The safety and efficacy of hypothermia combining mechanical thrombectomy or thrombolysis in the treatment of ischemic stroke: A systematic meta-analysis

Background: Stroke is a major global public health problem, affecting 13.7 million people worldwide. Previous studies have found a neuroprotective effect of hypothermia therapy and the efficacy and safety of combined hypothermia and mechanical thrombectomy or thrombolysis in the treatment of ischemic stroke have also attracted attention. Objective: In the present research, the authors conducted a meta-analysis to comprehensively assess the safety and efficacy of hypothermia combining mechanical thrombectomy or thrombolysis in the treatment of ischemic stroke. Methods: Articles published from January 2001 to May 2022 were searched from Google Scholar, Baidu Scholar and PubMed to evaluate the clinical significance of hypothermia treatment in ischemic stroke. Complications, short-term mortality, and the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) in the full text was extracted. Results: 89 publications were selected and 9 among them were included in this study with sample size of 643. All selected studies are in accordance with the inclusion criteria. Forest plot of clinical characteristics was as follows: complications (RR = 1.132, 95% CI 0.942‒1.361, p = 0.186, I2 = 37.2%), mortality within 3 months (RR = 1.076, 95% CI 0.694‒1.669, p = 0.744, I2 = 0.00%), mRS ≤ 1 at 3 months (RR = 1.138, 95% CI 0.829‒1.563, p = 0.423, I2 = 26.0%), mRS ≤ 2 at 3 months (RR = 1.672, 95% CI 1.236‒2.263, p = 0.001, I2=49.6%) and mRS ≤ 3 at 3 months (RR = 1.518, 95% CI 1.128‒2.043, p = 0.006, I2 = 0.00%). The funnel plot suggested that there was no significant publication bias in the meta-analysis on complications, mortality within 3 months, mRS ≤ 1 at 3 months and mRS ≤ 2 at 3 months. Conclusion: In summary, the results showed that hypothermia treatment was correlated with mRS ≤ 2 at 3 months, but not linked with complications and mortality within 3 months

Effect of hip fracture on prognosis of acute cerebral infarction

OBJECTIVES: Hip fractures are a worldwide public health problem. The incidence of hip fracture is high among the elderly, and it is an important cause of death and disability in this population. This observational study aimed to investigate the effect of acute hip fracture on the recovery of neurological function and the prognosis of patients with acute cerebral infarction, as well as whether surgical treatment of combined acute fracture can improve the prognosis of patients. METHODS: Thirty patients with acute cerebral infarction combined with acute hip fracture, who were hospitalized in two hospitals between January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2019, were included. The patients did not undergo surgical treatment. The control group included patients with common acute cerebral infarction without hip fracture admitted in the same period. The neurological function recovery, hospitalization period, half a year recovery rate, incidence of complications, and one-year mortality rate between the two groups were compared. Eleven patients with acute cerebral infarction combined with hip fracture, who underwent surgical treatment, were selected and compared with those in the non-surgery group. RESULTS: Compared with patients with common acute cerebral infarction, the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score of those with acute cerebral infarction combined with hip fracture was higher (7.2±5.4 vs. 5.6%±4.3, p=0.034), the hospitalization period was prolonged (16.1±8.9% vs. 12.2±5.3, p=0.041), and the half a year recovery rate was lower (26.7% vs. 53.3%, p=0.016). Additionally, the incidence of pulmonary infection and lower extremity deep vein thrombosis was increased (30% vs. 11.7%, p=0.03; 6.7% vs. 0, p=0.043). The one-year mortality rate of patients with hip fracture was higher than that of patients with common cerebral infarction (23.3% vs. 6.7%, p=0.027). Compared with the non-surgical group, the good recovery rate after half a year of surgical treatment of the group with cerebral infarction and acute hip fracture had an increasing trend, while the hospitalization cycle, incidence of complications, and one-year mortality rate were all decreased, although this was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Acute cerebral infarction combined with hip fracture leads to worse neurological recovery, prolonged hospitalization period, increased complications, decreased patient prognosis, and increased one-year mortality. Surgical treatment improves the prognosis of patients with acute cerebral infarction. These findings may provide insights into the management of acute cerebral infarction

Analysis and Modeling of the Growth of Intermetallic Compounds in Aluminum–Steel Joints

In this work, we experimentally and numerically studied the microstructures and growth of intermetallic compounds (IMCs) formed in Al–Fe (aluminum–steel) joints welded by a pulsed double electrode gas metal arc welding (DE-GMAW)-brazing method. The IMCs consist of Fe2Al5 and FeAl3, with Fe2Al5 being the main compound in the joints. The thickness of an IMC layer increases with an increase of the welding current (heat input) into the base metal. EBSD measurement suggests that the preferred crystal orientation of the Fe2Al5 IMC likely provides the necessary path for Al atoms to migrate through the IMC layer for further growth of the Fe2Al5 IMC layer toward the steel substrate. The Monte Carlo method was used to simulate growth of the IMCs in the joints. Numerical results are in good accord with the experimental results, suggesting that Fe2Al5 IMC is first formed in the initial brazing interface between liquid Al and steel substrate, and then the interface between the liquid Al and steel substrate evolves into two new interfaces: one is an interface between the Fe2Al5IMC layer and the steel substrate, and the other is an interface between the Fe2Al5 IMC layer and liquid Al. During growth of the Fe2Al5 IMC, FeAl3 IMC forms in the interface between the Fe2Al5 IMC layer and the Al and then grows into the Al. The thickness of the Fe2Al5 layer increases nonlinearly with an increase in the growth time

