215 research outputs found
A New pH-ISFET Based Dissolved Oxygen Sensor
A new dissolved oxygen sensor based on pH-ISFET has been discussed. A platinum working electrode surrounding a pH-sensing gate of the pH-ISFET electrolyzes dissolved oxygen, resulting in a corresponding pH change. The pH-ISFET can determine dissolved oxygen concentration through detecting this pH change. --Summar
Short-Term Effects of Combined Serial Casting and Botulinum Toxin Injection for Spastic Equinus in Ambulatory Children with Cerebral Palsy
PURPOSE: The purpose of this paper is to test the hypothesis that combination therapy of serial cast and botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) injection can further enhance the effects of a BTX-A injection in ambulant children with cerebral palsy (CP) who have an equinus foot.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Children in group A (30 legs of 21 children) received a serial casting application after an injection of BTX-A, and children in group B (25 legs of 17 children) received only a BTX-A injection. Assessments were performed before the intervention and 1 month after the intervention.
RESULTS: After the intervention, there were significant improvements in tone, dynamic spasticity, and passive range of motion (ROM) in both groups. However, the changes were greater in group A than in group B. Dimension D (standing) in Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM)-66 was significantly improved in group A but not in group B. On the other hand, there were no significant changes in dimension E (walking, running, jumping) in GMFM-66 in either group.
CONCLUSION: The results of our study suggest that a serial casting application after BTX-A injection can enhance the benefits of BTX-A injection in children with cerebral palsy.ope
Anatomic variations of the T2 nerve root (including the nerve of Kuntz) and their implications for sympathectomy
AbstractObjective: The aim of this study was to clarify the anatomic variations of the intrathoracic nerve of Kuntz, and this should help delineate the resection margins during video-assisted thoracic sympathectomy. Methods: Sixty-six thoracic sympathetic chains of 39 adult Korean cadavers were dissected on both sides of the thorax in 27 cadavers (54 sides) and on one side in 12 cadavers (12 sides). Results: The intrathoracic nerve was observed in 45 (68.2%) sides and was present bilaterally in 48.1% of cadavers. No intrathoracic nerve or ascending ramus communicans arising from the second thoracic nerve was observed in only 5 (7.6%) sides. The diameter of the intrathoracic nerve was 1.25 ± 0.55 mm on average. The arising point of the intrathoracic nerve from the second thoracic nerve was 7.3 mm on average from the sympathetic trunk. Presence of the stellate ganglion was noted in 56 (84.8%) sides, and 6 (9.1%) sides showed a single large ganglion formed by the stellate and the second thoracic sympathetic ganglia. The second thoracic sympathetic ganglion was most commonly located (50%) in the second intercostal space. Conclusion: The anatomic variations of the intrathoracic nerve of Kuntz and the second thoracic sympathetic ganglion were characterized in human cadavers. It is hoped that this study will help to improve the recurrence of symptoms caused by the intrathoracic nerve in an upper thoracic sympathectomy for hyperhidrosis.J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2002;123:498-50
Atomic arrangement of van der Waals heterostructures using X-ray scattering and crystal truncation rod analysis
Vanadium diselenide (VSe2) has intriguing physical properties such as
unexpected ferromagnetism at the two-dimensional limit. However, the
experimental results for room temperature ferromagnetism are still
controversial and depend on the detailed crystal structure and stoichiometry.
Here we introduce crystal truncation rod (CTR) analysis to investigate the
atomic arrangement of bilayer VSe2 and bilayer graphene (BLG) hetero-structures
grown on a 6H-SiC(0001) substrate. Using non-destructive CTR analysis, we were
able to obtain electron density profiles and detailed crystal structure of the
VSe2/BLG heterostructures. Specifically, the out-of-plane lattice parameters of
each VSe2 layer were modulated by the interface compared to that of the bulk
VSe2 1T phase. The atomic arrangement of the VSe2/BLG heterostructure provides
deeper understanding and insight for elucidating the magnetic properties of the
van der Waals heterostructure.Comment: 17 pages, 4 figure
Avoid Contamination in Soybean (Glycine Max, L. [Merrill]) Microspores Culture
Microspore culture is done to obtain pure strains. The purpose of soybean microspore culture to obtainquality seeds. Two important step that must be done is isolation of microspores in starvation medium andsubculture into embryogenesis medium. Many factors contributing to the contamination of soybeanmicrospore culture. Contamination in the B medium temperature 34 0C is more common than 4 0C. Vulnerableto contamination because of embryogenesis medium rich in nutrients. Bacterial contaminationcan be caused by internal contaminants such as shape of the anther. Other internal contaminants thatcause diseases such as fungi Colletotrichum truncatum and Phakopsora pachyrhizi. Antagonistic fungiwhich contaminate cultures that Trichoderma spp., Alternaria spp., Fusarium spp. Handling of contaminationis done by selecting the appropriate methods in order to remain viable microspores. Sterilization soybeanflower buds with 20% Tween for 10 minutes and then rinsed with distilled water. Moreover sterilizationwith 4% Hg Cl2 and 10% NaOCl for 10 minutes, rinsed with distilled water times, followed by 96%alcohol for 1 minute, can press up to 70% contamination
Machine-learning-assisted analysis of transition metal dichalcogenide thin-film growth
In situ reflective high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) is widely used to
monitor the surface crystalline state during thin-film growth by molecular beam
epitaxy (MBE) and pulsed laser deposition. With the recent development of
machine learning (ML), ML-assisted analysis of RHEED videos aids in
interpreting the complete RHEED data of oxide thin films. The quantitative
analysis of RHEED data allows us to characterize and categorize the growth
modes step by step, and extract hidden knowledge of the epitaxial film growth
process. In this study, we employed the ML-assisted RHEED analysis method to
investigate the growth of 2D thin films of transition metal dichalcogenides
(ReSe2) on graphene substrates by MBE. Principal component analysis (PCA) and
K-means clustering were used to separate statistically important patterns and
visualize the trend of pattern evolution without any notable loss of
information. Using the modified PCA, we could monitor the diffraction intensity
of solely the ReSe2 layers by filtering out the substrate contribution. These
findings demonstrate that ML analysis can be successfully employed to examine
and understand the film-growth dynamics of 2D materials. Further, the ML-based
method can pave the way for the development of advanced real-time monitoring
and autonomous material synthesis techniques.Comment: 21 pages, 4 figure
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