Developing Gradient Boosting Machine Learning Model For Predicting Headaches Among Adult Headache Patients

Background – Headache is one of the significant public health threats in the world. Patients often face difficulties preparing for medications before headache attacks due to their unexpected nature. A headache diary was previously employed in studies to develop a machine-learning prediction model. However, previous research used variables related to a narrow range of topics or used ensemble methods where the decision trees were not added sequentially. Therefore, this study aimed to use a gradient-boosting approach to find factors from a headache diary with a broader range of factors with strong predictive values for headache prediction.Methods – The three-month headache diary data were collected thrice daily using the Status/Post Apple device application. A total of 23 adult patients’ self-reported data was used in a gradient-boosted classification machine-learning model. The primary outcome measure was the self-reported absence/presence of a headache, and the features used were self-reported symptoms and lifestyle variables asked in a headache diary. Results – The gradient-boosting classifier model’s area under the curve (AUC) for 23 adult headache patients was 0.94, which shows a strong differentiating ability between the probability of having a headache and not having a headache. Also, the model’s ability to accurately predict headaches was 0.80, shown by the F1 score of the model. The study also discovered that premonitory symptom variables were more predictive than others. Conclusion – This study shows that future headache attacks can be accurately predicted for adult headache patients using the GBM classification model. Additional research is needed to explore whether the model can be used in other populations and whether a strong predictive model with fewer and stronger predictive variables found in this study can be developed. Keywords: Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Headache, Migraine, Prediction, Machine Learnin

Phosphorylation of α-syntrophin is responsible for its subcellular localization and interaction with dystrophin in muscle cells

Syntrophin is a well-known adaptor protein that links intracellular proteins with the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC) at the sarcolemma. However, little is known about the underlying mechanism that regulates the intracellular localization of α-syntrophin and its interaction with dystrophin. In this study, we demonstrate that α-syntrophin phosphorylation determines its intracellular localization and interaction with dystrophin in muscle cells. α-Syntrophin, a predominant isoform in skeletal muscles, directly interacts with ion channels, enzymes, receptors, and DGC proteins. Despite α-syntrophin being a potential signaling molecule, most studies focus on its function as a dystrophin-associated protein. However, we previously reported that α-syntrophin has a variety of DGC-independent functions to modulate cell migration, differentiation, survival, and protein stability. According to the results of the in vitro phosphorylation assays using subcellular fractions, the phosphorylated α-syntrophin accumulated only at the plasma membrane, and this event occurred regardless of dystrophin expression. However, the α-syntrophin interacting with dystrophin at the membrane was not in a phosphorylated state. We also identified that protein kinase C (PKC) was involved in the phosphorylation of α-syntrophin, which restricted α-syntrophin to interact with dystrophin. In conclusion, we demonstrate that the phosphorylation of α-syntrophin by PKC regulates its intracellular localization and interaction with dystrophin

Phosphorylation of α-syntrophin is responsible for its subcellular localization and interaction with dystrophin in muscle cells

79-85Syntrophin is a well-known adaptor protein that links intracellular proteins with the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC) at the sarcolemma. However, little is known about the underlying mechanism that regulates the intracellular localization of α-syntrophin and its interaction with dystrophin. In this study, we demonstrate that α-syntrophin phosphorylation determines its intracellular localization and interaction with dystrophin in muscle cells. α-Syntrophin, a predominant isoform in skeletal muscles, directly interacts with ion channels, enzymes, receptors, and DGC proteins. Despite α-syntrophin being a potential signaling molecule, most studies focus on its function as a dystrophin-associated protein. However, we previously reported that α-syntrophin has a variety of DGC-independent functions to modulate cell migration, differentiation, survival, and protein stability. According to the results of the in vitro phosphorylation assays using subcellular fractions, the phosphorylated α-syntrophin accumulated only at the plasma membrane, and this event occurred regardless of dystrophin expression. However, the α-syntrophin interacting with dystrophin at the membrane was not in a phosphorylated state. We also identified that protein kinase C (PKC) was involved in the phosphorylation of α-syntrophin, which restricted α-syntrophin to interact with dystrophin. In conclusion, we demonstrate that the phosphorylation of α-syntrophin by PKC regulates its intracellular localization and interaction with dystrophin

The phosphoinositide 3-kinase-dependent activation of Btk is required for optimal eicosanoid production and generation of reactive oxygen species in antigen-stimulated mast cells

