395 research outputs found
Prevalence, incidence and etiology of hyponatremia in elderly patients with fragility fractures
Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Prognosis of hyponatremia in elderly patients with fragility fractures
Funding This work is supported by an NHS Research Scotland (NRS) Career Research Fellowship to Dr Soiza.Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Electrochemical Detection of Nanoscale Phase Separation in Binary Self-Assembled Monolayers
Developing methods to probe the nature and structure of nanoscale environments continues to be a challenge in nanoscience. We report a cyclic voltammetry investigation of internal, hydrogen-bond driven phase separation of amide-containing thiols and alkane thiols. Amide-containing thiols with a terminal ferrocene carboxylate functional group were investigated in two binary monolayers, one homogeneously mixed and the other phase separated. The electrochemical response of the ferrocene probe was used to monitor adsorbate coverage, environment and phase separation within each of these monolayers. The results demonstrate that the behavior of ferrocene containing monolayers can be used to probe nanoscale organization
Molecular gut-content analysis reveals high frequency of \u3ci\u3eHelicoverpa zea\u3c/i\u3e (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) consumption by \u3ci\u3eOrius insidiosus\u3c/i\u3e (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) in sweet corn
Management of corn earworm Helicoverpa zea in sweet corn grown for processing can be challenging due to the lack of effective transgenic and chemical control options. However, biological control by generalist predators can provide a significant impact on pests in this cropping system. One of the most ubiquitous predators of H. zea and other lepidopterans is the insidious flower bug, Orius insidiosus. This small hemipteran has been observed as an important mortality agent of H. zea in several cropping systems, but the strength of the trophic connection between these species has not been documented in sweet corn. Molecular gut-content analysis was conducted to test field-collected O. insidiosus for the presence of H. zea DNA using species-specific PCR primers developed and optimized for this project. Controlled feeding trials determined that the detectability half-life of this technique was 2.32 h. At peak predation in late August, 32% of O. insidiosus tested positive for H. zea DNA. The date of peak predation also corresponded with peak silking of sweet corn plants, which is the most attractive crop growth stage to both H. zea and O. insidiosus. These results indicate that within a short window prior to collection from the field, on the peak date of predation, approximately one third of O. insidiosus in sweet corn had consumed one to two H. zea eggs and/or first instar larvae. The demonstration of this high frequency of predation allows for the assertion that O. insidiosus is a critical mortality agent of H. zea in sweet corn, and conservation biological control practices should be explored to protect and promote this key predator
Maximizing geographical efficiency : An analysis of the configuration of Colorado’s trauma system
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The data used for this study were supplied by the Health Facilities and Emergency Medical Services Division of the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, which specifically disclaims responsibility for any analyses, interpretations, or conclusions it has not provided. The data used for this study were supplied by the Health Facilities and Emergency Medical Services Division of the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, which specifically disclaims responsibility for any analyses, interpretations, or conclusions it has not provided.Peer reviewedPostprin
Strongly lensed [O III] emitters at Cosmic Noon with Roman: Characterizing extreme emission line galaxies on star cluster complex scales (100 pc)
Extreme emission line galaxies (EELGs) are considered the primary contributor
to cosmic reionization and are valuable laboratories to study the astrophysics
of massive stars. It is strongly expected that Roman's High Latitude Wide Area
Survey (HLWAS) will find many strongly gravitationally lensed [O III] emitters
at Cosmic Noon (1 < z < 2.8). Roman imaging and grism spectroscopy alone will
simultaneously confirm these strong lens systems and probe their interstellar
medium (ISM) and stellar properties on small scales ( 100 pc).
Moreover, these observations will synergize with ground-based and space-based
follow-up observations of the discovered lensed [O III] emitters in
multi-wavelength analyses of their properties (e.g., massive stars and possible
escape of ionizing radiation), spatially resolved on the scales of individual
star cluster complexes. Only Roman can uniquely sample a large number of lensed
[O III] emitters to study the small scale (~ 100 pc) ISM and stellar properties
of these extreme emission line galaxies, detailing the key physics of massive
stars and the ISM that govern cosmic reionization.Comment: Submitted in response to the call for Roman Telescope CCS white
paper
Effects of naltrexone on cortisol levels in heavy drinkers
The primary objectives of this study were to: (a) examine the neuroendocrine effects of naltrexone vs. placebo by comparing serum cortisol levels; and (b) test the biobehavioral correlates of naltrexone-induced changes in cortisol. Non-treatment seeking heavy drinkers (n = 37) completed two intravenous alcohol administrations, one after naltrexone (50 mg) and one after placebo. Cortisol levels were measured at baseline and after alcohol intake (BrAC = 0.06 g/dl) on both sessions, as were subjective responses to alcohol. Analyses revealed that naltrexone significantly raised overall cortisol levels compared to placebo. Cortisol levels decreased during alcohol administration and a stronger decrease was observed in the naltrexone condition. Cortisol levels were, in turn, inversely related to some of alcohol's the reinforcing effects (i.e., alcohol 'high,' vigor) and positively associated with some of its unpleasant effects (i.e., sedation and subjective intoxication). These results suggest that naltrexone alters cortisol levels in heavy drinkers and that its effects on subjective responses to alcohol may be related, in part, to naltrexone's ability to activate the HPA-axis
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Three-Electrode Study of Electrochemical Ionomer Degradation Relevant to Anion-Exchange-Membrane Water Electrolyzers
Among existing water electrolysis (WE) technologies, anion-exchange-membrane water electrolyzers (AEMWEs) show promise for low-cost operation enabled by the basic solid-polymer electrolyte used to conduct hydroxide ions. The basic environment within the electrolyzer, in principle, allows the use of non-platinum-group metal catalysts and less-expensive cell components compared to acidic-membrane systems. Nevertheless, AEMWEs are still underdeveloped, and the degradation and failure modes are not well understood. To improve performance and durability, supporting electrolytes such as KOH and K2CO3 are often added to the water feed. The effect of the anion interactions with the ionomer membrane (particularly other than OH-), however, remains poorly understood. We studied three commercial anion-exchange ionomers (Aemion, Sustainion, and PiperION) during oxygen evolution (OER) at oxidizing potentials in several supporting electrolytes and characterized their chemical stability with surface-sensitive techniques. We analyzed factors including the ionomer conductivity, redox potential, and pH tolerance to determine what governs ionomer stability during OER. Specifically, we discovered that the oxidation of Aemion at the electrode surface is favored in the presence of CO32-/HCO3- anions perhaps due to the poor conductivity of that ionomer in the carbonate/bicarbonate form. Sustainion tends to lose its charge-carrying groups as a result of electrochemical degradation favored in basic electrolytes. PiperION seems to be similarly negatively affected by a pH drop and low carbonate/bicarbonate conductivity under the applied oxidizing potential. The insight into the interactions of the supporting electrolyte anions with the ionomer/membrane helps shed light on some of the degradation pathways possible inside of the AEMWE and enables the informed design of materials for water electrolysis
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