The Study of English Translation of Tea Wares in China National Tea Museum from the Perspective of Eco-Translatology

The tea culture now plays a prominent role in the traditional Chinese culture. Tea ware, the ‘carrier’ of tea culture, is crucial to the global spread of the Chinese tea culture if properly translated. The Eco-Translatology provides translators with a fresh perspective when translating tea wares, allowing them to create a more desirable translation when doing adaptive selection and transformation in terms of tea sets concerning the linguistic, cultural, and communicative dimensions. The paper studies the English translation of tea wares at the China National Tea Museum from the perspective of Eco-Translatology, with the objective of providing several insights into the English translation of tea wares so as to facilitate the international dissemination of the Chinese tea culture

On the English Translation of Culture-Specific Items in the Gua Sha Treatment Based on Domestication and Foreignization

The film, The Gua Sha Treatment, is regarded as a global successful in spreading Chinese culture internationally. Its subtitles are normally loaded with culture-specific items which may directly or indirectly influence the acceptability of film audiences. By collecting and classifying the culture-specific items in the subtitle translation of the film, the paper analyzes its subtitle translation from the perspective of domestication and foreignization. It demonstrates that the subtitle translation of culture-specific items in the film prioritizes domestication, with foreignization as a secondary option. Free translation is frequently employed in translating those items loaded with Chinese culture, followed by literal translation and transliteration. This facilitates the international dissemination of Chinese culture by making subtitles easily comprehensible to target audiences. In addition, the translation model can provide references for the ongoing subtitle translation of the film characterized with Chinese culture

AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF ELECTRICAL STIMULATION ON STRENGTH AND FLEXIBILITY

Electrical stimulation (ES) in muscles has widely applied in muscle strength training as a training method. It was proven to greatly enhance muscle strength. The purpose of this study was to examine the changes in muscle flexibility in the training of muscle strength with the use of electrical stimulation. The experiment demonstrated that the use of electrical-stimulation in training (EST) could obtain the effects of the improvement in both of muscle strength and flexibility

PseudoFuN: Deriving functional potentials of pseudogenes from integrative relationships with genes and microRNAs across 32 cancers

BACKGROUND: Long thought "relics" of evolution, not until recently have pseudogenes been of medical interest regarding regulation in cancer. Often, these regulatory roles are a direct by-product of their close sequence homology to protein-coding genes. Novel pseudogene-gene (PGG) functional associations can be identified through the integration of biomedical data, such as sequence homology, functional pathways, gene expression, pseudogene expression, and microRNA expression. However, not all of the information has been integrated, and almost all previous pseudogene studies relied on 1:1 pseudogene-parent gene relationships without leveraging other homologous genes/pseudogenes. RESULTS: We produce PGG families that expand beyond the current 1:1 paradigm. First, we construct expansive PGG databases by (i) CUDAlign graphics processing unit (GPU) accelerated local alignment of all pseudogenes to gene families (totaling 1.6 billion individual local alignments and >40,000 GPU hours) and (ii) BLAST-based assignment of pseudogenes to gene families. Second, we create an open-source web application (PseudoFuN [Pseudogene Functional Networks]) to search for integrative functional relationships of sequence homology, microRNA expression, gene expression, pseudogene expression, and gene ontology. We produce four "flavors" of CUDAlign-based databases (>462,000,000 PGG pairwise alignments and 133,770 PGG families) that can be queried and downloaded using PseudoFuN. These databases are consistent with previous 1:1 PGG annotation and also are much more powerful including millions of de novo PGG associations. For example, we find multiple known (e.g., miR-20a-PTEN-PTENP1) and novel (e.g., miR-375-SOX15-PPP4R1L) microRNA-gene-pseudogene associations in prostate cancer. PseudoFuN provides a "one stop shop" for identifying and visualizing thousands of potential regulatory relationships related to pseudogenes in The Cancer Genome Atlas cancers. CONCLUSIONS: Thousands of new PGG associations can be explored in the context of microRNA-gene-pseudogene co-expression and differential expression with a simple-to-use online tool by bioinformaticians and oncologists alike

Structural and functional connectivity of the whole brain and subnetworks in individuals with mild traumatic brain injury:Predictors of patient prognosis

Patients with mild traumatic brain injury have a diverse clinical presentation, and the underlying pathophysiology remains poorly understood. Magnetic resonance imaging is a non-invasive technique that has been widely utilized to investigate neurobiological markers after mild traumatic brain injury. This approach has emerged as a promising tool for investigating the pathogenesis of mild traumatic brain injury. Graph theory is a quantitative method of analyzing complex networks that has been widely used to study changes in brain structure and function. However, most previous mild traumatic brain injury studies using graph theory have focused on specific populations, with limited exploration of simultaneous abnormalities in structural and functional connectivity. Given that mild traumatic brain injury is the most common type of traumatic brain injury encountered in clinical practice, further investigation of the patient characteristics and evolution of structural and functional connectivity is critical. In the present study, we explored whether abnormal structural and functional connectivity in the acute phase could serve as indicators of longitudinal changes in imaging data and cognitive function in patients with mild traumatic brain injury. In this longitudinal study, we enrolled 46 patients with mild traumatic brain injury who were assessed within 2 weeks of injury, as well as 36 healthy controls. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion-weighted imaging data were acquired for graph theoretical network analysis. In the acute phase, patients with mild traumatic brain injury demonstrated reduced structural connectivity in the dorsal attention network. More than 3 months of followup data revealed signs of recovery in structural and functional connectivity, as well as cognitive function, in 22 out of the 46 patients. Furthermore, better cognitive function was associated with more efficient networks. Finally, our data indicated that small-worldness in the acute stage could serve as a predictor of longitudinal changes in connectivity in patients with mild traumatic brain injury. These findings highlight the importance of integrating structural and functional connectivity in understanding the occurrence and evolution of mild traumatic brain injury. Additionally, exploratory analysis based on subnetworks could serve a predictive function in the prognosis of patients with mild traumatic brain injury.</p

Network analysis of pseudogene-gene relationships: from pseudogene evolution to their functional potentials

Pseudogenes are fossil relatives of genes. Pseudogenes have long been thought of as "junk DNAs", since they do not code proteins in normal tissues. Although most of the human pseudogenes do not have noticeable functions, ∼20% of them exhibit transcriptional activity. There has been evidence showing that some pseudogenes adopted functions as lncRNAs and work as regulators of gene expression. Furthermore, pseudogenes can even be "reactivated" in some conditions, such as cancer initiation. Some pseudogenes are transcribed in specific cancer types, and some are even translated into proteins as observed in several cancer cell lines. All the above have shown that pseudogenes could have functional roles or potentials in the genome. Evaluating the relationships between pseudogenes and their gene counterparts could help us reveal the evolutionary path of pseudogenes and associate pseudogenes with functional potentials. It also provides an insight into the regulatory networks involving pseudogenes with transcriptional and even translational activities.In this study, we develop a novel approach integrating graph analysis, sequence alignment and functional analysis to evaluate pseudogene-gene relationships, and apply it to human gene homologs and pseudogenes. We generated a comprehensive set of 445 pseudogene-gene (PGG) families from the original 3,281 gene families (13.56%). Of these 438 (98.4% PGG, 13.3% total) were non-trivial (containing more than one pseudogene). Each PGG family contains multiple genes and pseudogenes with high sequence similarity. For each family, we generate a sequence alignment network and phylogenetic trees recapitulating the evolutionary paths. We find evidence supporting the evolution history of olfactory family (both genes and pseudogenes) in human, which also supports the validity of our analysis method. Next, we evaluate these networks in respect to the gene ontology from which we identify functions enriched in these pseudogene-gene families and infer functional impact of pseudogenes involved in the networks. This demonstrates the application of our PGG network database in the study of pseudogene function in disease context

Tripterygium glycosides sensitizes cisplatin chemotherapeutic potency by modulating gut microbiota in epithelial ovarian cancer

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a fatal gynecological malignancy with limited therapeutic options. Previous research has demonstrated that Tripterygium glycosides (GTW) can enhance effectiveness of cisplatin (DDP) chemotherapy against EOC. However, the underlying mechanism of GTW alleviating EOC still remains unclear. In this article, an ID8 cell-derived xenograft mouse model was established to evaluate the anti-tumor efficacy of GTW combined with DDP. Consistent with previous findings, the results suggested that GTW combined with DDP can exhibit a stronger tumor suppressive effect than DDP alone. Additionally, GTW was found can further exert gastrointestinal protection against DDP by reducing pathological damage on colon tissue. Secondly, to verify whether gut microbiota play an instrumental role in GTW’s anticancer effect, we treated mice models with antibiotic to eliminate gut microbiota. And our experimental results indicated that all drug groups showed a weaker tumor suppressive effect and more severe gastrointestinal damage post antibiotic supplement. At genus level, the relative abundance of Lactobacillus was dramatically diminished by the antibiotic treatment, while combined treatment of GTW and DDP can significantly restore the level. Moreover, we performed Lactobacillus acidophilus transplantation and healthy mice fecal microbiota transplantation experiments to further investigate the link between the anticancer effect of GTW and gut microbiota. Our results suggested that both cisplatin-sensitizing and intestinal barrier-protecting effects of GTW can be recovered to a different extent. In conclusion, our results indicated that GTW is a promising chemosensitization and intestinal barrier repair drug for EOC, and the potential mechanism may corelate with the restoration of the compromised intestinal microbial balance

TencentPretrain: A Scalable and Flexible Toolkit for Pre-training Models of Different Modalities

Recently, the success of pre-training in text domain has been fully extended to vision, audio, and cross-modal scenarios. The proposed pre-training models of different modalities are showing a rising trend of homogeneity in their model structures, which brings the opportunity to implement different pre-training models within a uniform framework. In this paper, we present TencentPretrain, a toolkit supporting pre-training models of different modalities. The core feature of TencentPretrain is the modular design. The toolkit uniformly divides pre-training models into 5 components: embedding, encoder, target embedding, decoder, and target. As almost all of common modules are provided in each component, users can choose the desired modules from different components to build a complete pre-training model. The modular design enables users to efficiently reproduce existing pre-training models or build brand-new one. We test the toolkit on text, vision, and audio benchmarks and show that it can match the performance of the original implementations