Unisons in Haydn\u27s String Quartets

In this essay, I build on Janet Levy’s work on the signification of unisons, and that of Armin Raab on their structural functions in Haydn’s quartets to examine how unisons convey meanings in these works. I argue that one of the most salient characteristics of the unison in the quartets is its capacity for both syntactic and semantic ambiguity. I also briefly discuss the peculiar status on the unison in a genre especially valued for its complex “conversational” textures

Sixth Graders Assist Seniors with Letter Writing and Physical Therapy

Sixty students from two 6th grade classes take turns every Friday, visiting with the residents at the Medical Care Facility. Fifteen students are driven over by one parent volunteer and one of the team teachers for a one and one half hour visit. The students interact with the residents in several settings. Some visit bedridden patients and read to them or write letters for them. Activities involving-physical therapy are played in the day room. BINGO became a favorite activity most Fridays. In June, all students involved joined the residents for a picnic lunch, and performed a musical program

Encapsulated Metal Ions: Mononuclear and Binuclear Complexes of Schiff-Base Macrocycles and Cryptands

Schiff-base condensation of 2,6-dlacetylpyridine with diamines on Pb(II) afforded complexes of binucleating [2+2] macrocyclic ligands P (1) and MC (2). The complexes were isolated as the dilead macrocyclic tetrathiocyanate. Interest derives from the unusual binding mode of thiocyanate as a single atom 'N-only' bridge between the pair of lead ions bound by the macrocycle. An X-ray crystallographic structure determination, carried out by Dr. V .McKee, on the dilead MC complex demonstrates the existence of a single thiocyanate 'N-only' bridge between the lead ions. The N-only bridging mode of thiocyanate is retained in derivatives containing two or three triflate anions. Transmetallation of the P complex, Pb2P(NCS)4 with transition metal triflates gave homobinuclear products with M = Cu(II), Co(II) and heterobinuclear Pb/M products with M = Mn(II), Fe(II), Ni(II), whereas transmetallation of the dilead MC complex afforded homobinuclear Cu(II) and Ni(II) complexes and heteroblnuclear complexes with M = Mn(II) and Fe(II). Infrared spectra suggest that the 'N-only' bridging mode of thiocyanate exists between the metal ions in the heterobinuclear MnPbMC and FePbMC complexes and X-ray structural confirmation has been obtained for the manganese/lead MC complex. There was evidence of the existence of heterobinuclear FeCuP and FeCuMC complexes which were formed by metal exchange of the lead ion, in the respective FePb macrocyclic complex, for Cu(I). The cryptand GT, (3) was farmed by Schiff-base condensation of the tripod amine N(CH2CH2NH2)3 with glyoxal, using group (11) metal ions as template. A wide range of metal ion GT cryptates were obtained by transmetallation, including transition metal ion, lanthanide ion and group(1) metal ion cryptates. An X-ray crystal structure of the cobalt(II) GT cryptate has been obtained. Generally the cryptates are mononuclear with respect to the metal ion, an exception being the binuclear copper (I) cryptate. Transmetallation with copper (ID produces either the mononuclear or the dinuclear cryptate depending on conditions employed. The binuclear copper(II) cryptate has a particularly unusual 7-line esr spectrum which suggests formation of a mixed valence Cu(II)/Cu(I) species. Cyclic voltammetry has shown strong stabilisation of the Cu(I) state, with E½ for the reduction lying in the range found for blue copper proteins. Synthesis of transition metal ion complexes by transmetallation of disilver or dilead 3Bp (4), or metal ion insertion into the 3Bp ligand was investigated. Dicobalt(II) and dicopper (I) cryptates of 3Bp were obtained. The corresponding reduced metal-free cryptand, R3Bp (5), gave an interesting series of binuclear complexes of Ni(II), Cu(I), Cu(II) and Co(II). The dicopper(II) and dicobalt(II) cryptates are of particular interest due to the presence of a hydroxo bridge between the metal ions. Attempted insertion of Mn(II) into R3Bp failed but gave the tetraprotonated R3Bp triflate whose structure was crystallographically determined. Attempts to insert metal ions into cryptand 3Bm (6) failed. However insertion of Ni(II) gave ring opening and a pendant arm macrocyclic complex was obtained. The reduced metal-free ligand, R3Bm (7) produced a wider range of complexes, including the dinickel(II), dicopper(II) and dicobalt(II) cryptates. Transition metal complexes throughout, have been characterised using infrared, electronic, and e.s.r. spectroscopy. Magnetic susceptibility measurements and n.m.r. were employed where appropriate. The work described in Chapters 2, 3, 4 and 5 is preceeded by a review of the relevant literature, in Chapter 1

What Is “The Good” Of Arts-Based Peacebuilding? Questions of Value and Evaluation in Current Practice

In a context of growing attention to the benefits of the arts in peacebuilding, this article reports on the findings of a small scoping study that aimed to identify how the arts are perceived and supported by international development agencies. Based on a 2012 analysis of five international aid agencies working in the South East Asia and Pacific region, the study found that arts and creative practices are not, as yet, afforded a significant role in current policy or strategy, although arts activity is recognised as a social development tool by agencies working in partnership with local organisations. Resulting from an analysis of participating agencies’ publicly available documentation, and interviews with staff, arts practitioners and volunteers working in field-based arts projects, this article argues that the value of arts-based interventions in peacebuilding and development is yet to be fully realised. Bringing field experience as well as policy and research backgrounds to the analysis, the authors consider why this might be the case and pose broader questions about the communication, role and influence of evaluation as one factor in this. They argue for a better acknowledgment of the diverse applications and implications of the “use” of the arts within complex social, political, and cultural systems by linking this call with evaluation methodologies that may better reveal the ways in which such projects “raise possibilities” rather than “confirm probabilities.” This article suggests a four-question schema for augmenting the documentation and evaluation of arts-based work to more authentically capture “the good” that may arise from the emergent nature of artmaking itself

The flock

5 p. l., [3]-266 p., 1 l.Describes the history and work of sheepherders in the San Joaquin Valley. They were a varied group of people from Spain, Mexico, France, Germany, and the Basque country. Describes their activities throughout the year. Includes illustrations by E. Boyd Smith.The coming of the flocks -- The sun in Aries -- A shearing -- The hireling shepherd -- The long trail -- The open range -- The flock -- The go-between -- The strife of the herdsmen -- Liers-in-wait -- The sheep and the reserves -- Ranchos Tejon -- The shade of the arrows

Blacklisted Benefactors: The Political Contestation of Non-Market Strategy

This paper explores whether and how contentious stakeholders can disrupt a firm’s non-market strategy. We offer the first systematic study of the effect of public protest on corporate political activity, using a unique database that allows us to empirically analyze the impact of social movement boycotts on targeted firms’ campaign contributions. We show that boycotts lead to significant reductions in the amount of targets’ campaign contributions and increase the proportion of contributions that politicians refund. These results highlight the importance of considering how a firm’s socio-political environment shapes its non-market strategy. We supplement this primary analysis by drawing from social movement theory to extrapolate and test a number of mechanisms that moderate the extent to which movement challenges effectively disrupt corporate political activity

The Power of Situations: An Approach to Understanding Powerlessness and Oppression

Much of the difficulty people have in organizing, directing, and coping with their lives is, perhaps, directly traceable to their lack of awareness of, and erroneous assumptions about, the interactional contexts in which they seem or feel powerless. This is especially true, but not exclusively so, of the poor and ethnic, sexual, and political minorities. To the extent that powerlessness exists and is implicated in the various miseries of existence, the role of social worker as advocate, broker, counselor, or agent of change might profitably and accurately be defined in interactional, structural terms