Mechanisms of Humility\u27s Influence on Prosociality

Prosocial behavior is valuable for the people it is meant to help, the people engaging in the behavior, and society in general. However, we do not always behave prosocially. Through three studies (N = 535) this work examined the possibility that resource scarcity might reduce prosocial behavior and that humility might promote prosocial behavior by both reducing the negative effect of scarcity on prosocial behavior, and by its own positive relationship with prosociality. This work further examined facets of humility that might promote prosocial behavior, such as other-orientation, and the roles of state and trait humility. Humility was associated with greater prosocial behavior across three studies, and though the other-oriented nature of the construct is at least partially responsible for this relationship, these studies suggest that other aspects of humility explain unique variance in prosocial giving. A path model that fits the data well suggests that trait humility promotes prosocial behavior by promoting state humility and other-orientation, which themselves are associated with greater degrees of prosocial giving. The effects of scarcity, and any moderating role humility might have, are somewhat unclear as the manipulations used failed to effectively manipulate feelings of resource scarcity

A Dense Reference Network for Mass-Market Centimeter-Accurate Positioning

The quality of atmospheric corrections provided by a dense reference network for centimeter-accurate carrierphase differential GNSS (CDGNSS) positioning is investigated. A dense reference network (less than 20 km inter-station distance) offers significant benefits for mass-market users, enabling lowcost (including single-frequency) CDGNSS positioning with rapid integer ambiguity resolution. Precise positioning on a massmarket platform would significantly influence the world economy, ushering in a host of consumer-focused applications such as globally-registered augmented and virtual reality and improved all-weather safety and efficiency for intelligent transportation systems, applications which have so far been hampered by the several-meter-level errors in standard GNSS positioning. This contribution examines CDGNSS integer ambiguity resolution performance in terms of network correction uncertainty, and network correction uncertainty, in turn, in terms of network density. It considers the total error in network corrections: a sum of ionospheric, tropospheric, and reference station multipath components. The paper’s primary goal is to identify the network density beyond which mass-market users would see no further significant improvement in ambiguity resolution performance. It finishes by describing development and deployment of a low-cost dense reference network in Austin, Texas.Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanic

Bipartite Functional Fractionation within the Default Network Supports Disparate Forms of Internally Oriented Cognition.

Our understanding about the functionality of the brain's default network (DN) has significantly evolved over the past decade. Whereas traditional views define this network based on its suspension/disengagement during task-oriented behavior, contemporary accounts have characterized various situations wherein the DN actively contributes to task performance. However, it is unclear how different task-contexts drive componential regions of the DN to coalesce into a unitary network and fractionate into different subnetworks. Here we report a compendium of evidence that provides answers to these questions. Across multiple analyses, we found a striking dyadic structure within the DN in terms of the profiles of task-triggered fMRI response and effective connectivity, significantly extending beyond previous inferences based on meta-analysis and resting-state activities. In this dichotomy, one subset of DN regions prefers mental activities "interfacing with" perceptible events, while the other subset prefers activities "detached from" perceptible events. While both show a common "aversion" to sensory-motoric activities, their differential preferences manifest a subdivision that sheds light upon the taxonomy of the brain's memory systems. This dichotomy is consistent with proposals of a macroscale gradational structure spanning across the cerebrum. This gradient increases its representational complexity, from primitive sensory-motoric processing, through lexical-semantic representations, to elaborated self-generated thoughts.This research was funded by an MRC programme grant to MALR (MR/R023883/1) and a Sir Henry Wellcome Fellowship (201381/Z/16/Z) to RC

