A Population-Based Surveillance Study of Shared Genotypes of Escherichia coli Isolates from Retail Meat and Suspected Cases of Urinary Tract Infections.

There is increasing evidence that retail food may serve as a source of Escherichia coli that causes community-acquired urinary tract infections, but the impact of this source in a community is not known. We conducted a prospective, population-based study in one community to examine the frequency of recovery of uropathogenic E. coli genotypes from retail meat samples. We analyzed E. coli isolates from consecutively collected urine samples of patients suspected to have urinary tract infections (UTIs) at a university-affiliated health service and retail meat samples from the same geographic region. We genotyped all E. coli isolates by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and tested them for antimicrobial susceptibility. From 2016 to 2017, we cultured 233 E. coli isolates from 230 (21%) of 1,087 urine samples and 177 E. coli isolates from 120 (28%) of 427 retail meat samples. Urine samples contained 61 sequence types (STs), and meat samples had 95 STs; 12 STs (ST10, ST38, ST69, ST80, ST88, ST101, ST117, ST131, ST569, ST906, ST1844, and ST2562) were common to both. Thirty-five (81%) of 43 meat isolates among the 12 STs were from poultry. Among 94 isolates in the 12 STs, 26 (60%) of 43 retail meat isolates and 15 (29%) of 51 human isolates were pan-susceptible (P < 0.005). We found that 21% of E. coli isolates from suspected cases of UTIs belonged to STs found in poultry. Poultry may serve as a possible reservoir of uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC). Additional studies are needed to demonstrate transmission pathways of these UPEC genotypes and their food sources.IMPORTANCE Community-acquired urinary tract infection caused by Escherichia coli is one of the most common infectious diseases in the United States, affecting approximately seven million women and costing approximately 11.6 billion dollars annually. In addition, antibiotic resistance among E. coli bacteria causing urinary tract infection continues to increase, which greatly complicates treatment. Identifying sources of uropathogenic E. coli and implementing prevention measures are essential. However, the reservoirs of uropathogenic E. coli have not been well defined. This study demonstrated that poultry sold in retail stores may serve as one possible source of uropathogenic E. coli This finding adds to a growing body of evidence that suggests that urinary tract infection may be a food-borne disease. More research in this area can lead to the development of preventive strategies to control this common and costly infectious disease

A Population-Based Surveillance Study of Shared Genotypes of Escherichia coli Isolates from Retail Meat and Suspected Cases of Urinary Tract Infections.

There is increasing evidence that retail food may serve as a source of Escherichia coli that causes community-acquired urinary tract infections, but the impact of this source in a community is not known. We conducted a prospective, population-based study in one community to examine the frequency of recovery of uropathogenic E. coli genotypes from retail meat samples. We analyzed E. coli isolates from consecutively collected urine samples of patients suspected to have urinary tract infections (UTIs) at a university-affiliated health service and retail meat samples from the same geographic region. We genotyped all E. coli isolates by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and tested them for antimicrobial susceptibility. From 2016 to 2017, we cultured 233 E. coli isolates from 230 (21%) of 1,087 urine samples and 177 E. coli isolates from 120 (28%) of 427 retail meat samples. Urine samples contained 61 sequence types (STs), and meat samples had 95 STs; 12 STs (ST10, ST38, ST69, ST80, ST88, ST101, ST117, ST131, ST569, ST906, ST1844, and ST2562) were common to both. Thirty-five (81%) of 43 meat isolates among the 12 STs were from poultry. Among 94 isolates in the 12 STs, 26 (60%) of 43 retail meat isolates and 15 (29%) of 51 human isolates were pan-susceptible (P < 0.005). We found that 21% of E. coli isolates from suspected cases of UTIs belonged to STs found in poultry. Poultry may serve as a possible reservoir of uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC). Additional studies are needed to demonstrate transmission pathways of these UPEC genotypes and their food sources.IMPORTANCE Community-acquired urinary tract infection caused by Escherichia coli is one of the most common infectious diseases in the United States, affecting approximately seven million women and costing approximately 11.6 billion dollars annually. In addition, antibiotic resistance among E. coli bacteria causing urinary tract infection continues to increase, which greatly complicates treatment. Identifying sources of uropathogenic E. coli and implementing prevention measures are essential. However, the reservoirs of uropathogenic E. coli have not been well defined. This study demonstrated that poultry sold in retail stores may serve as one possible source of uropathogenic E. coli This finding adds to a growing body of evidence that suggests that urinary tract infection may be a food-borne disease. More research in this area can lead to the development of preventive strategies to control this common and costly infectious disease

Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Non-typhoidal Salmonella From Retail Meat Products in California, 2018.

Non-typhoidal Salmonella remains a leading cause of foodborne illness in the United States, with food animal products serving as a key conduit for transmission. The emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses an additional public health concern warranting better understanding of its epidemiology. In this study, 958 retail meat samples collected from January to December 2018 in California were tested for Salmonella. From multivariable logistic regression, there was a 6.47 (90% CI 2.29-18.27), 3.81 (90% CI 1.29-11.27), and 3.12 (90% CI 1.03-9.45) higher odds of contamination in samples purchased in the fall, spring, and summer than in winter months, respectively, and a 3.70 (90% CI 1.05-13.07) higher odds in ground turkey compared to pork samples. Fourteen distinct serotypes and 17 multilocus sequence types were identified among the 43 isolates recovered, with S. Kentucky (25.58%), S. Reading (18.60%), S. Infantis (11.63%), and S. Typhimurium (9.30%) comprising the top serotypes. High prevalence of resistance was observed in retail chicken isolates for streptomycin (12/23, 52.17%) and tetracycline (12/23, 52.17%), in ground turkey isolates for ampicillin (8/15, 53.34%), and in ground beef isolates for nalidixic acid (2/3, 66.67%). Fourteen (32.56%) were susceptible to all antimicrobials tested, 11 (25.58%) were resistant to one drug, and 12 (27.91%) were resistant to two drugs. The remaining six isolates (13.95%) were multidrug-resistant (MDR, ≥3 drug classes) S. Infantis (n = 4), S. Reading (n = 1), and S. Kentucky (n = 1). Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) identified 16 AMR genes and 17 plasmid replicons, including bla CTX-M-65 encoding ceftriaxone resistance and a D87Y mutation in gyrA conferring resistance to nalidixic acid and reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin. The IncFIB(pN55391) replicon previously identified in connection to the worldwide dissemination of pESI-like mega plasmid carriage in an emerged S. Infantis clone was detected in four of the six MDR isolates. Genotypes from WGS showed high concordance with phenotype with overall sensitivity and specificity of 95.31% and 100%, respectively. This study provides insight into the AMR profiles of a diversity of Salmonella serotypes isolated from retail meat products in California and highlights the value of routine retail food surveillance for the detection and characterization of AMR in foodborne pathogens

Overall survival in the OlympiA phase III trial of adjuvant olaparib in patients with germline pathogenic variants in BRCA1/2 and high-risk, early breast cancer

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