Effectiveness of hydropathic compress of dandelion in ameliorating complications of arteriovenous fistula

Purpose: To investigate the effect of dandelion hydropathic compress on the complications of autologous arteriovenous fistula (AVF).Methods: From January to June 2019, a total of 162 patients treated with arteriovenous fistula for hemodialysis in the blood purification department of Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University were enrolled. They were randomly assigned at a ratio of 1:1 to receive either conventional infrared irradiation (control group) or conventional irradiation plus dandelion hydropathic compress (study group). The clinical endpoint was the amelioration of the complications of arteriovenous fistula after 6 months of treatment.Results: Dandelion hydropathic compress combined with conventional infrared irradiation was associated with a significantly higher clinical efficacy (96.30 %) than conventional infrared irradiation alone (77.78 %). The application of dandelion hydropathic compress plus infrared irradiation resulted in significantly reduced pain, a better quality of life, and a lower incidence of complications (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Dandelion hydropathic compress plus routine nursing and infrared irradiation lower the incidence of complications, improve blood flow, relieve pain, and enhance the quality of life of patients. Further clinical trials are needed to confirm the usefulness of this therapeutic strategy

Determination of ketamine in rabbit plasma by gradient elution liquid chromatography/electrospray mass spectrometry

A sensitive and simple liquid chromatography/electrospray mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) method for determination of ketamine in rabbit plasma using one-step protein precipitation was developed and validated. After addition of methadone as internal standard (IS), protein precipitation by acetonitrile was used as sample preparation. Chromatographically separation was achieved on an SB-C18 (2.1 mm × 50 mm, 3.5 μm) column with methanol-0.1 % formic acid as the mobile phase with gradient elution. Electrospray ionization (ESI) source was applied and operated in positive ion mode; multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode was used to quantification using target fragment ions m/z 237.7 → 219.7 for ketamine and m/z 309.9 → 264.8 for the IS. Calibration plots were linear over the range of 5-1000 ng/mL for ketamine in rabbit plasma. Lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) for ketamine was 5 ng/mL. Mean recovery of ketamine from plasma was in the range of 97.5-100.1 %. RSD of intra-day and inter-day precision were both less than 11 %. This method is simple and sensitive enough to be used in pharmacokinetic research for determination of ketamine in rabbit plasma.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Determination of ketamine in rabbit plasma by gradient elution liquid chromatography/electrospray mass spectrometry

A sensitive and simple liquid chromatography/electrospray mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) method for determination of ketamine in rabbit plasma using one-step protein precipitation was developed and validated. After addition of methadone as internal standard (IS), protein precipitation by acetonitrile was used as sample preparation. Chromatographically separation was achieved on an SB-C18 (2.1 mm × 50 mm, 3.5 μm) column with methanol-0.1 % formic acid as the mobile phase with gradient elution. Electrospray ionization (ESI) source was applied and operated in positive ion mode; multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode was used to quantification using target fragment ions m/z 237.7 → 219.7 for ketamine and m/z 309.9 → 264.8 for the IS. Calibration plots were linear over the range of 5-1000 ng/mL for ketamine in rabbit plasma. Lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) for ketamine was 5 ng/mL. Mean recovery of ketamine from plasma was in the range of 97.5-100.1 %. RSD of intra-day and inter-day precision were both less than 11 %. This method is simple and sensitive enough to be used in pharmacokinetic research for determination of ketamine in rabbit plasma.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Determination of bupropion hydrochloride in rat plasma by LC-MS/MS and Its application to pharmacokinetic study

A selective and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for quantitation of bupropion hydrochloride in rat plasma using triazolam as an internal standard. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a SB-C18 column at 30 °C, with 50: 50 (v/v) acetonitrile-0.1 % formic acid in water as mobile phase. The flow rate was 0.3 mL/min. The determination of bupropion was performed in MRM mode, m/z 239.9 → 183.7 for bupropion and m/z 343.0 → 308.0 for triazolam (IS) and positive ion electrospray ionization interface. Calibration curve was linear over range of 1.2 to 480 ng/mL. The intra- and inter-run relative standard deviations of the assay were less than 10 %. The mean absolute recoveries determined at the concentrations of 2.4, 48 and 360 ng/mLwere 91.00%, 92.06%, 91.71%, respectively. The validated method is successfully used to analyze the drug in samples of rat plasma for pharmacokinetic study.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Determination of dextromethorphan in rabbit plasma by LC-MS/MS and its application to pharmacokinetic study

A highly sensitive liquid chromatographic tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) method for determination of dextromethorphan in rabbit plasma using triazolam as the internal standard (IS) was developed. Plasma samples were extracted with ethyl acetate and separated on a SB-C18 column with a mobile phase of acetonitrile-water 60:40 (v/v) at a flow of 0.3 mL/min. Detection is carried out by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) on a ion-trap LC-MS/MS system with an electrospray ionization interface. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 1 ng/mL. After intravenous administration of a single dose of dextromethorphan 2 mg/kg, the main pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows: AUC0→t 636.13 ± 47.13 (ng/mL·h); CL 2.60 ± 0.24 (L/h), Cmax 874 ± 67.16 (ng/mL), Vz 1.58 ± 0.11 (L/kg), T1/2 2.41 ± 0.35 (h), MRT 1.26 ± 0.08 (h).Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Determination of dextromethorphan in rabbit plasma by LC-MS/MS and its application to pharmacokinetic study