Panel. Faulkner and the Popular Magazine

Programmed for Seduction: Faulkner\u27s Fiction and Men\u27s Magazines of the 1950s / Kristi Rowan Humphreys, Texas Tech UniversityThis study analyzes the use of Faulkner’s fiction in men’s magazines of the 1950s, The Dude: The Magazine Devoted to Pleasure (1956) and The Gent: An Approach to Relaxation (1957). The characters and themes in Faulkner’s stories integrate with the seemingly disconnected adjacent content, thus working toward the magazines’ ultimate goals of seduction. This study contends that an analysis of these integrations—of Faulkner’s short stories and their neighboring content—within both 1957 issues of The Dude and The Gent, reveals the ways in which Faulkner’s fiction has been programmed for seduction.Gearing Up For War: Faulkner\u27s Two Soldiers and The Saturday Evening Post / Jennifer Nolan-Stinson“Two Soldiers,” Faulkner’s story about a young boy’s reaction to his brother’s decision to enlist after Pearl Harbor, appeared as the lead item in the March 28, 1942 issue of The Saturday Evening Post during a period of editorial upheaval and increasingly war-oriented coverage. Looking beyond the text, the advertisements, articles, and even the poetry bombard the reader with evidence of and calls for service. In this context, “Two Soldiers” provides a rare and much-needed expression of Americans’ complex and conflicted feelings about having recently entered the war, which challenges scholarly oversimplifications of the story as unequivocally patriotic or mere pandering. The Most Horrific Tale : Faulkner, Sanctuary and The Shudder Pulps / Matthew R. Vaughn, Jefferson CollegeAlthough Sanctuary is usually considered an example of Faulkner’s “popular” work, its startling combination of pulp horror with modernist technique illustrates the aesthetic affinity between pulp and modernist writing. By reading Sanctuary alongside the pulp horror stories of John H. Knox, I demonstrate the ways in which both horror fiction and Faulkner’s novel combine sensationalism with a modernist subversion of heteronormativity. In Sanctuary and horror fiction, the pleasure of the sensational text is derived not through identification with the villain but through vicarious participation in the distress of the pulp damsel

Overcoming access and equity problems relating to primary health care services in rural and remote Australia

The research program of the CRERRPHC aimed to better understand key access and equity issues relating to the provision of appropriate, effective and high quality primary health care services in rural and remote communities of Australia.The research reported in this paper is a project of the Australian Primary Health Care Research Institute which is supported by a grant from the Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing under the Primary Health Care Research Evaluation and Development Strategy

Deterministic delivery of remote entanglement on a quantum network

Large-scale quantum networks promise to enable secure communication, distributed quantum computing, enhanced sensing and fundamental tests of quantum mechanics through the distribution of entanglement across nodes. Moving beyond current two-node networks requires the rate of entanglement generation between nodes to exceed their decoherence rates. Beyond this critical threshold, intrinsically probabilistic entangling protocols can be subsumed into a powerful building block that deterministically provides remote entangled links at pre-specified times. Here we surpass this threshold using diamond spin qubit nodes separated by 2 metres. We realise a fully heralded single-photon entanglement protocol that achieves entangling rates up to 39 Hz, three orders of magnitude higher than previously demonstrated two-photon protocols on this platform. At the same time, we suppress the decoherence rate of remote entangled states to 5 Hz by dynamical decoupling. By combining these results with efficient charge-state control and mitigation of spectral diffusion, we are able to deterministically deliver a fresh remote state with average entanglement fidelity exceeding 0.5 at every clock cycle of $\sim$100 ms without any pre- or post-selection. These results demonstrate a key building block for extended quantum networks and open the door to entanglement distribution across multiple remote nodes.Comment: v2 - updated to include relevant citatio

Free Fermionic Heterotic Model Building and Root Systems

We consider an alternative derivation of the GSO Projection in the free fermionic construction of the weakly coupled heterotic string in terms of root systems, as well as the interpretation of the GSO Projection in this picture. We then present an algorithm to systematically and efficiently generate input sets (i.e. basis vectors) in order to study Landscape statistics with minimal computational cost. For example, the improvement at order 6 is approximately 10^{-13} over a traditional brute force approach, and improvement increases with order. We then consider an example of statistics on a relatively simple class of models.Comment: Standard Latex, 12 page