156,683 research outputs found
Dielectric behavior of oblate spheroidal particles: Application to erythrocytes suspensions
We have investigated the effect of particle shape on the eletrorotation (ER)
spectrum of living cells suspensions. In particular, we consider coated oblate
spheroidal particles and present a theoretical study of ER based on the
spectral representation theory. Analytic expressions for the characteristic
frequency as well as the dispersion strength can be obtained, thus simplifying
the fitting of experimental data on oblate spheroidal cells that abound in the
literature. From the theoretical analysis, we find that the cell shape, coating
as well as material parameters can change the ER spectrum. We demonstrate good
agreement between our theoretical predictions and experimental data on human
erthrocytes suspensions.Comment: RevTex; 5 eps figure
Many-body dipole-induced dipole model for electrorheological fluids
Theoretical investigations on electrorheological (ER) fluids usually rely on
computer simulations. An initial approach for these studies would be the
point-dipole (PD) approximation, which is known to err considerably when the
particles approach and finally touch due to many-body and multipolar
interactions. Thus various work attempted to go beyond the PD model. Being
beyond the PD model, previous attempts have been restricted to either
local-field effects only or multipolar effects only, but not both. For
instance, we recently proposed a dipole-induced-dipole (DID) model which is
shown to be both more accurate than the PD model and easy to use. This work is
necessary because the many-body (local-field) effect is included to put forth
the many-body DID model. The results show that the multipolar interactions can
indeed be dominant over the dipole interaction, while the local-field effect
may yield an important correction.Comment: RevTeX, 3 eps figure
Nonlinear ac responses of electro-magnetorheological fluids
We apply a Langevin model to investigate the nonlinear ac responses of
electro-magnetorheological (ERMR) fluids under the application of two crossed
dc magnetic (z axis) and electric (x axis) fields and a probing ac sinusoidal
magnetic field. We focus on the influence of the magnetic fields which can
yield nonlinear behaviors inside the system due to the particles with a
permanent magnetic dipole moment.
Based on a perturbation approach, we extract the harmonics of the magnetic
field and orientational magnetization analytically. To this end, we find that
the harmonics are sensitive to the degree of anisotropy of the structure as
well as the field frequency. Thus, it is possible to real-time monitor the
structure transformation of ERMR fluids by detecting the nonlinear ac
responses.Comment: 21 pages, 4 figure
Transition Temperature of a Uniform Imperfect Bose Gas
We calculate the transition temperature of a uniform dilute Bose gas with
repulsive interactions, using a known virial expansion of the equation of
state. We find that the transition temperature is higher than that of an ideal
gas, with a fractional increase K_0(na^3)^{1/6}, where n is the density and a
is the S-wave scattering length, and K_0 is a constant given in the paper. This
disagrees with all existing results, analytical or numerical. It agrees exactly
in magnitude with a result due to Toyoda, but has the opposite sign.Comment: Email correspondence to [email protected] ; 2 pages using REVTe
Remote preparation of continuous-variable qubits using loss-tolerant hybrid entanglement of light
Transferring quantum information between distant nodes of a network is a key
capability. This transfer can be realized via remote state preparation where
two parties share entanglement and the sender has full knowledge of the state
to be communicated. Here we demonstrate such a process between heterogeneous
nodes functioning with different information encodings, i.e., particle-like
discrete-variable optical qubits and wave-like continuous-variable ones. Using
hybrid entanglement of light as a shared resource, we prepare arbitrary
coherent-state superpositions controlled by measurements on the distant
discrete-encoded node. The remotely prepared states are fully characterized by
quantum state tomography and negative Wigner functions are obtained. This work
demonstrates a novel capability to bridge discrete- and continuous-variable
platforms
A proposed generalized constitutive equation for nonlinear para-isotropic materials
Finite element models of varying complexities were used to solve problems in solid mechanics. Particular emphasis was given to concrete which is nonisotropic at any level of deformation and is also nonlinear in terms of stress-strain relationships
A Morphological Approach to the Pulsed Emission from Soft Gamma Repeaters
We present a geometrical methodology to interpret the periodical light curves
of Soft Gamma Repeaters based on the magnetar model and the numerical
arithmetic of the three-dimensional magnetosphere model for the young pulsars.
The hot plasma released by the star quake is trapped in the magnetosphere and
photons are emitted tangent to the local magnetic field lines. The variety of
radiation morphologies in the burst tails and the persistent stages could be
well explained by the trapped fireballs on different sites inside the closed
field lines. Furthermore, our numerical results suggests that the pulse profile
evolution of SGR 1806-20 during the 27 December 2004 giant flare is due to a
lateral drift of the emitting region in the magnetosphere.Comment: 7 figures, accepted by Ap
Nuclear condensation and the equation of state of nuclear matter
The isothermal compression of a dilute nucleonic gas invoking cluster degrees
of freedom is studied in an equilibrium statistical model; this clusterized
system is found to be more stable than the pure nucleonic system. The equation
of state (EoS) of this matter shows features qualitatively very similar to the
one obtained from pure nucleonic gas. In the isothermal compression process,
there is a sudden enhancement of clusterization at a transition density
rendering features analogous to the gas-liquid phase transition in normal
dilute nucleonic matter. Different observables like the caloric curves, heat
capacity, isospin distillation, etc. are studied in both the models. Possible
changes in the observables due to recently indicated medium modifications in
the symmetry energy are also investigated.Comment: 18 pages and 11 figures. Phys. Rev. C (in press
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