INVESTIGATION OF MULTIPLE TORCH PAW-BASED ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING

PAW Print 3D (PP3D), a wire and arc additive manufacturing (AM) system was developed. PP3D comprises three plasma arc welding torches arranged radially around a central wire feed. Using three torches was hypothesized to eliminate sensitivity to travel direction. Two deposition modes were developed – continuous, which deposited continuous beads, and dabber, which deposited discreet “dabs” of material. Dabber was hypothesized to provide favorable solidification conditions that would refine the as-deposited grain structure. Three sets of process parameters for each deposition mode were developed. Ineffective workpiece melting was observed and investigated during process development. Using COMSOL Multiphysics software and experimental observations, the ineffective workpiece melting was attributed to inefficient convective heat transfer, high applied power density, and low workpiece thermal conductivity. 308L stainless steel linear wall specimens were deposited using each parameter set. Specimen composition, geometry, and microstructure were characterized. Sensitivity to travel direction was reduced, but not eliminated with continuous deposition mode because layer thickness depended upon deposition direction. No travel directional sensitivity was found with dabber mode. Large columnar grains and vertical grain texture were found in dabber mode specimens, indicating that the solidification conditions with dabber mode did not significantly refine the as-deposited macrostructure. Continuous specimens generally had little vertical grain texture, which may have been caused by an atypical weld pool temperature profile associated with the central wire feed. Solidification rates and temperature gradients at the solid-liquid interface were approximated using COMSOL Multiphysics software. Model results generally agreed with trends in deposited metal subgrain size

Role Transitioning for Athletes Coping with Injury and Occupational Loss

Purpose: The purpose of this scholarly project was to develop an occupational therapy based intervention program for persons who are experiencing changes in their role as athletes. These transitions may include return to sport following an injury, unanticipated retirement from sport, or anticipated retirement from sport. Methods: A thorough literature search and review was conducted using the following research databases: CINAHL, Google Scholar, PubMed, and PsycINFO. Evidence from the occupational therapy, physical therapy, athletic training and psychology professions was reviewed regarding the prevalence of injury in varying sports contexts, athletes’ ability to transition during role changes or interruption, injury rehabilitation, career termination and programs available to address the aforementioned factors. Research findings have indicated a need for programming that targets promotion of an athletes’ healthy adjustment to life within and out of athletics. For example, following an injury, athletes may be physically ready to return to competitive sports but not mentally/psychologically prepared. This lack of readiness has also been documented in those transitioning out of sports. There is a lack of published programming available to address athletes’ psychological and physical needs for role transitioning, transitioning out of sport, transitioning to a different level of sport, injury intervention, and prevention of unhealthy lifestyles that may accompany retirement from sport. Results: Based on available evidence and theoretical literature, a program was created to address athletes’ psychological and physical needs during periods of transition and injury. The Occupational Adaptation model and Self-Determination Theory were utilized as the foundation for the development of this program. The product includes a number of assessments, which are the Athletic Identity Measurement Scale (AIMS), Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM), Brief COPE, Life Roles Inventory, and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH). These assessments will be used to measure and understand the athlete’s perspective of readiness to return back to sport or transition out of sport, ability to cope, and self-identification of life roles. The goal of this program is to ensure the athletes’ transition is a healthy process, that the athlete is physically and mentally ready to return to his or her sport, or to facilitate a healthy transition out of competitive athletics. The final product of this project is a program, in the form of a manual, that occupational therapists can use during the rehabilitation process to guide the physical and psychological rehabilitation of the athlete. Interventions may include the athlete’s development of coping skills, promotion of healthy social supports, setting realistic expectations and goals, maintenance of open lines of communication between coaches, family, rehabilitation team members and teammates, and recognition of components of identity outside of sport. Conclusion: This program is intended for implementation in sports medicine facilities, outpatient clinics, hospitals, high school, collegiate, and professional athletic teams. The program is anticipated to promote healthy transition both physically and psychologically following injury, career termination from sports, and developing healthy lifestyle habits after participation in competitive athletics

