Theoretical Analysis of “Eco-Man” in Sight of Ecological Civilization

The emergence of a new sort of civilization—ecological civilization, is definitely becoming the historical inevitability symbolizing that human beings have stepped into the era of ecological civilization. As a totally brand new type of civilization, ecological civilization is also in need of a new subject carrier—eco-man. Consequently, the development of ecological civilization is accelerating the establishment of the new type eco-man with personality model. This paper defines the concept and characteristics of “eco-man”. The settlement of “eco-man” theory has significant theoretical importance and practical meaning, and it’s especially important and urgent to establish “eco-man” in face of current situation

Feasibility study for downscaling seasonal tropical cyclone activity using the NCEP regional spectral model

The potential use of the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Regional Spectral Model (RSM) for downscaling seasonal tropical cyclone (TC) activity was analyzed here. The NCEP RSM with horizontal resolution of 50 km, was used to downscale the ECHAM4.5 Atmospheric General Circulation Model (AGCM) simulations forced with observed sea surface temperature (SST) over the western North Pacific. An ensemble of ten runs for June–November 1994 and 1998 was studied. The representation of the TCs is much improved compared to the low-resolution forcing AGCM, but the TCs are not as intense as observed ones, as the RSM horizontal resolution is not sufficiently high. The large-scale fields of the RSM are examined and compared to both the AGCM and the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis. The large-scale fields of RSM characteristics are in general similar to those of the reanalysis. Various properties of the TCs in the RSM are also examined such as first positions, tracks, accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) and duration. While the RSM does not reproduce the higher number of TCs in 1994 than in 1998, other measures of TC activity (ACE, number of cyclone days) in the RSM are higher in 1994 than in 1998

Niche analysis of dominant species in alpine desert grassland communities in Qaidam Basin

Community dominant plants and their ecological niche research is the focus of community ecology research. To explore the niche characteristics of desert dominant plants and the relationship between them and soil factors in Qaidam Basin, and to provide a basis for the construction of desert plant communities and the sustainable management of natural resources in Qaidam Basin. Taking 13 desert plant communities in Qaidam Basin, Qinghai Province as the research objects, this paper analyzed the characteristics of desert plant communities and dominant species based on soil physical and chemical properties, and calculated the niche width and niche overlap of dominant plants. The dominant plants are, Haloxylon ammodendron, Tamarix chinensis, Achnatherum splendens, Poacynum hendersonii, Reaumuria songonica, Phragmites australiss, Sympegma regelii, and Ajania Tenuifolia, Artemisia sphaerocephala, Ceratoides latens, Pearl russianthistle, Scirpustriquter. There were different degree of niche overlap among species in the community. In addition, CCA sequencing showed that different species had different requirements on the environment, and the distribution of dominant species was mainly affected by soil total nitrogen and soil organic matter

Optimization Model of Signal-to-Noise Ratio for a Typical Polarization Multispectral Imaging Remote Sensor

The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is an important performance evaluation index of polarization spectral imaging remote sensors. The SNR-estimation method based on the existing remote sensor is not perfect. To improve the SNR of this model, a partial detector check slant direction is presented in this study, and a polarization extinction ratio related to the internal SNR model of a typical multispectral imaging remote sensor is combined with the vector radiative transfer model to construct the atmosphere 6SV–SNR coupling model. The new result is that the central wavelength of the detection spectrum, the observation zenith angle, and the extinction ratio all affect the SNR of the remote sensor, and the SNR increases with the increase in the central wavelength of the detection spectrum. It is proved that the model can comprehensively estimate the SNR of a typical polarization multispectral imaging remote sensor under different detection conditions, and it provides an important basis for the application evaluation of such remote sensors

Crop Water-Saving Potential Based on the Stochastic Distance Function: The Case of Liaoning Province of China

