Back To The Farm ? : Alternative diversification strategies among rural dwellers in Java

ABSTRACT Among the students of development processes from various disciplines, the popularity of the study of rural diversification processes, including their rural development ramifications, has been growing rapidly. In this paper it is argued that the concept of rural diversification not only refers to a wide range of different aspects, but that both geographical (i.e. contextual) and conditioning factors play such key roles in these processes that they should be given a central place in research and policy analyses from all disciplines. A case study of a dynamic rural economy in Central Java is presented which attempts to show the different aspects in a concrete setting and to illustrate the important roles played by the factors as identified. Special attention is paid to the impact of diversification on the labour arrangements. A concluding section summarizes the findings and draws attention to the prospects for the future. Lastly, in an epilogue an attempt is made to assess the possible effects of the present crisis on the income situation of the rural households in the study area. Kata Kunci.: farm - diversification - rural

Polymer-Encapsulated Halide Perovskite Color Converters

An easy process to fabricate highly luminescent and color-pure polymer-encapsulated halide perovskite color converters is reported. Methylammonium lead bromide (MAPbBr3) with an additive of amantadine hydrochloride is prepared by dry mechanochemical synthesis together with an encapsulating polymer. (In this report, poly(methyl methacrylate), polystyrene, and polyethylene oxide are investigated.) The composite material is heated and pressed into a thin disk exhibiting strong luminescent properties. By adjusting the weight percentage of the perovskite in the polymer, the disk can be opaque or transmissive. The disks are stable in air for over 2 months. By inserting a secondary emitter, white light can be obtained by illuminating it with a blue light source

An Analytical Model to Determine the Required Charge near Zero Crossings for Zero Voltage Switching on Single-Stage Isolated Three Phase AC/DC Series Resonant Converter

The single-stage isolated three phase AC to DC series resonant converter with optimal trajectory control technique ensures zero voltage switching for all switching events. Zero voltage switching can be achieved through the utilization of resonant current to charge or discharge parasitic and parallel capacitances of the switching node. However, near zero crossings of the resonant current, the resonant current may not be sufficient to completely charge or discharge the parasitic and parallel capacitances. In this research, an analytical model is presented and experimentally verified to determine the required charge near zero crossings for zero voltage switching in the single-stage isolated three phase AC to DC series resonant converte

EMI Reduction in an Interleaved Buck Converter Through Spread Spectrum Frequency Modulation

Spread spectrum frequency modulation is applied in a high-frequency DC/DC power converter to reduce conducted EMI. A new modulation biasing technique is developed to further reduce EMI levels in converters equipped with hardware filters. In the lab, this biasing shows effective shaping of the EMI spectrum