630 research outputs found
Do Statin Medications Improve Periodontal Health and/or Outcomes? A Systematic Review
Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141378/1/cap0194.pd
Design of Direct and Indirect Wind Energy Harvest Systems
-Developing wind energy by using wind collector and
electroactive materials are proposed and investigated in this
article. Two systems will be considered to harvest energy:
direct and indirect system. In direct system, wind induced
drag force directly blow and vibrate the electroactive
materials in the duct for generating electricity. Wind flowguided
mechanism is designed to collect arbitrarily blowing
wind in environment and guide the flow direction
perpendicular to the cross section of the nozzle as much as
possible so that more uniform velocity distribution profile is
achieved. Nozzle accelerator is designed for the purpose of
increasing wind velocity. Indirect system uses gear as
additional mechanism to impact and vibrate the electroactive
materials. Two types of indirect system integrating the wind
collector with fan and roof turbine ventilator to impact and
vibrate electroactive materials are proposed
On the Significance and Predicted Functional Effects of the Crown-to-Implant Ratio: a Finite Element Study of Long-Term Implant Stability Using High-Resolution, Nonlinear Numerical Analysis
poster abstractBackground. As the use of short dental implants becomes increasingly popular, the effects of the crown-to-implant (C/I) ratio on stress and strain distributions remain controversial. Previous studies in literature disagree on results of interest and level of necessary technical detail.
Purpose. The present study sought to evaluate the strain distribution and assess its functional implications in a single implant-supported crown with various C/I ratios placed in the maxillary molar region.
Materials and Methods. A high-fidelity, nonlinear finite-element model was developed to simulate multiple clinical scenarios by laterally loading a set of single implants with various implant lengths and crown heights. Strain distribution and maximum equivalent strain were analyzed to evaluate the effects and significance of the crown height, implant length and C/I ratio. The consistency of predicted functional responses to resulting strain at the implant interface were analyzed by interface surface area.
Results. Results were evaluated according to the mechanostat hypothesis to predict functional response to strain. Overloading and effects of strain concentrations were more prevalent with increasing C/I ratios. Overloading was predicted for all configurations to varying degrees, and increased with decreasing implant lengths. Fracture in trabecular bone was predicted for at least one C/I ratio and all implant lengths of 10 mm or less.
Conclusions. Higher C/I ratios and lower implant lengths increase the biomechanical risks of overloading and fracture. Increasing C/I ratios augment the functional effects of other implant design factors, particularly implant interface features. Greater C/I ratios may be achieved with implant designs that induce less significant strain concentrations
Analysis and Design of Roof Turbine Ventilator for Wind Energy Harvest
Harvesting energy using roof turbine ventilator and
electroactive material has been investigated to verify its
performance. Since electric power gained from a single piece of
regular size is usually small, auxiliary device to vibrate
multiple pieces of electroactive materials in order to harvest
more power is required. In this paper, an attempt of using the
developed nozzle wind collector associated with the popular
roof turbine ventilator employed with gear mechanism to
impact and vibrate a group of electroactive material to
generate electricity is proposed. Number of blade and blade
angle of the roof turbine ventilator are influential to the
effectiveness of wind collection. Also, number of electroactive
material employed on the turbine ventilator under the wind
speed in environment eventually determines the efficiency of
wind harvest. A simple model is derived to estimate the
minimum driving force from the wind power that needs to
overcome the inertia of the turbine ventilator mechanism and
the electromechanical energy conversion of electroactive
materials. Wind drag force is calculated by using CFD is
assumed to provide such driving force. Various combinations
of the blade angle, number of blade and electroactive material
actuators are investigated in simulations. Optimum design
concerning the environment wind resource and configuration
of turbine ventilator is discussed. According to several case
studies, a few of design trends is addressed for better efficiency
of energy harvest. Since multiple electroactive materials are
employed, circuitry design with parallel input sources is
implemented to sum up the current and integrate the power
Case Report: Neurally adjusted ventilatory assist as an effective rescue treatment for pulmonary interstitial emphysema in extremely low birth weight infants
Pulmonary interstitial emphysema (PIE) is a complication observed in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants on mechanical ventilation. Despite various proposed therapeutic interventions, the success rates have shown inconsistency. Neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA) stands out as a novel respiratory support mode, offering lower pressure and tidal volume in comparison to conventional ventilation methods. In this case report, we present five ELBW infants with refractory PIE who were transitioned to NAVA ventilation. Following the switch to NAVA, all cases of PIE gradually resolved. In contrast to traditional modes, NAVA provided respiratory support with significantly lower fraction of inspired oxygen, reduced peak inspiratory pressure, diminished mean airway pressure, and decreased tidal volume within 7 days of NAVA utilization (pâ=â0.042, 0.043, 0.043, and 0.042, respectively). Consequently, we propose that NAVA could serve as a valuable rescue treatment for ELBW infants with PIE
Zero-shot Domain-sensitive Speech Recognition with Prompt-conditioning Fine-tuning
In this work, we propose a method to create domain-sensitive speech
recognition models that utilize textual domain information by conditioning its
generation on a given text prompt. This is accomplished by fine-tuning a
pre-trained, end-to-end model (Whisper) to learn from demonstrations with
prompt examples. We show that this ability can be generalized to different
domains and even various prompt contexts, with our model gaining a Word Error
Rate (WER) reduction of up to 33% on unseen datasets from various domains, such
as medical conversation, air traffic control communication, and financial
meetings. Considering the limited availability of audio-transcript pair data,
we further extend our method to text-only fine-tuning to achieve domain
sensitivity as well as domain adaptation. We demonstrate that our text-only
fine-tuned model can also attend to various prompt contexts, with the model
reaching the most WER reduction of 29% on the medical conversation dataset.Comment: F-T Liao and Y-C Chan contributed equall
Effects of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic ProteinĂą 2 on Vertical Bone Augmentation in a Canine Model
Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141765/1/jper0896.pd
Atomically-thin metallic Si and Ge allotropes with high Fermi velocities
Silicon and germanium are the well-known materials used to manufacture
electronic devices for the integrated circuits but they themselves are not
considered as promising options for interconnecting the devices due to their
semiconducting nature. We have discovered that both Si and Ge atoms can form
unexpected metallic monolayer structures which are more stable than the
extensively studied semimetallic silicene and germanene, respectively. More
importantly, the newly discovered two-dimensional allotropes of Si and Ge have
Fermi velocities superior to the Dirac fermions in graphene, indicating that
the metal wires needed in the silicon-based integrated circuits can be made of
Si atom itself without incompatibility, allowing for all-silicon-based
integrated circuits.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures, 1 tabl
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