553 research outputs found
The Court of Industrial Relations in Kansas
Most of the articles which have heretofore appeared in print in reference to the new Court of Industrial Relations in Kansas have beet taken up with such matters as the nationality of Alexander Howat; president of the \u27Kansas district of the United Mine Workers, the cost and frequency of strikes among miners, the ideals of Governor Henry J. Allen and others responsible for the creation of the new Court and the like. But little has found its way -into print in the way of an exact analysis of the jurisdiction, powers and methods of procedure of this\u27tribunal. Such an analysis is attempted in this article
Departure from Precedent
With the death of the reason for it, every legal doctrine dies.\u27 * * * The fact that the reason for a given rule perished long ago is no just excuse for refusing now to declare the rule itself abrogated, but rather the greater justification for so declaring; and if no, reason ever existed, that fact furnishes additional justification. The doctrine of stare decisis does not preclude a departure from precedent established by a series of decisions clearly erroneous, unless property complications have resulted and a reversal would work a greater injury and injustice than would ensue by following the rule
Bright source of spectrally uncorrelated polarization-entangled photons with nearly single-mode emission
We present results of a bright polarization-entangled photon source operating
at 1552 nm via type-II collinear degenerate spontaneous parametric
down-conversion in a periodically poled potassium titanyl phosphate crystal. We
report a conservative inferred pair generation rate of 123,000 pairs/s/mW into
collection modes. Minimization of spectral and spatial entanglement was
achieved by group velocity matching the pump, signal and idler modes and
through properly focusing the pump beam. By utilizing a pair of calcite beam
displacers, we are able to overlap photons from adjacent down-conversion
processes to obtain polarization-entanglement visibility of 94.7 +/- 1.1% with
accidentals subtracted.Comment: 4 pages, 7 color figures. Revised manuscript includes the following
changes: corrected pair generation rate from 44,000/s/mW pump to 123,000/s/mW
pump; replaced Fig. 1b to enhance clarity; minor alterations to the title,
abstract and introduction; grammatical correction
Relativistic Proton Production During the 14 July 2000 Solar Event: The Case for Multiple Source Mechanisms
Protons accelerated to relativistic energies by transient solar and
interplanetary phenomena caused a ground-level cosmic ray enhancement on 14
July 2000, Bastille Day. Near-Earth spacecraft measured the proton flux
directly and ground-based observatories measured the secondary responses to
higher energy protons. We have modelled the arrival of these relativistic
protons at Earth using a technique which deduces the spectrum, arrival
direction and anisotropy of the high-energy protons that produce increased
responses in neutron monitors. To investigate the acceleration processes
involved we have employed theoretical shock and stochastic acceleration
spectral forms in our fits to spacecraft and neutron monitor data. During the
rising phase of the event (10:45 UT and 10:50 UT) we find that the spectrum
between 140 MeV and 4 GeV is best fitted by a shock acceleration spectrum. In
contrast, the spectrum at the peak (10:55 UT and 11:00 UT) and in the declining
phase (11:40 UT) is best fitted with a stochastic acceleration spectrum. We
propose that at least two acceleration processes were responsible for the
production of relativistic protons during the Bastille Day solar event: (1)
protons were accelerated to relativistic energies by a shock, presumably a
coronal mass ejection (CME). (2) protons were also accelerated to relativistic
energies by stochastic processes initiated by magnetohydrodynamic (MHD)
turbulence.Comment: 38 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical
Journal, January, 200
Preliminary analysis of three cycles for nuclear propulsion of aircraft
A preliminary study was made of the feasibility of three cycles for nuclear propulsion of aircraft: a direct-air-turbojet, a binary liquid-metal turbojet, and a helium compressor jet. All three cycles appeared feasible for flight at a Mach number of 0.9 and altitudes up to 50,000 feet; the liquid-metal cycle appeared feasible for flight at a Mach number of 1.5. The air and helium cycles resulted in heavier aircraft than did the liquid-metal cycle, particularly at a Mach number of 1.5. The relative advantage of the liquid-metal cycle became greater as the flight speed and altitude increased, and as the reactor wall temperature decreased
A stacking-fault based microscopic model for platelets in diamond
We propose a new microscopic model for the planar defects in
diamond commonly called platelets. This model is based on the formation of a
metastable stacking fault, which can occur because of the ability of carbon to
stabilize in different bonding configurations. In our model the core of the
planar defect is basically a double layer of three-fold coordinated
carbon atoms embedded in the common diamond structure. The properties of
the model were determined using {\it ab initio} total energy calculations. All
significant experimental signatures attributed to the platelets, namely, the
lattice displacement along the direction, the asymmetry between the
and the directions, the infrared absorption peak
, and broad luminescence lines that indicate the introduction of
levels in the band gap, are naturally accounted for in our model. The model is
also very appealing from the point of view of kinetics, since naturally
occurring shearing processes will lead to the formation of the metastable
fault.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures. Submitted for publication on August 2nd, 200
Employment loss and food insecurity - race and sex disparities in the context of COVID-19
INTRODUCTION: Applying an intersectional framework, we examined sex and racial inequality in COVID-19-related employment loss (ie, job furlough, layoff, and reduced pay) and food insecurity (ie, quality and quantity of food eaten, food worry, and receipt of free meals or groceries) among residents in Saint Louis County, Missouri.
METHODS: We used cross-sectional data from adults aged 18 or older (N = 2,146), surveyed by using landlines or cellular phones between August 12, 2020, and October 27, 2020. We calculated survey-weighted prevalence of employment loss and food insecurity for each group (Black female, Black male, White female, White male). Odds ratios for each group were estimated by using survey-weighted binary and multinomial logistic regression models.
RESULTS: Black female residents had higher odds of being laid off, as compared with White male residents (OR = 2.61, 95% CI, 1.24-5.46). Both Black female residents (OR = 4.13, 95% CI, 2.29-7.45) and Black male residents (OR = 2.41, 95% CI, 1.15-5.07) were more likely to receive free groceries, compared with White male residents. Black female (OR = 4.25, 95% CI, 2.28-7.94) and White female residents (OR = 1.93, 95% CI, 1.04-3.60) had higher odds of sometimes worrying about food compared with White male residents. Black women also had higher odds of always or nearly always worrying about food, compared with White men (OR = 2.99, 95% CI, 1.52-5.87).
CONCLUSION: Black women faced the highest odds of employment loss and food insecurity, highlighting the disproportionate impact of COVID-19 among people with intersectional disadvantages of being both Black and female. Interventions to reduce employment loss and food insecurity can help reduce the disproportionately negative social effects among Black women
- …