A highly sensitive liquid chromatographic tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) method for determination of dextromethorphan in rabbit plasma using triazolam as the internal standard (IS) was developed. Plasma samples were extracted with ethyl acetate and separated on a SB-C18 column with a mobile phase of acetonitrile-water 60:40 (v/v) at a flow of 0.3 mL/min. Detection is carried out by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) on a ion-trap LC-MS/MS system with an electrospray ionization interface. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 1 ng/mL. After intravenous administration of a single dose of dextromethorphan 2 mg/kg, the main pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows: AUC0→t 636.13 ± 47.13 (ng/mL·h); CL 2.60 ± 0.24 (L/h), Cmax 874 ± 67.16 (ng/mL), Vz 1.58 ± 0.11 (L/kg), T1/2 2.41 ± 0.35 (h), MRT 1.26 ± 0.08 (h).Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Determination of bupropion hydrochloride in rat plasma by LC-MS/MS and Its application to pharmacokinetic study

A selective and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for quantitation of bupropion hydrochloride in rat plasma using triazolam as an internal standard. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a SB-C18 column at 30 °C, with 50: 50 (v/v) acetonitrile-0.1 % formic acid in water as mobile phase. The flow rate was 0.3 mL/min. The determination of bupropion was performed in MRM mode, m/z 239.9 → 183.7 for bupropion and m/z 343.0 → 308.0 for triazolam (IS) and positive ion electrospray ionization interface. Calibration curve was linear over range of 1.2 to 480 ng/mL. The intra- and inter-run relative standard deviations of the assay were less than 10 %. The mean absolute recoveries determined at the concentrations of 2.4, 48 and 360 ng/mLwere 91.00%, 92.06%, 91.71%, respectively. The validated method is successfully used to analyze the drug in samples of rat plasma for pharmacokinetic study.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Determination of gemcitabine in rabbit plasma by LC-ESI-MS using an Allure PFP propyl column

A sensitive and selective liquid chromatography/electrospray mass spectrometry (LC-ESIMS) method for determination of gemcitabine in rabbit plasma was developed. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Restek Allure (TM) PFP Propyl (2.1 mm × 100 mm, 5 µm) column with (85: 15, v/v) methanol-water as mobile phase. Electrospray ionization (ESI) source was applied and operated in positive ion mode; selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode was used to quantify gemcitabine using target fragment ions m/z 264. Calibration plots were linear over the range of 5-4000 ng/mL for gemcitabine in plasma. Lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) for gemcitabine was 5 ng/mL. Mean recovery of gemcitabine from plasma was in the range 91.0-95.5 %. RSD of intra-day and inter-day precision were less than 10 %, respectively. This method is simple, sensitive and fast enough to be used in pharmacokinetic research for determination of gemcitabine in rabbit plasma.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Quantification of torsemide in rabbit plasma by liquid chromatography/electrospray mass spectrometry and its application

A sensitive and simple liquid chromatography/electrospray mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) method for determination of torsemide in rabbit plasma using one-step protein precipitation was developed and validated. After addition of midazolam as internal standard (IS), protein precipitation by acetonitrile was used in sample preparation. Chromatographically separation was achieved on an SB-C18 (2.1 mm×150 mm, 5 μm) column with acetonitrile-0.1 % formic acid as the mobile phase with gradient elution. Electrospray ionization (ESI) source was applied and operated in positive ion mode; selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode was used to quantification using target fragment ions m/z 349 for torsemide and m/z 326 for the IS. Calibration plots were linear over the range of 5-1000 ng/mL for torsemide in rabbit plasma. Lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) for torsemide was 5 ng/mL. Mean recovery of torsemide from plasma was in the range of 82.7-88.2 %. CV of intra-day and inter-day precision were both less than 15 %. This method is simple and sensitive enough to be used in pharmacokinetic research for determination of torsemide in rabbit plasma.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Gradient elution LC-ESI-MS determination of tramadol in rat plasma

A sensitive and simple liquid chromatography/electrospray mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) method for determination of tramadol in rat plasma using one-step protein precipitation was developed. After addition of ketamine as internal standard (IS), protein precipitation by acetonitrile was used as sample preparation. Chromatographic separation was achieved on an SB-C18 (2.1 mm × 50 mm, 3.5 μm) column with methanol-0.1 % formic acid as mobile phase with gradient elution. Electrospray ionization (ESI) source was applied and operated in positive ion mode; selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode was used to quantification using target fragment ions m/z 264.0 for tramadol and m/z 237.8 for the IS. Calibration plots were linear over the range of 5-500 ng/mL for tramadol in rat plasma. Lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) for tramadol was 5 ng/mL. Mean recovery of tramadol from plasma was in the range 92.8 %-97.4 %. RSD of intra-day and inter-day precision were both less than 10 %. This method is simple and sensitive enough to be used in pharmacokinetic research for determination of tramadol in rat plasma.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire