Účinok kŕmych aditív vo výkrme bažantov

Fattening pheasants for the production of quality meat is a relatively recent development. With its high protein and low fat content, meat of pheasant is a highly nutritious food whose value exceeds that of broiler chickens meat. Despite the fact that the intensive rearing of pheasants has developed relatively quickly in recent years, information on the fattening capabilities and slaughter values of pheasants is often insufficient in the current literature. The length of the fattening period also differs in the literature and reported from 13 to 20 weeks while highest weight gains of pheasants to occur between 4 and 12 weeks of age. Growth of pheasants is also reflected in the weight and dimensions of internal organs, crop, oesophagus, gizzard and intestine grow up to 12 weeks of age, after which they develop their physiological ability. The structure, weight and length of the digestive tract and other internal organs of pheasants depend on housing system, gender and nutrition. Relatively few investigations were conducted to determine the influence of feed additives on fattening performance of pheasants. One of the possibilities is the use of humic acids in nutrition pheasant. Humic acids are organic compounds naturally present in soil and they positively affected growth ability, feed conversion and reducing mortality.Výkrm bažantov na produkciu kvalitného mäsa má relatívne krátku históriu. So svojím vysokým obsahom bielkovín a nízkym obsahom tuku, je mäso bažantov vysoko výživnou potravinou, ktorého hodnota prevyšuje mäso brojlerových kurčiat. Napriek tomu, že intenzívny chov bažantov sa v posledných rokoch relatívne rýchlo vyvíja, odborných informácií o možnostiach výkrmu a jatočnej hodnote bažantov je pomerne málo. Odporúčaná dĺžka výkrmu sa odlišuje aj v literatúre a pohybuje sa od 13 do 20 týždňov, pričom najvyššie prírastky bažantov sa dosahujú medzi 4. a 12. týždňom veku. Rast bažantov sa odráža aj v hmotnosti a rozmeroch vnútorných orgánov, hrvoľ, pažerák, žalúdok a črevá rastú až 12 týždňov, potom sa rozvíjajú ich fyziologické schopnosti. Štruktúra, hmotnosť a dĺžka tráviaceho traktu a vnútorných orgánov bažantov závisí systému chovu, pohlavia a výživy. Relatívne málo experimentov bolo realizovaných za účelom zistenie vplyvu doplnkových látok na výkrmové ukazovatele bažantov. Jednou z možností je použitie humínových kyselín vo výžive výkrmových bažantov. Humínové kyseliny sú organické zlúčeniny prirodzene prítomné v pôde a pozitívne ovplyvňujú rastovú schopnosť, konverziu krmiva a znižujú mortalitu

Hidden Markov models in speech recognition

Voice control is one of the perspective areas of interdisciplinary field called Human Machine Interface (HMI). By the voice control of machines, we usually deal with the recognition of commands from previously defined set. There are many different techniques of speech recognition. At presence, Hidden Markov Models (HMM) are among the most frequently used. This article includes basic terms as well as required mathematical apparatus from stated area

The analysis of serum mineral profile of cows before and after calving: A case study