Einbettungen von logarithmischen Morrey-Räumen

Die Arbeit befasst sich mit Verfeinerungen der Einbettungssätze von Morrey, Marcinkiewicz-Stampaccia und Trudinger. Es geht um die Frage, inwieweit Morrey-Bedingungen für die Ableitungen eine Funktion zu besseren als die durch Sobolevschen-Ungleichungen gegebenen Integrabilitätsexponenten führen. Ein klassischer Satz (Marcinkiewicz-Stampacchia) zuzüglich späterer Verbesserungen besagt, dass eine Funktion u im Lebesgueschen Funktionenraum zum Exponenten q enthalten ist, sofern grad(u) im entsprechenden Raum zum Exponenten p liegt, einer Morrey- Bedingungen mit Exponenten s genügt, und die Bedingung 1/q=1/p-1/s gilt. Von besonderen Wichtigkeit sind auch die Resultate von Trudinger, die Grenzfälle der Einbettungssätze behandeln. Einbettungssätze sind für viele Fragen bei partiellen Differentialgleichungen, etwa Regularitäts-, Stabilitäts- und Kompaktheitsfragen von Bedeutung. Daher sind weiter gehende Verfeinerungen immer nützlich und willkommen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit stellen wir die Frage, inwieweit Morrey-Bedingungen mit logarithmischer Störung zu verbesserten Einbettungen für die Funktion u selbst führen. Es gelingt uns, hierzu optimale Einbettungen und Abschätzungen zu geben und die "Optimalität" unserer Resultate zu beweisen. In der gesamten Arbeit betrachten wir die Standardsituation von Funktionen, die auf beschränkten Gebieten mit Lipschitzrand definiert. In Kapiteln 4 bis 8 betrachten wir verschiedene Typen von Verfeinerungen von Resultaten der Marcinkiewicz-Stampaccia und Trudinger. Es geht um die Frage, welche Konsequenz logarithmische Störungen der klassische Morrey-Bedingung auf die Einbettungssätze haben. In Kapiteln 9 und 10 beweisen wir die Einbettungen vom logarithmischen Nikolski- Morrey-Raum in den Orlicz-Raum. Nikolski-Morrey-Räume verallgemeinern den Begriff der Ableitungen ganzzaliger Ordnung auf den fraktionellen Fall.</p

Wonder Woman\u27s Lasso: Understanding Gender and Sexuality Through Comic Books

To understand how gender and sexuality are portrayed in comics, an extremely understudied medium, we analyzed comic books (n = 100) and graphic novels (n = 5), looking for ways gender and sexuality were displayed and discussed. Preliminary results indicate femininity is commonly portrayed as submissive, less capable, highly sexualized and stigmatized for being this way, and were often relegated to a secondary role. Masculinity is portrayed as highly sexual, strong, aggressive, intelligent, and dispassionate. Race appeared to have a moderating effect on how gender was portrayed, with greater exotification of women of color, and more acts of unnecessary violence by men of color. Existing literature indicating that comics, used in therapy, can be a helpful way to explore identity. These current findings support previous research, and would provide an additional understanding of gender and sexuality in an area predominately focused on race and ethnicity (Gavigan, 2012)

Microfluidic technologies for the integration of liquid chromatography

The microfabrication technique of Multilayer Soft Lithography (MSL) has emerged as the dominant platform for the development of microfluidic devices in biomedical research. However, Multilayer Soft Lithography, as originally developed, has technological limitations that restrict its effectiveness and versatility in implementing laboratory operations on chip. This thesis solves two of these limitations, namely that channel routing is restricted to planar geometries and that no established methods exist for creating solid-phase columns needed to perform on-chip analytical and preparative separations. The first technological advancement is the development of a new fabrication method using laser ablation that enables the automated fabrication of interlayer connections in MSL-based microfluidic devices. Real-time image recognition and computer control allow for robust wafer-scale registration of laser ablation features with moulded channel structures. This new functionality removes the constraint that all connected device features lie in a single plane, significantly enhancing achievable feature density and fluid handling complexity. To further extend the range of accessible bioanalytical applications using MSL-based devices, this thesis also presents the development of a novel microfluidic column geometry that allows rapid packing of multiple microcolumns in parallel with near-perfect yield. These microcolumns are shown to be of high quality, with plate heights comparable to conventional high-performance capillary columns and superior to what has previously been reported for packed microfluidic columns. Finally, this thesis shows how these new capabilities allow for the implementation of the first fully integrated microfluidic liquid chromatography system that exploits advantages of automation, small sample volume and parallel processing. All elements required for automated sample loading, programmable gradient generation, separation, fluorescent detection, and sample recovery are integrated on a single device. The ability to reliably fabricate three-dimensional microfluidic devices and to integrate highly optimized solid-phase columns will open many new opportunities for on-chip integration, bringing the ultimate goal of complete lab-on-a-chip integration closer to reality.Applied Science, Faculty ofElectrical and Computer Engineering, Department ofGraduat

Four new species of Sapium (Euphorbiaceae) from Central and South America

Volume: 63Start Page: 441End Page: 44

A New Syngonanthus (Eriocaulaceae) from Southern Mexico

Volume: 72Start Page: 448End Page: 44

Notes on Mabea (Euphorbiaceae) in Central America, together with comments on Sect. Apodae in Brazil

Volume: 62Start Page: 339End Page: 34

A Review of Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) In Baja California

Volume: 71Start Page: 1021End Page: 102