What will the first year of SNO show?

The ratio of the measured to the predicted standard model CC event rates in SNO will be 0.47 if no oscillations occur. The best-fit active oscillation predictions for the CC ratio are: 0.35-39 (MSW) and 0.38-42 (vacuum) (all for a 5 MeV energy threshold), typically about 20% less than the no-oscillation expectation. We calculate the predicted ratios for six active and sterile neutrino oscillation solutions allowed at 99% CL and determine the dependence of the ratios on energy threshold. If the high-energy anomaly observed by SuperKamiokande is due to an enhanced hep flux, MSW active solutions predict that out of a total of 5000 CC events above 5 MeV in SNO between 49 and 54 events will be observed above 13 MeV whereas only 19 events are expected for no-oscillations and a nominal standard hep flux.Comment: Phys Lett accepted. Editorial corrections. Related material and viewgraphs at http://www.sns.ias.edu/~jn

Entropy of the Nordic electricity market: anomalous scaling, spikes, and mean-reversion

The electricity market is a very peculiar market due to the large variety of phenomena that can affect the spot price. However, this market still shows many typical features of other speculative (commodity) markets like, for instance, data clustering and mean reversion. We apply the diffusion entropy analysis (DEA) to the Nordic spot electricity market (Nord Pool). We study the waiting time statistics between consecutive spot price spikes and find it to show anomalous scaling characterized by a decaying power-law. The exponent observed in data follows a quite robust relationship with the one implied by the DEA analysis. We also in terms of the DEA revisit topics like clustering, mean-reversion and periodicities. We finally propose a GARCH inspired model but for the price itself. Models in the context of stochastic volatility processes appear under this scope to have a feasible description.Comment: 16 pages, 7 figure

Expression Profiles and DNA-Binding Affinity of Five ERF Genes in Bunches of Vitis vinifera cv. Cardinal Treated with High Levels of CO2 at Low Temperature

Ethylene response factors (ERFs) play an important role in plants by regulating defense response through interaction with various stress pathways. After harvest, table grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) are subject to a range of problems associated with postharvest storage at 0°C, such as fungal attack, water loss and rachis browning. The application of a 3-day high CO2 treatment maintained fruit quality and activated the induction of transcription factors belonging to different families such as ERF. In this paper, we have isolated five VviERFs from table grapes cv. Cardinal, whose deduced amino acid sequence contained the conserved apetalous (AP2)/ERF domain. The phylogeny and putative conserved motifs in VviERFs were analyzed and compared with those previously reported in Vitis. VviERFs-c gene expression was studied by quantitative real-time RT-PCR in the different tissues of bunches stored at low temperature and treated with high levels of CO2. The results showed that in most of the tissues analyzed, VviERFs-c gene expression was induced by the storage under normal atmosphere although the application of high levels of CO2 caused a greater increase in the VviERFs-c transcript accumulation. The promoter regions of two PRs (pathogenesis related proteins), Vcchit1b and Vcgns1, were obtained and the in silico analysis revealed the presence of a cis-acting ethylene response element (GCC box). In addition, expression of these two PR genes was analyzed in the pulp and rachis of CO2-treated and non-treated table grapes stored at 0°C and results showed significant correlations with VviERF2-c and VviERF6L7-c gene expression in rachis, and between VviERF11-c and Vcchit1b in pulp. Finally by using electro mobility shift assays, we denoted differences in binding of VviERFs to the GCC sequences present in the promoters of both PRs, with VviERF6L7-c being the only member which did not bind to any tested probe. Overall, our results suggest that the beneficial effect of high CO2 treatment maintaining table grape quality seems to be mediated by the regulation of ERFs and in particular VviERF2-c might play an important role by modulating the expression of PR genes.This work was supported by the European Union under the 7th Framework Programme FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG no. 321694 and by CICYT projects AGL2011-26742 and AGL2014-53081-R. IR and MV-H were supported by a postdoctoral Juan de la Cierva contract from the MICINN and a predoctoral contract from the MEC, respectively.USD 2,116.5 APC fee funded by the EC FP7 Post-Grant Open Access PilotPeer reviewe

Large Electric Dipole Moments of Heavy Leptons

In many models of CP violation, the electric dipole moments (EDMs) of leptons scale as the cube of the lepton mass. In these models, the EDM of a 100 GeV heavy lepton would be a billion times greater than that of the muon, and could be as large as a 0.01 e-fermi. In other models, in which the heavy leptons have different properties from the lighter generations, a similarly large EDM can be obtained. A large EDM could dominate the electromagnetic properties of heavy leptons. The angular distribution and production cross-section of both charged and neutral heavy leptons with large dipole moments is calculated and discussed. The interesting possibility that a heavy neutrino with a large EDM could leave an ionization track in a drift chamber is investigated.Comment: Discussion expanded extensively to include model-dependence of results. Calculations unchanged. Note Added To Acknowledgments: This paper is dedicated to the memory of Nathan Isgu

TAU-PAIR PRODUCTION VIA PHOTON-PHOTON COLLISIONS AT LEP

We point out that the cross-section for the process $e^+ e^- \to e^+ e^- \tau^+ \tau^-$ at LEP is large enough to allow for a study of the anomalous electromagnetic couplings of the $\tau$ lepton. We show that the present bounds on the magnetic dipole moment can be improved and that competitive bounds can be obtained for the electric dipole moment using the data taken from 1992 to 1994. Finally, we briefly discuss the improvements that can be obtained at LEP II.Comment: 9 pages, latex, 2 figure

Accurate placement of epiescleral plaque in brachytherapy of choroideal melanoma

Salvadó Jassans, JosepPla general de l'obra: A Lluís Millet. Es veu la figura, en bronze, del músic i fundador de l'Orfeó Català, en el gest de dirigir. Està situada a l'exterior del Palau de la Música Catalana