CONVERGENCE ANALYSIS FOR APPROXIMATING SOLUTION OF VARIATIONAL INCLUSION PROBLEM

This article aims to define a new resolvent operator for variational inclusion problems in the framework of  Banach spaces. We design a rapid algorithm using the resolvent operator to approximate the solution of the variational inclusion problem in Banach spaces. Additionally, we show that the algorithm articulated in this article converges faster than the well-known and notable algorithm due to Fang and Huang. To show the superiority and prevalence of the obtained results, we propound a numerical and computational example upholding our claim.  Lastly, a minimization problem is solved with the help of the proposed algorithm, which is the first attempt in the current context of the study

Study prevalence of peripheral arterial disease in diabetics with coronary artery disease at a large tertiary care teaching hospital in North India

Background: Peripheral arterial disease and coronary artery disease have similar factors. The extent and severity of PAD is significantly associated with presence and severity of CAD.Methods: Patients were interviewed and clinical profile of patients including risk factors of coronary artery disease like diabetes, hypertension, smoking, dyslipidemia, obesity and family history of coronary artery disease were assessed and recorded in the proforma. Information regarding demographics, co morbidity, past history and family history was collected. Physical examination of each patient was carried and basic anthropometric data: height, weight, BMI and blood pressure, peripheral pulses calculated. Investigations both non- invasive and invasive including peripheral angiography were recorded.Results: In this prospective study fifty (50) type 2 diabetes patients admitted with CAD were studied whose mean age was 55.6+8.2 and mean duration of diabetes was 6.8+8.4. In this study none of the patients with PAD had single atherosclerosis risk factors including diabetes. 30% patients were having two risk factors. PAD in in patients with CAD is particularly enhanced by the concomitant occurrence of two or more of these risk factors (p=0.016). Hypertension as a predictor of PAD was statistically significant (p=0.0037). In this study the duration of diabetes was 10 years in 40% of patients with angiographically proven PAD.Conclusions: It was observed that presence and severity CAD was significantly associated with PAD

Clinical and epidemiological profile of the patients with anterior cruciate ligament tear attending a tertiary care hospital at Srinagar

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is the most frequently injured knee ligament especially as regards sports that include movements with sudden direction changes as knee supports body weight during them. The ACL is crucial in stabilizing the knee joint. The objective of the study was to describe the general and clinical profile of the patients having ACL tear. Methods: This was a hospital based cross-sectional observational study. It was conducted on patients with ACL tear presenting to the department of orthopaedics SKIMS medical college and hospital Bemina from-December 2019 to June 2021. Information was obtained about the general characteristics and clinical profile of the patients. Knee stability was assessed by stability tests, Lysholm knee scoring and international knee documentation committee (IKDC) scale. Results: Of the 40 patients, 50% belonged to the age-group of 31-50 years, 90% were males and 57.5% (n=23) were from rural areas. Sports injury was most common 35%. Giving way was the most common presenting symptom (100%) followed by locking (57.5%). Maximum patients 25(62.5%) had a score of 2 for manual Lachman grading, anterior drawer test 28 (70%) and Pivot shift grading 21(52.5%) whereas for Tegner activity level 23 (57.5%) had a score of 3. The mean Lysholm knee scoring was 64.65±6.82 and the mean IKDC scoring was 51.88±6.70. Conclusions: ACL injury is mostly found in young people with active lifestyle. Sports related activities and road traffic accidents are the most common cause of ACL injury. Giving way and locking of the knee are the most common symptoms

Evaluation of Seepage Force and Overall Stability Factor Along Proposed Baghdad Metro Tunnel Across Tigris River

Baghdad Metro is a vital project to fulfill the rapidly increased traffic volume requirements. The proposed metro will connect both sides of Baghdad City, passing under the Tigris River. This study is employed finite elements software (PLAXIS 3D) to evaluate the seepage force developed around the sub-river segment during different construction stages and for other water levels of Tigris. The study found that when the water level changes from maximum to minimum, the developed seepage force decreases by (8 to 13%) and (22 to 27%) respectively. The seepage forces were found to be maximum during the excavation stage. The concrete lining process led to a noticeable reduction in seepage forces at all locations. The study also implemented the strength reduction theory to assess the overall stability of the tunnel. The study shows that the overall stability factor was minimum during the concrete lining process. As the water level decreased, the overall stability factor increased by (5% - 8%).

Stigmatisation in chronic hepatitis B and C infections-time to debunk the myth!

Background: Hepatitis B and C are chronic diseases with mental and social impacts which can result in poor quality of life. The routes of transmission and lack of education among the masses may cause stigmatisation of the affected patients.  The aim of the study was to document the stigmatisation among chronic hepatitis B and C positive patients. Methods: The 242 patients suffering from hepatitis B and C were included in the study. Stigma experienced from relatives, friends, spouse and health care providers was assessed using a semi structured questionnaire. Results: Majority of the patients were males 174 (72%). The 162 (67%) were hepatitis B infected and 76 (32%) were Hepatitis C infected and 4 were dual infected. Male patients were significantly more affected than females in term of changes in lifestyle (86% versus 61%) and changes in relationship with the spouse (89% versus 16%). Significantly more females than males reported feelings of loneliness and isolation (64% versus 30%). Stigma was marked in terms of disease transmission, with 170 (70%) of patients fearing that they could transmit the infection to others. Marital relationships were affected for 52% of married patients. Around 80% unmarried patients were experiencing delay in getting married. Conclusions: Patients comments showed a sense of family and societal discrimination resulting in feelings of disappointment which could be changed by educational interventions, effective patient and family centric awareness and scientific models of approach

Seeing is Believing: A Federated Learning Based Prototype to Detect Wireless Injection Attacks

Reactive injection attacks are a class of security threats in wireless networks wherein adversaries opportunistically inject spoofing packets in the frequency band of a client thereby forcing the base-station to deploy impersonation-detection methods. Towards circumventing such threats, we implement secret-key based physical-layer signalling methods at the clients which allow the base-stations to deploy machine learning (ML) models on their in-phase and quadrature samples at the baseband for attack detection. Using Adalm Pluto based software defined radios to implement the secret-key based signalling methods, we show that robust ML models can be designed at the base-stations. However, we also point out that, in practice, insufficient availability of training datasets at the base-stations can make these methods ineffective. Thus, we use a federated learning framework in the backhaul network, wherein a group of base-stations that need to protect their clients against reactive injection threats collaborate to refine their ML models by ensuring privacy on their datasets. Using a network of XBee devices to implement the backhaul network, experimental results on our federated learning setup shows significant enhancements in the detection accuracy, thus presenting wireless security as an excellent use-case for federated learning in 6G networks and beyond.Comment: 6 pages with 8 figure

Suprapatellar versus infrapatellar approach for intramedullary nailing in tibial shaft fractures

Background: Tibial shaft fractures accounts about 2% of all adult fractures and it is a common traumatic injury caused by high-energy trauma. The intra-medullary nail fixation either by Suprapatellar approach or Infrapatellar approach has been reported to be a successful surgical procedure for the treatment of proximal tibia fractures. Aim was to compare the clinical and functional outcomes of tibial shaft fractures treated with IMN using the suprapatellar and infrapatellar methods. Methods: The present prospective comparative study was conducted to compare the clinical and functional outcomes of tibial shaft fractures managed by Suprapatellar or Infrapatellar intramedullary nailing technique. This study was conducted in the Post Graduate Department of Orthopedics in SKIMS, MCH Bemina, Srinagar for a period of 02 years from May, 2020 to May, 2022. A total of 40 patients with tibial shaft fracture were included in the study. The statistical analysis was done using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, SPSS Inc., v.16). Results: It was observed that the majority of the participants (37.5%) were in 31-40 year’s age group, there were male predominance with the male to female ratio 2.33:1. In SP technique excellent results were observed in 80% of the study subjects whereas in IP technique, 70% patients had excellent results. Conclusions: It is concluded that SP technique shows better results as compared to IP technique in the management of tibial shaft fracture

Kashmiri to English Machine Translation: A Study of Morpho-Syntactic Divergence Patterns

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Taliban: A Bibliometric Investigation

The primary objective of this study is to identify the global research output on Taliban during the period of 25 years spanning from 1996-2020. Specific objectives are to analyze the distribution of literature, publication trends, authorship patterns, institutional productivity, collaboration networks, and prolific funding agencies. The data was harvested from the Web of Science Core Collection. A total of 614 records were retrieved on Taliban having 4416 total citations. The highest output was recorded in 2002, with a share of 7.83% of overall literature. The citation pattern depicted a fluctuating, the highest share being received in the year 2002 (14.47%), followed by the years 2010, 2004, and 2007 with the citation share of 11.03%, 10.67%, and 6.82% respectively. The results depict that among all the countries, the USA is topping the list, contributing almost 47.1% of the total research output followed by the United Kingdom, Pakistan, Australia, and Canada with the publication share of 16.78%, 6.19%, 6.03%, and 4.4% respectively