Oral health related quality of life among adults attending periodontal clinic at IIUM Kuantan IIUM

There was lack of local study assessing the oral health related quality of life (OHRQOL) of patients with periodontal diseases. Hence, this study aims to assess the OHRQOL and its associated factors in adult patients who were diagnosed with gingivitis and periodontitis. This was a cross sectional study conducted from May to December 2018 among 100 participants attended Periodontal Clinic, Kulliyyah of Dentistry of International Islamic University of Malaysia (IIUM) using purposive sampling methods. Clinical parameters of participants were recorded by a single examiner then followed by a self-administered questionnaire using the validated short version of Oral Health Impact Profile(S-OHIP) (Malay) to assess the OHRQOL and its associated factors. The OHRQOL of participants were reported using mean and standard deviation. The factors associated with OHRQOL were determined using independent t-test and Spearman correlation test. The mean score for S-OHIP was 14.73 ± 9.24. Participants with periodontitis have higher SOHIP score compared to those with gingivitis. There were significant association between OHRQOL and underlying diabetes mellitus, self-perceived oral health status and self-perceived oral health satisfaction with p value < 0.05. This shows that those with underlying diabetes mellitus have higher S-OHIP score indicated poorer OHRQOL. Meanwhile, those who perceived they have either good or very good oral hygiene and satisfied with their oral health have lower S-OHIP score indicated better OHRQOL. This study found that periodontal diseases have significant association with the OHRQOL. Therefore, reinforcement of oral health education by the dentists is crucial

The outcomes of nonsurgical periodontal therapy: a retrospective study

Aim: In this study, patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) were evaluated to determine the clinical outcomes following nonsurgical periodontal therapy. Materials and Methods: A retrospective assessment of clinical outcomes following nonsurgical periodontal therapy was provided by International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) dental undergraduates. This secondary data analysis of 110 patients with chronic periodontitis were reviewed and clinical data abstracted. Data were analyzed to observe the treatment outcomes of all patients and then were grouped into “responders” or “nonresponders” to assess the correlation between clinical prognostic indicators and the treatment outcome. Results: Significant improvements with all clinical parameters such as plaque score, bleeding on probing (BOP), periodontal probing depth (PPD) >4 mm and >6 mm, and clinical attachment loss were noted on all patients. Deep sites (PPD >4 mm) were significantly higher in smokers and it continued to be in large proportions during the posttreatment period. A great number of smokers and all diabetic patients fall into the nonresponder group. However, this study fails to statistically prove better outcomes in terms of all clinical parameters on the responder group as compared to the nonresponder group as all P values > 0.05. Conclusion: The CP treatments were positively associated with the benefits of nonsurgical therapy by IIUM undergraduates. It is displayed by the improvement in all clinical parameters. In addition, poorer outcomes were portrayed by smokers as reduction of BOP and PPD was not significantly achieved compared to their counterparts. However, patient-specific outcomes were not positively reported due to lack of data

Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment Academicians’ Actual Hours of Workload

AbstractThis paper presents the results of a study on the actual notional hours of workload for academicians at the Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment (FKAB) of University Kebangsaan Malaysia. The study is aimed at ascertaining the hours allocated for teaching, supervising postgraduate and undergraduate students, conducting research, publishing, attending conference, providing consultation as well as public services. The study involved 29 academicians comprising Professors, Associate Professors, and lecturer (with and without PhD) from all five departments namely Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Electrical, Electronics and Systems Engineering, Civil and Structural Engineering, Chemical and Process Engineering and Architecture. The time allocated by each respondent for teaching:research:services is compared to the percentage agreed in the academicians Performance Assessment Report (LNP), that is 30%:60%:10%. Results from the study indicated that 62.1% of the respondents devoted 40hours more than the designated time per week. This issue is critical and has to be rectified in a systematic and strategic manne

Oral health related quality of life among adults attending periodontal clinic at IIUM Kuantan

There was lack of local study assessing the oral health related quality of life (OHRQOL) of patients with periodontal diseases. Hence, this study aims to assess the OHRQOL and its associated factors in adult patients who were diagnosed with gingivitis and periodontitis. This was a cross sectional study conducted from May to December 2018 among 100 participants attended Periodontal Clinic, Kulliyyah of Dentistry of International Islamic University of Malaysia (IIUM) using purposive sampling methods. Clinical parameters of participants were recorded by a single examiner then followed by a self-administered questionnaire using the validated short version of Oral Health Impact Profile(S-OHIP) (Malay) to assess the OHRQOL and its associated factors. The OHRQOL of participants were reported using mean and standard deviation. The factors associated with OHRQOL were determined using independent t-test and Spearman correlation test. The mean score for S-OHIP was 14.73 ± 9.24. Participants with periodontitis have higher S-OHIP score compared to those with gingivitis. There were significant association between OHRQOL and underlying diabetes mellitus, self-perceived oral health status and self-perceived oral health satisfaction with p value < 0.05. This shows that those with underlying diabetes mellitus have higher S-OHIP score indicated poorer OHRQOL. Meanwhile, those who perceived they have either good or very good oral hygiene and satisfied with their oral health have lower S-OHIP score indicated better OHRQOL. This study found that periodontal diseases have significant association with the OHRQOL. Therefore, reinforcement of oral health education by the dentists is crucial

