Implementation of the right to protection of civil rights under martial law

The relevance of the study is conditioned by the peculiarities of martial law and its impact on the implementation of the rights of individuals and legal entities. The issue of giving each person the opportunity to use their powers to protect their benefits, which is guaranteed by the state, in the conditions of martial law, has become of great importance. The paper is aimed at defining and disclosing the concept of “protection of civil rights” and the possibility of its implementation under martial law. The leading methods of research are dialectical and systematic, which allow considering the legal nature of the category “protection”. A systematic approach helped determine the most effective legal ways to protect rights under martial law. The study defines the concept of “protection of civil rights under martial law”, reveals the specifics of the implementation of the right to protect one's rights, considering the peculiarities and restrictions of wartime, examines the most effective ways to protect civil rights and the possibility of their application under martial law, describes the jurisdictional and non-jurisdictional forms of civil rights protection. The theoretical value of the study is to define the concept of “the right to protection of civil rights”, considering the specifics and restrictions caused by martial law, which can become the basis for further scientific research of related issues. The practical value of the study is the disclosure of the specifics of the implementation of the right to protection in the territories where military operations are conducted, and to determine effective forms and methods of protecting civil rights under martial law

Protection of labour as a component of the decent work

Розглянуто складові концепції гідної праці. Гідні умови включають в себе як невід’ємну складову – охорону праці. Виокремлено такі аспекти гідної праці: система цінностей організації, діючи етичні правила в організації, соціальний розвиток працівників, проголошена місія організації.Considered components of the concept of decent work. Decent work includes as an integral part – protection of labour, iidentified following aspects of decent work: the system values of the organization, acting ethical rules in the organization, social development workers, proclaimed mission of the organization.Рассмотрены составляющие концепции достойного труда. Достойный труд включает в себя как неотъемлемую составляющую – охрану труда. Выделены следующие аспекты достойного труда: система ценностей организации, действующие этические правила в организации, социальное развитие работников, провозглашенная миссия организации

A Lock-and-Kill anticancer photoactivated chemotherapy agent: this article is part of a Special Issue celebrating the 50thAnniversary of the American Society for Photobiology

Photosubstitutionally active ruthenium complexes show high potential as prodrugs for the photoactivated chemotherapy (PACT) treatment of tumors. One of the problems in PACT is that the localization of the ruthenium compound is hard to trace. Here, a ruthenium PACT prodrug, [Ru(3)(biq)(STF-31)](PF6 )2 (where 3 = 3-(([2,2':6',2″-ter- pyridin]-4'-yloxy)propyl-4-(pyren-1-yl)butanoate) and biq = 2,2'-biquinoline), has been prepared, in which a pyrene tracker is attached via an ester bond. The proximity between the fluorophore and the ruthenium center leads to fluorescence quenching. Upon intracellular hydrolysis of the ester linkage, however, the fluorescence of the pyrene moiety is recovered, thus demonstrating prodrug cellular uptake. Further light irradiation of this molecule liberates by photosubstitution STF-31, a known cytotoxic nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) inhibitor, as well as singlet oxygen via excitation of the free pyrene chromophore. The dark and light cytotoxicity of the prodrug, embedded in liposomes, as well as the appearance of blue emission upon uptake, were evaluated in A375 human skin melanoma cells. The cytotoxicity of the liposome-embedded prodrug was indeed increased by light irradiation. This work realizes an in vitro proof-of-concept of the lock-and-kill principle, which may ultimately be used to design strategies aimed at knowing where and when light irradiation should be realized in vivo.Seventh Framework Programme (FP7)335879Metals in Catalysis, Biomimetics & Inorganic MaterialsSupramolecular & Biomaterials Chemistr

A Lock-and-Kill anticancer photoactivated chemotherapy agent: this article is part of a Special Issue celebrating the 50thAnniversary of the American Society for Photobiology

Photosubstitutionally active ruthenium complexes show high potential as prodrugs for the photoactivated chemotherapy (PACT) treatment of tumors. One of the problems in PACT is that the localization of the ruthenium compound is hard to trace. Here, a ruthenium PACT prodrug, [Ru(3)(biq)(STF-31)](PF6 )2 (where 3 = 3-(([2,2':6',2″-ter- pyridin]-4'-yloxy)propyl-4-(pyren-1-yl)butanoate) and biq = 2,2'-biquinoline), has been prepared, in which a pyrene tracker is attached via an ester bond. The proximity between the fluorophore and the ruthenium center leads to fluorescence quenching. Upon intracellular hydrolysis of the ester linkage, however, the fluorescence of the pyrene moiety is recovered, thus demonstrating prodrug cellular uptake. Further light irradiation of this molecule liberates by photosubstitution STF-31, a known cytotoxic nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) inhibitor, as well as singlet oxygen via excitation of the free pyrene chromophore. The dark and light cytotoxicity of the prodrug, embedded in liposomes, as well as the appearance of blue emission upon uptake, were evaluated in A375 human skin melanoma cells. The cytotoxicity of the liposome-embedded prodrug was indeed increased by light irradiation. This work realizes an in vitro proof-of-concept of the lock-and-kill principle, which may ultimately be used to design strategies aimed at knowing where and when light irradiation should be realized in vivo