1,783 research outputs found
Reconstruction of the primordial power spectra with Planck and BICEP2
By using the cubic spline interpolation method, we reconstruct the shape of
the primordial scalar and tensor power spectra from the recently released {\it
Planck} temperature and BICEP2 polarization cosmic microwave background data.
We find that the vanishing scalar index running (\dd n_s/\dd\ln k) model is
strongly disfavored at more than confidence level on the
Mpc scale. Furthermore, the power-law parameterization gives a blue-tilt
tensor spectrum, no matter using only the first 5 bandpowers or the full 9 bandpowers of BICEP2 data sets. Unlike the large
tensor-to-scalar ratio value () under the scale-invariant tensor
spectrum assumption, our interpolation approach gives by using the first 5 bandpowers of BICEP2 data. After comparing the
results with/without BICEP2 data, we find that {\it Planck} temperature with
small tensor amplitude signals and BICEP2 polarization data with large tensor
amplitude signals dominate the tensor spectrum reconstruction on the large and
small scales, respectively. Hence, the resulting blue tensor tilt actually
reflects the tension between {\it Planck} and BICEP2 data.Comment: complementary results without BICEP2 added, references add, typos
corrected, 10 figures, 5 tables, 11 page
Changes in Tropical Clouds and Atmospheric Circulation Associated with Rapid Adjustment Induced by Increased Atmospheric CO2 A Multiscale Modeling Framework Study
The radiative heating increase due to increased CO2 concentration is the primary source for the rapid adjustment of atmospheric circulation and clouds. In this study, we investigate the rapid adjustment resulting from doubling of CO2 and its physical mechanism using a multiscale modeling framework (MMF). The MMF includes an advanced higher-order turbulence closure in its cloud-resolving model component and simulates realistic shallow and deep cloud climatology and boundary layer turbulence. The rapid adjustment over the tropics is characterized by 1) reduced ascent and descent strengths over the ocean, 2) increased lower tropospheric stability (LTS) over the subsidence region, 3) shoaling of planetary boundary layers over the ocean, 4) increased deep convection over lands and shift of cloud coverage from the ocean to lands, and 5) reduced sensible (SH) and latent heat (LH) fluxes over the oceanic deep convective regions. Unlike conventional general circulation models and another MMF, a reduction in the global-mean shortwave cloud radiative cooling is not simulated, due to the increase in low clouds at lower altitudes over the ocean, resulting from reduced cloud-top entrainment due to strengthened inversion. Changes in regional circulation play a key role in cloud changes and shift of cloud coverage to lands. Weaker energy transport resulting from water vapor and cloud CO2 masking effects reduces the upward motion and convective clouds in the oceanic regions. The ocean-land transports are linked to the partitioning of surface SH and LH fluxes that increases humidity over lands and enhances deep convection over the tropical lands
Non-Gaussian features from the inverse volume corrections in loop quantum cosmology
In this paper we study the non-Gaussian features of the primordial
fluctuations in loop quantum cosmology with the inverse volume corrections. The
detailed analysis is performed in the single field slow-roll inflationary
models. However, our results reflect the universal characteristics of
bispectrum in loop quantum cosmology. The main corrections to the scalar
bispectrum come from two aspects: one is the modifications to the standard
Bunch-Davies vacuum, the other is the corrections to the background dependent
variables, such as slow-roll parameters. Our calculations show that the loop
quantum corrections make of the inflationary models increase
0.1%. Moreover, we find that two new shapes arise, namely and
. The former gives a unique loop quantum feature which is less
correlated with the local, equilateral and single types, while the latter is
highly correlated with the local one.Comment: matched to the published version. 30 pages, 4 figure
その場観察法を用いたSiの一方向凝固過程における固液界面の発展に関する研究
Tohoku University藤原航三課
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