Gait Recognition in the Wild: A Large-scale Benchmark and NAS-based Baseline

Gait benchmarks empower the research community to train and evaluate high-performance gait recognition systems. Even though growing efforts have been devoted to cross-view recognition, academia is restricted by current existing databases captured in the controlled environment. In this paper, we contribute a new benchmark and strong baseline for Gait REcognition in the Wild (GREW). The GREW dataset is constructed from natural videos, which contain hundreds of cameras and thousands of hours of streams in open systems. With tremendous manual annotations, the GREW consists of 26K identities and 128K sequences with rich attributes for unconstrained gait recognition. Moreover, we add a distractor set of over 233K sequences, making it more suitable for real-world applications. Compared with prevailing predefined cross-view datasets, the GREW has diverse and practical view variations, as well as more naturally challenging factors. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first large-scale dataset for gait recognition in the wild. Equipped with this benchmark, we dissect the unconstrained gait recognition problem, where representative appearance-based and model-based methods are explored. The proposed GREW benchmark proves to be essential for both training and evaluating gait recognizers in unconstrained scenarios. In addition, we propose the Single Path One-Shot neural architecture search with uniform sampling for Gait recognition, named SPOSGait, which is the first NAS-based gait recognition model. In experiments, SPOSGait achieves state-of-the-art performance on the CASIA-B, OU-MVLP, Gait3D, and GREW benchmarks, outperforming existing approaches by a large margin. The code will be released at https://github.com/XiandaGuo/SPOSGait.Comment: Extension of our ICCV 2021 wor

Fused Deposition Modeling PEEK Implants for Personalized Surgical Application: From Clinical Need to Biofabrication

Three-dimensional printing (3DP) technology is suitable for manufacturing personalized orthopedic implants for reconstruction surgery. Compared with traditional titanium, polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) is the ideal material for 3DP orthopedic implants due to its various advantages, including thermoplasticity, thermal stability, high chemical stability, and radiolucency suitable elastic modulus. However, it is challenging to develop a well-designed method and manufacturing technique to meet the clinical needs because it requires elaborate details and interplays with clinical work. Furthermore, establishing surgical standards for new implants requires many clinical cases and an accumulation of surgical experience. Thus, there are few case reports on using 3DP PEEK implants in clinical practice. Herein, we formed a team with a lot of engineers, scientists, and doctors and conducted a series of studies on the 3DP PEEK implants for chest wall reconstruction. First, the thoracic surgeons sort out the specific types of chest wall defects. Then, the engineers designed the shape of the implant and performed finite element analysis for every implant. To meet the clinical needs and mechanical requirements of implants, we developed a new fused deposition modeling technology to make personalized PEEK implants. Overall, the thoracic surgeons have used 114 personalized 3DP PEEK implants to reconstruct the chest wall defect and further established the surgical standards of the implants as part of the Chinese clinical guidelines. The surface modification technique and composite process are developed to overcome the new clinical problems of implant-related complications after surgery. Finally, the major challenges and possible solutions to translating 3DP PEEK implants into a mature and prevalent clinical product are discussed in the paper

MALAT1 Activates the P53 Signaling Pathway by Regulating MDM2 to Promote Ischemic Stroke

Background/Aims: This study focused on evaluating the effect of MALAT1 and MDM2 on ischemic stroke through regulation of the p53 signaling pathway. Materials: Bioinformatics analysis was performed to identify abnormally expressed lncRNAs, mRNAs and their associated pathways. Oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) in cells and middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) in mice were performed to simulate an ischemic stroke environment. Western blot and qRT-PCR were used to examine lncRNA expression and mRNA levels. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) LncRNA was used to locate mRNA. MTT and flow cytometry were performed to examine cell proliferation and apoptosis. Finally, immunohistochemistry was used to observe the expression of genes in vivo. Results: MALAT1 and MDM2, which exhibit strong expression in stroke tissues, were subjected to bioinformatics analysis, and the p53 pathway was chosen for further study. MALAT1, MDM2 and p53 signaling pathway-related proteins were all up regulated in OGD/R cells. Furthermore, Malat1, Mdm2 and p53 pathway related-proteins were also up regulated in MCAO/R mice. Both MALAT1 and MDM2 were localized in the nuclei. Down regulation of MALAT1 and MDM2 enhanced cell proliferation ability and reduced apoptosis, resulting in decreased infarct size in MCAO/R brains. Conclusion: These results indicate that MALAT1/MDM2/p53 signaling pathway axis may provide more effective clinical therapeutic strategy for patients with ischemic stroke

Pulsed Laser Beam Welding of Pd\u3csub\u3e43\u3c/sub\u3eCu\u3csub\u3e27\u3c/sub\u3eNi\u3csub\u3e10\u3c/sub\u3eP\u3csub\u3e20\u3c/sub\u3e Bulk Metallic Glass

We used pulsed laser beam welding method to join Pd43Cu27Ni10P20 (at.%) bulk metallic glass and characterized the properties of the joint. Fusion zone and heat-affected zone in the weld joint can be maintained completely amorphous as confirmed by X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry. No visible defects were observed in the weld joint. Nanoindentation and bend tests were carried out to determine the mechanical properties of the weld joint. Fusion zone and heat-affected zone exhibit very similar elastic moduli and hardness when compared to the base material, and the weld joint shows high ductility in bending which is accomplished through the operation of multiple shear bands. Our results reveal that pulsed laser beam welding under appropriate processing parameters provides a practical viable method to join bulk metallic glasses

Comparative studies on the multi-component pharmacokinetics of Aristolochiae Fructus and honey-fried Aristolochiae Fructus extracts after oral administration in rats

PK parameters of 7-OH AA I in rats after oral administration of AF and HAF. (DOC 37 kb