvement over the standardprocedure

A computational scheme to evaluate Hamaker constants of molecules with practical size and anisotropy

We propose a computational scheme to evaluate Hamaker constants, $A$, of molecules with practical sizes and anisotropies. Upon the increasing feasibility of diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC) methods to evaluate binding curves for such molecules to extract the constants, we discussed how to treat the averaging over anisotropy and how to correct the bias due to the non-additivity. We have developed a computational procedure for dealing with the anisotropy and reducing statistical errors and biases in DMC valuations, based on possible validations on predicted $A$. We applied the scheme to cyclohexasilane molecule, Si$_6$H$_{12}$, used in 'printed electronics' fabrications, getting $A \sim 105 \pm 2$ [zJ], being in plausible range supported even by other possible extrapolations. The scheme provided here would open a way to use handy {\it ab initio} evaluations to predict wettabilities as in the form of materials informatics over broader molecules.Comment: The manuscript was revised according to review comment

Rice Productivity Growth During Nine Years in Badung Regency, Bali Province

The trend of rice productivity and its stability in Badung Regency are presented in this study. The area is a tourism-based economy without leaving the role of rice production to feed the people.  Time series data were collected from five sub districts covering 53 villages during 2008-2016 due to the completeness of the data. Variability of the data was observed from the coefficient of variance (C.V.) to decide rice productivity stability. This study also observed correlation between rainfall and rice productivity in the area. Result of the study shows that rice productivity trend in Badung Regency tend to decline during nine years of observation especially in 2014-2016. Three sub-districts had stable condition, while two sub-districts in tourism area contributed to the decline of this matter. Analysis using bi-plot revealed that there is no significant correlation between rainfall in sub-district and rice productivity, implying that water is available throughout the year.  In terms of stability, majority of villages (69.81%) had stable condition of rice productivity ranging from middle and high category. Other 30.19% villages were categorized as unstable ranging from low to high productivity. This condition showed that Badung Regency were able to maintain stability of rice productivity during nine years of observation. Implication of this study is to pay more attention to two sub districts in tourism area to improve their rice productivity such as implementation of good agricultural practices

Noncovalent Interactions by QMC: Speedup by One-Particle Basis-Set Size Reduction

While it is empirically accepted that the fixed-node diffusion Monte-Carlo (FN-DMC) depends only weakly on the size of the one-particle basis sets used to expand its guiding functions, limits of this observation are not settled yet. Our recent work indicates that under the FN error cancellation conditions, augmented triple zeta basis sets are sufficient to achieve a benchmark level of 0.1 kcal/mol in a number of small noncovalent complexes. Here we report on a possibility of truncation of the one-particle basis sets used in FN-DMC guiding functions that has no visible effect on the accuracy of the production FN-DMC energy differences. The proposed scheme leads to no significant increase in the local energy variance, indicating that the total CPU cost of large-scale benchmark noncovalent interaction energy FN-DMC calculations may be reduced.Comment: ACS book chapter, accepte

Simulation of boron diffusion during low-temperature annealing of implanted silicon

Modeling of ion-implanted boron redistribution in silicon crystals during low-temperature annealing with a small thermal budget has been carried out. It was shown that formation of "tails"' in the low-concentration region of impurity profiles occurs due to the long-range migration of boron interstitialsComment: 16 pages, 3 figure