893 research outputs found
Health Extension Workers' diagnostic accuracy for common childhood illnesses in four regions of Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.
AIM: The Ethiopian primary care of sick children is provided within the integrated Community Case Management of childhood illnesses by Health Extension Workers (HEW). There is limited knowledge whether this cadre correctly assess and classify common diseases. The aim was to study their ability to correctly classify common childhood illnesses. METHODS: A survey was conducted from December 2016 to February 2017 in four regions of Ethiopia. Observations of the HEWs' assessment and classification of sick children were followed by child re-examination by a trained health officer. RESULTS: The classification by the HEWs of 620 sick children as compared to the re-examiner had a sensitivity of 89% and specificity of 94% for diarrhoea, sensitivity 52% and specificity 91% for febrile disorders, and a sensitivity of 59% and specificity of 94% for acute respiratory tract infection. Malnutrition and ear infection had a sensitivity of 39 and 61%, and a specificity of 99 and 99%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Most cases of diarrhoea were correctly classified, while other illnesses were not frequently identified. The identification of malnutrition was especially at fault. These findings suggest that a significant number of sick children were undiagnosed that could lead to absent or incorrect management and treatment
Current status and future directions of precision aerial application for site-specific crop management in the USA
The first variable-rate aerial application system was developed about a decade ago in the USA and since then, aerial application has benefitted from these technologies. Many areas of the United States rely on readily available agricultural airplanes or helicopters for pest management, and variable-rate aerial application provides a solution for applying field inputs such as cotton growth regulators, defoliants, and insecticides. In the context of aerial application, variable-rate control can simply mean terminating spray over field areas that do not require inputs, terminating spray near pre-defined buffer areas determined by Global Positioning, or applying multiple rates to meet the variable needs of the crop. Prescription maps for aerial application are developed using remote sensing, Global Positioning, and Geographic Information System technologies. Precision agriculture technology has the potential to benefit the agricultural aviation industry by saving operators and farmers time and money
A Multi-resolution Model for Histopathology Image Classification and Localization with Multiple Instance Learning
Histopathological images provide rich information for disease diagnosis.
Large numbers of histopathological images have been digitized into high
resolution whole slide images, opening opportunities in developing
computational image analysis tools to reduce pathologists' workload and
potentially improve inter- and intra- observer agreement. Most previous work on
whole slide image analysis has focused on classification or segmentation of
small pre-selected regions-of-interest, which requires fine-grained annotation
and is non-trivial to extend for large-scale whole slide analysis. In this
paper, we proposed a multi-resolution multiple instance learning model that
leverages saliency maps to detect suspicious regions for fine-grained grade
prediction. Instead of relying on expensive region- or pixel-level annotations,
our model can be trained end-to-end with only slide-level labels. The model is
developed on a large-scale prostate biopsy dataset containing 20,229 slides
from 830 patients. The model achieved 92.7% accuracy, 81.8% Cohen's Kappa for
benign, low grade (i.e. Grade group 1) and high grade (i.e. Grade group >= 2)
prediction, an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC)
of 98.2% and an average precision (AP) of 97.4% for differentiating malignant
and benign slides. The model obtained an AUROC of 99.4% and an AP of 99.8% for
cancer detection on an external dataset.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figure
B\"{a}cklund transformations for high-order constrained flows of the AKNS hierarchy: canonicity and spectrality property
New infinite number of one- and two-point B\"{a}cklund transformations (BTs)
with explicit expressions are constructed for the high-order constrained flows
of the AKNS hierarchy. It is shown that these BTs are canonical transformations
including B\"{a}cklund parameter and a spectrality property holds with
respect to and the 'conjugated' variable for which the point
belongs to the spectral curve. Also the formulas of m-times
repeated Darboux transformations for the high-order constrained flows of the
AKNS hierarchy are presented.Comment: 21 pages, Latex, to be published in J. Phys.
A Truncated IL‐17RC Peptide Ameliorates Synovitis and Bone Destruction of Arthritic Mice
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/134880/1/adhm201600668_am.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/134880/2/adhm201600668-sup-0001-S1.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/134880/3/adhm201600668.pd
A Decade of Unmanned Aerial Systems in Irrigated Agriculture in the Western U.S.
Several research institutes, laboratories, academic programs, and service companies around the United States have been developing programs to utilize small unmanned aerial systems (sUAS) as an instrument to improve the efficiency of in-field water and agronomical management. This article describes a decade of efforts on research and development efforts focused on UAS technologies and methodologies developed for irrigation management, including the evolution of aircraft and sensors in contrast to data from satellites. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) regulations for UAS operation in agriculture have been synthesized along with proposed modifications to enhance UAS contributions to irrigated agriculture. Although it is feasible to use sUAS technology to produce maps of actual crop coefficients, actual crop evapotranspiration, and soil water deficits, for irrigation management, the technology and regulations need to evolve further to facilitate a successful wide adoption and application. Improvements and standards are needed in terms of cameras’ spectral (bands) ranges, radiometric resolutions and associated calibrations, fuel/power technology for longer missions, better imagery processing software, and easier FAA approval of higher altitudes flight missions among other issues. Furthermore, the sUAS technology would play a larger role in irrigated agriculture when integrating multi-scale data (sUAS, groundbased or proximal, satellite) and soil water sensors is addressed, including the need for advances on processing large amounts of data from multiple and different sources, and integration into scientific irrigation scheduling (SIS) systems for convenience of decision making. Desirable technological innovations, and features of the next generation of UAS platforms, sensors, software, and methods for irrigated agriculture, are discussed
Search for the decay
We search for radiative decays into a weakly interacting neutral
particle, namely an invisible particle, using the produced through the
process in a data sample of
decays collected by the BESIII detector
at BEPCII. No significant signal is observed. Using a modified frequentist
method, upper limits on the branching fractions are set under different
assumptions of invisible particle masses up to 1.2 . The upper limit corresponding to an invisible particle with zero mass
is 7.0 at the 90\% confidence level
Observation of in
Using a sample of events recorded with
the BESIII detector at the symmetric electron positron collider BEPCII, we
report the observation of the decay of the charmonium state
into a pair of mesons in the process
. The branching fraction is measured for the first
time to be , where the first uncertainty is
statistical, the second systematic and the third is from the uncertainty of
. The mass and width of the are
determined as MeV/ and
MeV.Comment: 13 pages, 6 figure
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