Scientific evaluation of crop water use efficiency is of great significance for ascertaining water-saving potential and realizing efficient utilization of water resources. In this paper, we calculated the water footprint of crop growth, pollution water footprint and production water footprint of 14 cities in Liaoning Province, China, by using the water footprint theory, established the crop water use efficiency model of stochastic frontier distance function, and analyzed the spatial-temporal variation characteristics of crop water use efficiency (WUE), ecological WUE and production WUE. Results show that: (1) the average water footprint of crop growth was 1.714 × 109 m3, the ecological water footprint of crop was 6.26 × 108 m3, and the water footprint of crop production was 2.34 × 109 m3 from 2001 to 2017 for the whole province. (2) the WUE of crop growth was 0.821, the crop ecological WUE was 0.845 and crop production was 0.865, respectively. We concluded that Liaoning province can save 17.9% of crop consumption water, equivalent to 8.38 × 108 m3, 15.5% of ecological water, equivalent to 7.25 × 108 m3 and 13.5% of production water, equivalent to 6.32 × 108 m3 by strengthening the popularization of agricultural high-efficiency water use technology and improving the level of policy management. This research provides a basic support for the evaluation of crop water-saving potential with the stochastic frontier approach in other regions

Spatial Scale Effect of a Typical Polarized Remote Sensor on Detecting Ground Objects

For polarized remote sensors, the polarization images of ground objects acquired at different spatial scales will be different due to the spatial heterogeneity of the ground object targets and the limitation of imaging resolution. In this paper, the quantitative inversion problem of a typical polarized remote sensor at different spatial scales was studied. Firstly, the surface roughness of coatings was inversed based on the polarized bidirectional reflectance distribution function (pBRDF) model according to their polarization images at different distances. A linear-mixed pixel model was used to make a preliminary correction of the spatial scale effect. Secondly, the super-resolution image reconstruction of the polarization imager was realized based on the projection onto convex sets (POCS) method. Then, images with different resolutions at a fixed distance were obtained by utilizing this super-resolution image reconstruction method and the optimal spatial scale under the scene can be acquired by using information entropy as an evaluation indicator. Finally, the experimental results showed that the roughness inversion of coatings has the highest accuracy in the optimal spatial scale. It has been proved that our proposed method can provide a reliable way to reduce the spatial effect of the polarized remote sensor and to improve the inversion accuracy

Crop Water-Saving Potential Based on the Stochastic Distance Function: The Case of Liaoning Province of China

Scientific evaluation of crop water use efficiency is of great significance for ascertaining water-saving potential and realizing efficient utilization of water resources. In this paper, we calculated the water footprint of crop growth, pollution water footprint and production water footprint of 14 cities in Liaoning Province, China, by using the water footprint theory, established the crop water use efficiency model of stochastic frontier distance function, and analyzed the spatial-temporal variation characteristics of crop water use efficiency (WUE), ecological WUE and production WUE. Results show that: (1) the average water footprint of crop growth was 1.714 × 109 m3, the ecological water footprint of crop was 6.26 × 108 m3, and the water footprint of crop production was 2.34 × 109 m3 from 2001 to 2017 for the whole province. (2) the WUE of crop growth was 0.821, the crop ecological WUE was 0.845 and crop production was 0.865, respectively. We concluded that Liaoning province can save 17.9% of crop consumption water, equivalent to 8.38 × 108 m3, 15.5% of ecological water, equivalent to 7.25 × 108 m3 and 13.5% of production water, equivalent to 6.32 × 108 m3 by strengthening the popularization of agricultural high-efficiency water use technology and improving the level of policy management. This research provides a basic support for the evaluation of crop water-saving potential with the stochastic frontier approach in other regions

Construction of Co3O4/CeO2 heterostructure nanoflowers facilitates deployment of oxygen defects to enhance the oxygen evolution kinetics

The bottom-up design strategy can more rationally optimize the composition and structure of the materials to impart excellent oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance. Heterostructures can modulate electronic behavior through interface construction to optimize materials properties for superior OER performance. In this paper, we created abundant Co3O4/CeO2 phase interfaces to tune the grain size, the electronic con-figuration of cobalt sites, and the content of oxygen defects in Co3O4, which increases the number of active sites, enhances the electronic conductivity of the material, and optimized the adsorption energy for reaction intermediates. Moreover, the assembly of nanograins into nanoflowers with a three-dimensional hier-archical pore structure can provide more effective active sites, abundant pores and channels for mass transport, and discrete cavities for in-depth reactions of intermediates. The construction of Co3O4/CeO2 heterostructure nanoflowers (CoCe HNFs) contributes to the excellent OER performance of the catalyst. (c) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved