Research on Hydraulic Characteristics in Diversion Pipelines under a Load Rejection Process of a PSH Station

Transient analysis in diversion pipelines should be performed to ensure the safety of a hydropower system. After the establishment of a three-dimensional (3D) geometric model from the part upstream reservoir to the diversion pipeline end in a pumped storage hydropower (PSH) station, the hydraulic characteristics of the diversion system were solved by Reynold average Navier&ndash Stokes (RANS) equations based on a volume of fluid (VOF) method under the condition of simultaneous load rejection of two units. The variations of the water level in the surge tank, the pressure at the pipeline end, and the velocity on the different pipeline sections with time were obtained through the calculation. The numerical results showed that the water level changing in the surge tank simulated by VOF was consistent with the field test data. These results also showed that a self-excited spiral flow occurs in the pipeline when the flow at the end of the pipeline was reduced to zero and its intensity decreased with the flow energy exhaustion. The discovery of the self-excited spiral flow in the study may provide a new explanation for the pressure wave attenuation mechanism. Document type: Articl

A Transient, Neuron-Wide Form of CREB-Mediated Long-Term Facilitation Can Be Stabilized at Specific Synapses by Local Protein Synthesis

AbstractIn a culture system where a bifurcated Aplysia sensory neuron makes synapses with two motor neurons, repeated application of serotonin (5-HT) to one synapse produces a CREB-mediated, synapse-specific, long-term facilitation, which can be captured at the opposite synapse by a single pulse of 5-HT. Repeated pulses of 5-HT applied to the cell body of the sensory neuron produce a CREB-dependent, cell-wide facilitation, which, unlike synapse-specific facilitation, is not associated with growth and does not persist beyond 48 hr. Persistent facilitation and synapse-specific growth can be induced by a single pulse of 5-HT applied to a peripheral synapse. Thus, the short-term process initiated by a single pulse of 5-HT serves not only to produce transient facilitation, but also to mark and stabilize any synapse of the neuron for long-term facilitation by means of a covalent mark and rapamycin-sensitive local protein synthesis

Special modules for R(PSL(2,q))R({\rm PSL}(2,q))

summary:Let $R$ be a fusion ring and $R_\mathbb {C}:=R\otimes _\mathbb {Z}\mathbb {C}$ be the corresponding fusion algebra. We first show that the algebra $R_\mathbb {C}$ has only one left (right, two-sided) cell and the corresponding left (right, two-sided) cell module. Then we prove that, up to isomorphism, $R_\mathbb {C}$ admits a unique special module, which is 1-dimensional and given by the Frobenius-Perron homomorphism FPdim. Moreover, as an example, we explicitly determine the special module of the interpolated fusion algebra $R({\rm PSL}(2,q)):=r({\rm PSL}(2,q))\otimes _\mathbb {Z}\mathbb {C}$ up to isomorphism, where $r({\rm PSL}(2,q))$ is the interpolated fusion ring with even $q\geq 2$