Activated mast cells are a major source of the eicosanoids PGD(2) and leukotriene C(4) (LTC(4)), which contribute to allergic responses. These eicosanoids are produced following the ERK1/2-dependent activation of cytosolic phospholipase A(2), thus liberating arachidonic acid, which is subsequently metabolized by the actions of 5-lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase to form LTC(4) and PGD(2), respectively. These pathways also generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), which have been proposed to contribute to FcepsilonRI-mediated signaling in mast cells. In this study, we demonstrate that, in addition to ERK1/2-dependent pathways, ERK1/2-independent pathways also regulate FcepsilonRI-mediated eicosanoid and ROS production in mast cells. A role for the Tec kinase Btk in the ERK1/2-independent regulatory pathway was revealed by the significantly attenuated FcepsilonRI-dependent PGD(2), LTC(4), and ROS production in bone marrow-derived mast cells of Btk(-/-) mice. The FcepsilonRI-dependent activation of Btk and eicosanoid and ROS generation in bone marrow-derived mast cells and human mast cells were similarly blocked by the PI3K inhibitors, Wortmannin and LY294002, indicating that Btk-regulated eicosanoid and ROS production occurs downstream of PI3K. In contrast to ERK1/2, the PI3K/Btk pathway does not regulate cytosolic phospholipase A(2) phosphorylation but rather appears to regulate the generation of ROS, LTC(4), and PGD(2) by contributing to the necessary Ca(2+) signal for the production of these molecules. These data demonstrate that strategies to decrease mast cell production of ROS and eicosanoids would have to target both ERK1/2- and PI3K/Btk-dependent pathways

ICE HOCKEY DATABASE SCHEMA DESIGN: FOR NATIONAL TEAM\u27S BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS

This study presented database schema to manage ice hockey data shown in official record of World Championships. We selected data fields to design database schema considering which fields were contributing to the victory. We also sorted all fields into six tables to reflect the elements of ice hockey games; Game Information, Team Information, Offensice Stats, Defence Stats, Face-off Stats, Time On Ice Stats. This study was a prior research designing database schema in which the analysis of ice hockey official record is used to advance from statistical models to data science techniques. After storing raw data pre-processed into the database, researcher can analyze biomechanically to improve performance

Anti-periodic solutions to a parabolic hemivariational inequality

summary:In this paper we deal with the anti-periodic boundary value problems with nonlinearity of the form $b(u)$, where $b\in L^{\infty }_{{\rm loc}}({R}).$ Extending $b$ to be multivalued we obtain the existence of solutions to hemivariational inequality and variational-hemivariational inequality

The Evaluation of CP-001 (a Standardized Herbal Mixture of Houttuynia cordata

In the present study, the effect of CP-001, a standardized herbal mixture of Houttuynia cordata, Rehmannia glutinosa, Betula platyphylla, and Rubus coreanus, on cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme-mediated drug metabolism was investigated in vitro to evaluate the potential for herb-drug interactions. CP-001 was tested at concentrations of 1, 3, 10, 30, and 100 μg/mL. A CYP-specific substrate mixture was incubated with CP-001 in human liver microsomes, and the metabolites generated by each CYP-specific metabolic reaction were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. CP-001 seemed to slightly inhibit some CYP isozymes, but the IC50 values for all CYP isozymes were greater than 100 μg/mL. Furthermore, CP-001 did not exhibit time-dependent CYP inhibitory activities, indicating that it does not act as a mechanism-based inactivator of CYP enzymes. In conclusion, the effects of CP-001 on CYP isozyme activities were negligible at the concentrations tested. Therefore, the likelihood of herbal mixture-drug interaction is considered minimal

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE BALL VELOCITY AND UPPER EXTREMITY KINEMATICS DURING AN OVERARM THROWING SELF-PRACTICE PROGRAM

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the ball velocity and upper extremity kinematics in inexperienced individuals during a 5 weeks selfpractice overarm throwing. Seven women participated in this study. Participants performed 15 overarm throwing 3 days in a week for 5 weeks. The relationship between the ball velocity and the first-last week overarm throwing upper extremity kinematics data (maximum angles and angular velocities) were statistically analyzed using Spearman’s rho. Results showed there was weak to moderate relationship for both maximum angles and angular velocities of trunk, shoulder, and elbow. Rotational movements of upper extremities should be prioritized at the early stages of throwing skills acquisitions

Impact of mechanical stretch on the cell behaviors of bone and surrounding tissues

Mechanical loading is recognized to play an important role in regulating the behaviors of cells in bone and surrounding tissues in vivo. Many in vitro studies have been conducted to determine the effects of mechanical loading on individual cell types of the tissues. In this review, we focus specifically on the use of the Flexercell system as a tool for studying cellular responses to mechanical stretch. We assess the literature describing the impact of mechanical stretch on different cell types from bone, muscle, tendon, ligament, and cartilage, describing individual cell phenotype responses. In addition, we review evidence regarding the mechanotransduction pathways that are activated to potentiate these phenotype responses in different cell populations