Get fit, feel great, look amazing! Regulation of exercise behaviour and body image in women

Exercising to improve one’s appearance has been consistently associated with negative body image (e.g., Tiggemann & Williamson, 2000). However, little is known about either the processes underlying this association, or the causal direction of the effects. This thesis draws upon both self-determination theory (SDT; Deci & Ryan, 2000) and objectification theory (Fredrickson & Roberts, 1997) in order to investigate the role of regulations for exercise and self-objectification in the link between appearance goals and body image. The thesis examines both individual variations in these constructs, and their influences on body image among young women, utilising cross-sectional, longitudinal and experimental methodologies with both student samples and a community sample of gym-users (Chapter 2 and 3). It also considers factors in the exercise environment that can influence regulations of behaviour and feelings of self-objectification, using the physical education classes of adolescent girls as an exemplar (Chapter 4 and 5), drawing upon recent work on objectifying environments (Moffitt & Syzmanski, 2011) and the existing self-determination theory literature on motivation in physical education. The four empirical papers highlight in particular the importance of introjected, or guilt-based, regulation in the link between appearance goals and negative body image, and illuminate the associations with self-objectification. Furthermore, they highlight the negative impact that an objectifying and non-autonomy supportive environment can have on girls’ engagement in and enjoyment of physical education, and on their body image. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed, in relation to an integration of self-determination and objectification theories as well as the potential for autonomy-supportive, non-objectifying exercise interventions that de-emphasise guilt and emphasise the intrinsic value and joy of physical activity

The impact of a materialistic value orientation on well-being

No description supplie

Making beautiful music: The state of the art in mobile technology and how we can make the most of it in libraries

Mobile technology is in a great state of flux and competition and the bar keeps getting set higher. What models of service are leading the pack? Should libraries be providing mobile devices or rather, should libraries be providing content for any kind of device and leave the choice of device to our patrons? This session will explore the most recent trends so that attendees can get a sense of the marketplace and what might work best in their own context. Many libraries are experimenting with handheld readers such as Kindle, Nook and iPads, and at the same time testing out various platforms to deliver e-content (such as Overdrive and 3-M Cloud Library)

Fall Town Hall on Research Data Management

This Town Hall was held to share recommendations for Research Data Management at Western that result from a gap analysis to understand the RDM needs at Western, conducted by Athenaeum21, a strategy and technology consultancy engaged by Western for this work. The recommendations will inform the implementation of Western’s Research Data Management Strategy, which shapes Research Data Management at Western for all researchers, grant funded or not, student or faculty, regardless of discipline

'I just feel so guilty': the role of introjected regulation in linking appearance goals for exercise with women’s body image

Appearance goals for exercise are consistently associated with negative body image, but research has yet to consider the processes that link these two variables. Self-determination theory offers one such process: introjected (guilt-based) regulation of exercise behavior. Study 1 investigated these relationships within a cross-sectional sample of female UK students (n = 215, 17-30 years). Appearance goals were indirectly, negatively associated with body image due to links with introjected regulation. Study 2 experimentally tested this pathway, manipulating guilt relating to exercise and appearance goals independently and assessing post-test guilt and body anxiety (n = 165, 18-27 years). The guilt manipulation significantly increased post-test feelings of guilt, and these increases were associated with increased post-test body anxiety, but only for participants in the guilt condition. The implications of these findings for self-determination theory and the importance of guilt for the body image literature are discussed

Libraries Respond to Mobile Ubiquity: Research and Assessment of Mobile Device Usage Trends for Academic and Medical Libraries

The authors consider trends in mobile device usage for the Internet as a whole, for EBSCO Discovery Service across all client libraries, and at two specific libraries: Preston Medical Library, serving the University of Tennessee (UT) Graduate School of Medicine and UT Medical Center, and the Joyner Library at East Carolina University, serving students and faculty on the main campus. Librarians at Preston Medical Library conducted a survey to determine which mobile devices, platforms, and apps were used by their patrons in 2012. East Carolina University piloted an iPad and e-reader lending program in 2010–2011. The results of each are being used to guide service planning related to mobile applications, education, and support

BronchUK:protocol for an observational cohort study and biobank in bronchiectasis

Bronchiectasis has been a largely overlooked disease area in respiratory medicine. This is reflected by a shortage of large-scale studies and lack of approved therapies, in turn leading to a variation of treatment across centres. BronchUK (Bronchiectasis Observational Cohort and Biobank UK) is a multicentre, prospective, observational cohort study working collaboratively with the European Multicentre Bronchiectasis Audit and Research Collaboration project. The inclusion criteria for patients entering the study are a clinical history consistent with bronchiectasis and computed tomography demonstrating bronchiectasis. Main exclusion criteria are 1) patients unable to provide informed consent, 2) bronchiectasis due to known cystic fibrosis or where bronchiectasis is not the main or co-dominant respiratory disease, 3) age <18 years, and 4) prior lung transplantation for bronchiectasis. The study is aligned to standard UK National Health Service (NHS) practice with an aim to recruit a minimum of 1500 patients from across at least nine secondary care centres. Patient data collected at baseline includes demographics, aetiology testing, comorbidities, lung function, radiology, treatments, microbiology and quality of life. Patients are followed up annually for a maximum of 5 years and, where able, blood and/or sputa samples are collected and stored in a central biobank. BronchUK aims to collect robust longitudinal data that can be used for analysis into current NHS practice and patient outcomes, and to become an integral resource to better inform future interventional studies in bronchiectasis

Draft genome sequence of the male-killing Wolbachia strain wBol1 reveals recent horizontal gene transfers from diverse sources.

Background The endosymbiont Wolbachia pipientis causes diverse and sometimes dramatic phenotypes in its invertebrate hosts. Four Wolbachia strains sequenced to date indicate that the constitution of the genome is dynamic, but these strains are quite divergent and do not allow resolution of genome diversification over shorter time periods. We have sequenced the genome of the strain wBol1-b, found in the butterfly Hypolimnas bolina, which kills the male offspring of infected hosts during embyronic development and is closely related to the non-male-killing strain wPip from Culex pipiens. Results The genomes of wBol1-b and wPip are similar in genomic organisation, sequence and gene content, but show substantial differences at some rapidly evolving regions of the genome, primarily associated with prophage and repetitive elements. We identified 44 genes in wBol1-b that do not have homologs in any previously sequenced strains, indicating that Wolbachia's non-core genome diversifies rapidly. These wBol1-b specific genes include a number that have been recently horizontally transferred from phylogenetically distant bacterial taxa. We further report a second possible case of horizontal gene transfer from a eukaryote into Wolbachia. Conclusions Our analyses support the developing view that many endosymbiotic genomes are highly dynamic, and are exposed and receptive to exogenous genetic material from a wide range of sources. These data also suggest either that this bacterial species is particularly permissive for eukaryote-to-prokaryote gene transfers, or that these transfers may be more common than previously believed. The wBol1-b-specific genes we have identified provide candidates for further investigations of the genomic bases of phenotypic differences between closely-related Wolbachia strains.Peer reviewe