38 research outputs found
Distributed optimization for multi-agent systems with communication delays and external disturbances under a directed network
This article studies the distributed optimization problem for multi-agent systems with communication delays and external disturbances in a directed network. Firstly, a distributed optimization algorithm is proposed based on the internal model principle in which the internal model term can effectively compensate for external environmental disturbances. Secondly, the relationship between the optimal solution and the equilibrium point of the system is discussed through the properties of the Laplacian matrix and graph theory. Some sufficient conditions are derived by using the Lyapunov–Razumikhin theory, which ensures all agents asymptotically reach the optimal value of the distributed optimization problem. Moreover, an aperiodic sampled-data control protocol is proposed, which can be well transformed into the proposed time-varying delay protocol and analyzed by using the Lyapunov–Razumikhin theory. Finally, an example is given to verify the effectiveness of the results
Analysis of Differentially Expressed Proteins in Self-Paired Sera of Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Responsive to Gefin
Background and objective All the advanced NSCLC patients that received EGFR-TKI therapy will eventually relapse after a period of efficacy. The aim of this study is to investigate the serum biomarkers as potential predictive factors for the efficacy of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) targeted therapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Methods Twenty self-paired serum samples were collected from 9 advanced NSCLC patients that evaluated as disease control (SD or PR) after gefinitib therapy, at the time points of before and after gefinitib treatment but 2 weeks before being evaluated as disease progress. All samples were pre-separated by WCX microbeads, and then detected on the MALDI-TOF-MS platform of Bruker AutoflexTM. ClinProTools (Version: 2.1) was used to analyze the differentially expressed proteins. Results There were 7 protein peaks (m/z), 3242.09, 8 690.36, 2 952.64, 3 224.04, 1 450.51, 1 887.8 and 3 935.73 found statistically differentially expressed between the self-paired samples. Three proteins (3 242.09, 2 952.64 and 3 224.04) were down-regulated and four proteins (8 690.36, 1 450.51, 1 887.8 and 3 935.73) up-regulated in gefinitib treated sera. Conclusion The data here suggest that several specific protein peaks might indicate gefinitib resistance, yet the identities of these proteins and the mechanisms underlying the responsiveness to gefinitib treatment need further investigation
AceGPT, Localizing Large Language Models in Arabic
This paper explores the imperative need and methodology for developing a
localized Large Language Model (LLM) tailored for Arabic, a language with
unique cultural characteristics that are not adequately addressed by current
mainstream models like ChatGPT. Key concerns additionally arise when
considering cultural sensitivity and local values. To this end, the paper
outlines a packaged solution, including further pre-training with Arabic texts,
supervised fine-tuning (SFT) using native Arabic instructions and GPT-4
responses in Arabic, and reinforcement learning with AI feedback (RLAIF) using
a reward model that is sensitive to local culture and values. The objective is
to train culturally aware and value-aligned Arabic LLMs that can serve the
diverse application-specific needs of Arabic-speaking communities.
Extensive evaluations demonstrated that the resulting LLM called `AceGPT' is
the SOTA open Arabic LLM in various benchmarks, including instruction-following
benchmark (i.e., Arabic Vicuna-80 and Arabic AlpacaEval), knowledge benchmark
(i.e., Arabic MMLU and EXAMs), as well as the newly-proposed Arabic cultural \&
value alignment benchmark. Notably, AceGPT outperforms ChatGPT in the popular
Vicuna-80 benchmark when evaluated with GPT-4, despite the benchmark's limited
scale. % Natural Language Understanding (NLU) benchmark (i.e., ALUE)
Codes, data, and models are in https://github.com/FreedomIntelligence/AceGPT.Comment: https://github.com/FreedomIntelligence/AceGP
CO and dust properties in the TW Hya disk from high-resolution ALMA observations
We analyze high angular resolution ALMA observations of the TW Hya disk to
place constraints on the CO and dust properties. We present new, sensitive
observations of the CO line at a spatial resolution of 8 AU
(0\farcs14). The CO emission exhibits a bright inner core, a shoulder at
AU, and a prominent break in slope at AU. Radiative
transfer modeling is used to demonstrate that the emission morphology can be
reasonably reproduced with a CO column density profile featuring a steep
decrease at AU and a secondary bump peaking at AU.
Similar features have been identified in observations of rarer CO
isotopologues, which trace heights closer to the midplane. Substructure in the
underlying gas distribution or radially varying CO depletion that affects much
of the disk's vertical extent may explain the shared emission features of the
main CO isotopologues. We also combine archival 1.3 mm and 870 m continuum
observations to produce a spectral index map at a spatial resolution of 2 AU.
The spectral index rises sharply at the continuum emission gaps at radii of 25,
41, and 47 AU. This behavior suggests that the grains within the gaps are no
larger than a few millimeters. Outside the continuum gaps, the low spectral
index values of indicate either that grains up to centimeter
size are present, or that the bright continuum rings are marginally optically
thick at millimeter wavelengths.Comment: 27 pages, 11 figures, accepted by ApJ; FITS image files available at
https://dataverse.harvard.edu/dataset.xhtml?persistentId=doi:10.7910/DVN/PXDKB
Development of a candidate reference material for adventitious virus detection in vaccine and biologicals manufacturing by deep sequencing.
Unbiased deep sequencing offers the potential for improved adventitious virus screening in vaccines and biotherapeutics. Successful implementation of such assays will require appropriate control materials to confirm assay performance and sensitivity.
A common reference material containing 25 target viruses was produced and 16 laboratories were invited to process it using their preferred adventitious virus detection assay.
Fifteen laboratories returned results, obtained using a wide range of wet-lab and informatics methods. Six of 25 target viruses were detected by all laboratories, with the remaining viruses detected by 4-14 laboratories. Six non-target viruses were detected by three or more laboratories.
The study demonstrated that a wide range of methods are currently used for adventitious virus detection screening in biological products by deep sequencing and that they can yield significantly different results. This underscores the need for common reference materials to ensure satisfactory assay performance and enable comparisons between laboratories
Feature semantic alignment and information supplement for Text-based person search
The goal of person text-image matching is to retrieve images of specific pedestrians using natural language. Although a lot of research results have been achieved in persona text-image matching, existing methods still face two challenges. First,due to the ambiguous semantic information in the features, aligning the textual features with their corresponding image features is always tricky. Second, the absence of semantic information in each local feature of pedestrians poses a significant challenge to the network in extracting robust features that match both modalities. To address these issues, we propose a model for explicit semantic feature extraction and effective information supplement. On the one hand, by attaching the textual and image features with consistent and clear semantic information, the course-grained alignment between the textual and corresponding image features is achieved. On the other hand, an information supplement network is proposed, which captures the relationships between local features of each modality and supplements them to obtain more complete local features with semantic information. In the end, the local features are then concatenated to a comprehensive global feature, which capable of precise alignment of the textual and described image features. We did extensive experiments on CUHK-PEDES dataset and RSTPReid dataset, the experimental results show that our method has better performance. Additionally, the ablation experiment also proved the effectiveness of each module designed in this paper
Image1_Efficacy of propofol for the prevention of emergence agitation after sevoflurane anaesthesia in children: A meta-analysis.tif
BackgroundEmergence agitation (EA) is a common postoperative behavioral disorder, predominantly in pediatric patients, after sevoflurane general anesthesia. This study was aimed at assessing propofol's efficacy and clinical conditions established for preventing EA in children under sevoflurane anesthesia.MethodsRandomized controlled trials (RCTs) that comparatively investigated propofol and control treatment in terms of efficacy and safety on administration at the end of surgery and examinations to prevent EA in children under sevoflurane anesthesia were searched. The sources accessed included PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Furthermore, manual searches were performed to identify studies; the last review was conducted on March 21, 2022. When the risk of bias assessment of trials was performed with the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool, we calculated risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for EA incidence and mean differences (MDs) with 95% CI for continuous data.ResultsWe included 12 RCTs with 1103 children. EA incidence (RR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.39 to 0.67) and Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium scores (MD: −3.14, 95% CI: −4.37 to −1.92) were lower in the propofol group. Subgroup analyses showed lower EA incidences with 3 mg/kg propofol (RR: 0.22, 95% CI: 0.13 to 0.38) without extension of the PACU time (MD: 4.97, 95% CI: −0.84 to 10.78) in the laryngeal mask airway (LMA; RR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.36 to 0.77) and spontaneous breathing (RR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.21 to 0.62) groups.DiscussionWe confirmed that a prophylactic dose of propofol prevented EA and decreased its severity in children under sevoflurane anesthesia. Furthermore, several conditions such as 3 mg/kg propofol, LMA, and spontaneous breathing, potentially contributed to EA prevention.
Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=274692, identifier: PROSPERO (No. CRD42021274692).</p
DataSheet3_Efficacy of propofol for the prevention of emergence agitation after sevoflurane anaesthesia in children: A meta-analysis.docx
BackgroundEmergence agitation (EA) is a common postoperative behavioral disorder, predominantly in pediatric patients, after sevoflurane general anesthesia. This study was aimed at assessing propofol's efficacy and clinical conditions established for preventing EA in children under sevoflurane anesthesia.MethodsRandomized controlled trials (RCTs) that comparatively investigated propofol and control treatment in terms of efficacy and safety on administration at the end of surgery and examinations to prevent EA in children under sevoflurane anesthesia were searched. The sources accessed included PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Furthermore, manual searches were performed to identify studies; the last review was conducted on March 21, 2022. When the risk of bias assessment of trials was performed with the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool, we calculated risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for EA incidence and mean differences (MDs) with 95% CI for continuous data.ResultsWe included 12 RCTs with 1103 children. EA incidence (RR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.39 to 0.67) and Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium scores (MD: −3.14, 95% CI: −4.37 to −1.92) were lower in the propofol group. Subgroup analyses showed lower EA incidences with 3 mg/kg propofol (RR: 0.22, 95% CI: 0.13 to 0.38) without extension of the PACU time (MD: 4.97, 95% CI: −0.84 to 10.78) in the laryngeal mask airway (LMA; RR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.36 to 0.77) and spontaneous breathing (RR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.21 to 0.62) groups.DiscussionWe confirmed that a prophylactic dose of propofol prevented EA and decreased its severity in children under sevoflurane anesthesia. Furthermore, several conditions such as 3 mg/kg propofol, LMA, and spontaneous breathing, potentially contributed to EA prevention.
Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=274692, identifier: PROSPERO (No. CRD42021274692).</p
Image5_Efficacy of propofol for the prevention of emergence agitation after sevoflurane anaesthesia in children: A meta-analysis.tif
BackgroundEmergence agitation (EA) is a common postoperative behavioral disorder, predominantly in pediatric patients, after sevoflurane general anesthesia. This study was aimed at assessing propofol's efficacy and clinical conditions established for preventing EA in children under sevoflurane anesthesia.MethodsRandomized controlled trials (RCTs) that comparatively investigated propofol and control treatment in terms of efficacy and safety on administration at the end of surgery and examinations to prevent EA in children under sevoflurane anesthesia were searched. The sources accessed included PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Furthermore, manual searches were performed to identify studies; the last review was conducted on March 21, 2022. When the risk of bias assessment of trials was performed with the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool, we calculated risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for EA incidence and mean differences (MDs) with 95% CI for continuous data.ResultsWe included 12 RCTs with 1103 children. EA incidence (RR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.39 to 0.67) and Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium scores (MD: −3.14, 95% CI: −4.37 to −1.92) were lower in the propofol group. Subgroup analyses showed lower EA incidences with 3 mg/kg propofol (RR: 0.22, 95% CI: 0.13 to 0.38) without extension of the PACU time (MD: 4.97, 95% CI: −0.84 to 10.78) in the laryngeal mask airway (LMA; RR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.36 to 0.77) and spontaneous breathing (RR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.21 to 0.62) groups.DiscussionWe confirmed that a prophylactic dose of propofol prevented EA and decreased its severity in children under sevoflurane anesthesia. Furthermore, several conditions such as 3 mg/kg propofol, LMA, and spontaneous breathing, potentially contributed to EA prevention.
Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=274692, identifier: PROSPERO (No. CRD42021274692).</p
Table1_Efficacy of propofol for the prevention of emergence agitation after sevoflurane anaesthesia in children: A meta-analysis.docx
BackgroundEmergence agitation (EA) is a common postoperative behavioral disorder, predominantly in pediatric patients, after sevoflurane general anesthesia. This study was aimed at assessing propofol's efficacy and clinical conditions established for preventing EA in children under sevoflurane anesthesia.MethodsRandomized controlled trials (RCTs) that comparatively investigated propofol and control treatment in terms of efficacy and safety on administration at the end of surgery and examinations to prevent EA in children under sevoflurane anesthesia were searched. The sources accessed included PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Furthermore, manual searches were performed to identify studies; the last review was conducted on March 21, 2022. When the risk of bias assessment of trials was performed with the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool, we calculated risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for EA incidence and mean differences (MDs) with 95% CI for continuous data.ResultsWe included 12 RCTs with 1103 children. EA incidence (RR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.39 to 0.67) and Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium scores (MD: −3.14, 95% CI: −4.37 to −1.92) were lower in the propofol group. Subgroup analyses showed lower EA incidences with 3 mg/kg propofol (RR: 0.22, 95% CI: 0.13 to 0.38) without extension of the PACU time (MD: 4.97, 95% CI: −0.84 to 10.78) in the laryngeal mask airway (LMA; RR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.36 to 0.77) and spontaneous breathing (RR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.21 to 0.62) groups.DiscussionWe confirmed that a prophylactic dose of propofol prevented EA and decreased its severity in children under sevoflurane anesthesia. Furthermore, several conditions such as 3 mg/kg propofol, LMA, and spontaneous breathing, potentially contributed to EA prevention.
Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=274692, identifier: PROSPERO (No. CRD42021274692).</p