Epstein-barr virus positive primary sinonasal nasopharyngeal-type undifferentiated carcinoma: a distinct entity

Primary sinonasal nasopharyngeal-type undifferentiated carcinoma (PSNPC) is a rare variant of the sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (SNUC). The histological classification has implications on its management. We report a case of a 32 year old lady who presented with progressive nasal obstruction due to a sinonasal tumour. Endoscopic excision was performed and examination confirmed PSNPC with positive Epstein Barr virus in-situ hybridisation. Identification and recognition of PSNPC as a separate clinicopathological entity from SNUC is important as it dictates the management of this rare variant. Immunohistochemical analysis is invaluable in this endeavor

Burden of mental disorders by gender in Pakistan: analysis of Global Burden of Disease Study data for 1990–2019

Aims and method We aimed to examine the burden of mental disorders in Pakistan over the past three decades. We used the crude data of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study database (1990–2019) to represent burden. Data were retrieved on 26 January 2021. Data for adults of reproductive age (aged 15–49 years) were analysed to discuss and interpret the disease burden. An analysis was conducted on total DALYs separately for the genders for ten mental disorders reported in Pakistan. Results DALYs increased drastically with the onset of reproductive age. Depressive disorder was the most reported mental disorder, contributing 3.13% (95% CI 2.25–4.24) of total DALYs, and varied significantly between genders: females 3.89% (95% CI 2.73–5.29) versus males 2.37% (95% CI 1.62–3.25). Clinical implications A nationwide high-quality epidemiological surveillance system should be implemented to monitor mental disorders and offer culturally appropriate preventive services

Design Of Class-E Rectifier With DC-DC Boost Converter

This paper presents the design of Class-E rectifier with dc-to-dc boost converter. In this paper, Class E synchronous rectifier that regulates the output voltage at a fixed switching frequency of 1 MHz is presented by a dc-dc power conversion. The experimental prototype has been built and evaluated. The converter achieved 83.33 percent efficiency with less than 5 percent of ripple percentage of the rectifier. This integrated power converter with class E rectifier provides a low loss operation suitable for Very High Frequency (VHF) applications

Burden of mental disorders by gender in Pakistan: analysis of Global Burden of Disease Study data for 1990–2019

Aims and method We aimed to examine the burden of mental disorders in Pakistan over the past three decades. We used the crude data of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study database (1990–2019) to represent burden. Data were retrieved on 26 January 2021. Data for adults of reproductive age (aged 15–49 years) were analysed to discuss and interpret the disease burden. An analysis was conducted on total DALYs separately for the genders for ten mental disorders reported in Pakistan. Results DALYs increased drastically with the onset of reproductive age. Depressive disorder was the most reported mental disorder, contributing 3.13% (95% CI 2.25–4.24) of total DALYs, and varied significantly between genders: females 3.89% (95% CI 2.73–5.29) versus males 2.37% (95% CI 1.62–3.25). Clinical implications A nationwide high-quality epidemiological surveillance system should be implemented to monitor mental disorders and offer culturally appropriate preventive services

Evaluation of hybrid ocean thermal energy conversion system plantwide performance

Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) is a renewable energy source in which energy is produced by converting the heat stored in the sea or the ocean thermal energy into valuable work, based on the temperature difference between the warm surface seawater and the cold deep seawater. One of the OTEC system requirements is to have a seawater temperature difference at a minimum of 20 °C within a depth of 1000 m below sea level. Recognizing the importance of optimum sea water temperature, several studies have been conducted to optimize the OTEC system. However, none of these studies was attempted under a hybrid ocean thermal energy conversion (H-OTEC) setup. A H-OTEC system is a combination of closed-cycle and open-cycle OTEC system. The objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of the H-OTEC process system based on the impact of seawater temperature variation by simulating H-OTEC process system. Aspen HYSYS was used as a chemical process simulation platform for conducting this study. After the model was completed, verification test was conducted before the simulated data was recorded. The data for the pump work input and the turbine work output were acquired to determine the net power output and system efficiency. The net power output, Carnot efficiency, and thermal efficiency were recorded approximately 1.39 kW, 5.7%, and 1.45%. The data for net power output and the efficiencies of the system was recorded for every 1 °C of increment in surface seawater temperature. The results showed that the net power output increased slightly by 0.5kW, with efficiency difference for both Carnot cycle and actual cycle, recorded to be less than 3% and 0.1% respectively

Hepatoprotective activity of methanol extract of Melastoma malabathricum leaf in rats

The present study aimed to determine the hepatoprotective activity of a methanol extract of Melastoma malabathricum leaves (MEMM) using two established rat models. Ten groups of rats (n = 6) were given a once-daily administration of 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (negative control), 200 mg/kg silymarin (positive control), or MEMM (50, 250, or 500 mg/kg) for 7 days followed by induction of hepatotoxicity either using paracetamol or carbon tetrachloride. Blood samples and livers were collected for biochemical and microscopic analysis. Based on the results obtained, MEMM exhibited a significant (p < 0.05) hepatoprotective activity against both inducers, as indicated by an improvement in the liver function test. These observations were supported by the histologic findings. In conclusion, M. malabathricum leaves possessed hepatoprotective activity, which could be linked to their phytochemical constituents and antioxidant activity; this therefore requires further in-depth studies