Article Details: Received: 2020-10-14 | Accepted: 2020-11-27 | Available online: 2021-01-31https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2021.24.mi-prap.89-92High-yielding dairy cows have several critical periods during lactation. These include the drying period, parturition, postpartum period and the first 100 days of lactation. The mineral profile displays the balanced feed ration appropriate for the category. Therefore, investigation of serum mineral profile of dry cows and cows in 12th week after calving was the aim of this study. In this work 12 high producing Holstein Friesian dairy cows from dairy farm were used. The analysed elements Ca2+, P, Na+, K+, Mg2+ and chlorides (Cl-) were determined at 4th week after drying  and during 12th week after calving. The data obtained were compared with the standard for dairy cows. Compared to reference interval, before calving 8 and after calving 5 cows had hypocalcaemia. Hypophosphatemia was detected for 2 cows before calving and 3 after calving. For the other elements Na, K, Mg2+ and chlorides (Cl-) no deviations from the reference intervals were found. In blood serum mineral profile between dry cows and cows in 12th week of lactation significant differences were found for Mg Cl- (increase) and K (decrease). Results shown, that main problem of dry and lactating cows was the hypocalcaemia and partly the hypophosphatemia.Keywords: metabolic test, mineral profile, blood serum, dairy cowReferencesAiello, S. E. (1998). The Merck veterinary manual (No. Ea9 DEPOSITO FV).Bertoni, G., Trevisi, E., & Lombardelli, R. (2009). Some new aspects of nutrition, health conditions and fertility of intensively reared dairy cows. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 8(4), 491-518. 10.4081/ijas.2009.491Blood, D.C., &Radostits, O.M. (1994). Veterinary Medicine: A textbook of the diseases of cattle, sheep, pigs, goats and horses. 8th ed. W.B. Saunders Co.Burke, C. R., Meier, S., McDougall, S., Compton, C., Mitchell, M., & Roche, J. R. (2010). Relationships between endometritis and metabolic state during the transition period in pasture-grazed dairy cows. Journal of dairy science, 93(11), 5363-5373. 10.3168/jds.2010-3356 Donat, K., Siebert, W., Menzer, E., & Söllner-Donat, S. (2016). Long-term trends in the metabolic profile test results in German Holstein dairy herds in Thuringia, Germany. Tierärztliche Praxis Ausgabe G: Großtiere/Nutztiere, 44(02), 73-82.  10.15653/TPG-150948Gross, J., van Dorland, H. A., Bruckmaier, R. M., & Schwarz, F. J. (2011). Performance and metabolic profile of dairy cows during a lactational and deliberately induced negative energy balance with subsequent realimentation. Journal of dairy science, 94(4), 1820-1830. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2010-3707Hadžimusić, N., & Krnić, J. (2012). Values of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium concentrations in blood plasma of cows in dependence on the reproductive cycle and season. Journal of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istambul University, 38(1), 1-8.Hanušovský, O., Šimko, M., & Bíro, D. (2017) Kontinuálne sledovanie parametrov bachorového prostredia využitím prenosu dát nízkofrekvenčným signálom. Nitra: Slovenská poľnohospodárska univerzita v Nitre, ISBN 978-80-552-1746-8.Hofírek, B., Dvořák, R., Němeček, L., Doležel, R., & Pospíšil, Z. (2009). Nemoci skotu. 1. vyd., Brno: Noviko as, Česká buiatrická společnost, 1149 s.Jovanovic, J.M., Rajic, I., Pesterac, V., Crcev, D., & Cokrevski, S. (1997). Parametri krvi visoko steonih i tek oteljenih krava hranjenih obrocima razlicitog sastava. Veterinarski Glasnik 51, 231-244.Kahn, C. M. (2005). The Merck Veterinary Manual 9th ed. White house station, NJ, USA, Merck & CO. Kaneko, J.J. (2008). Carbohydrate Metabolism and Its Diseases. In: Kaneko, J.J., Harvey, J.W., Bruss, M.L., (Eds.), Clinical biochemistry of domestic animals. 6th ed. New York, Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012396305-5/50004-XKantíková, M., & Balážik, T. (2003). Diagnostika metabolických porúch alebo prevencia. Slovenský chov, 8(7), 39-40.Kraft, W. (Ed.). (2005). Klinische labordiagnostik in der tiermedizin. Schattauer Verlag.LeBlanc, S. J., Leslie, K. E., & Duffield, T. F. (2005). Metabolic predictors of displaced abomasum in dairy cattle. Journal of dairy science, 88(1), 159-170. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)72674-6Palmer, L. S., & Eckles, C. H. (1927). Effect of Phosphorus Deficient Rations on Blood Composition in Cattle. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine, 24(4), 307-309. https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-24-3341Prodanović, R., Kirovski, D., Jakić-Dimić, D., Vujanac, I., & Kureljušić, B. (2010). Telesna kondicija i pokazatelji energetskog statusa krava u visokom graviditetu i ranoj fazi laktacije. Veterinarski glasnik, 64(1-2), 43-52. 10.2298/VETGL1002043PSchröder, B., & Breves, G. (2006). Mechanisms and regulation of calcium absorption from the gastrointestinal tract in pigs and ruminants: comparative aspects with special emphasis on hypocalcemia in dairy cows. Animal Health Research Reviews, 7(1-2), 31. 10.1017/S1466252307001144 Šamanc, H., Stojić, V., Kirovski, D., Jovanović, M., Cernescu, H., & Vujanac, I. (2010). Thyroid hormones concentrations during the mid-dry period: An early indicator of fatty liver in Holstein-Friesian dairy cows. Journal of thyroid research, 2010. https://doi.org/10.4061/2010/897602Šimko, M., Bíro, D., Čerešňáková, Z., Juráček, M., & Gálik, B. (2009). The effect of wheat and maize meal on rumen fermentation and apparent nutrient digestibility in cattle. Slovak Journal of Animal Science, 42(Supplement), 99-103.Slanina, Ľ., & Sokol, J. (1991). Vademecum veterinárneho lekára. Bratislava, Príroda

The impact of the humic acid and phytobiotics on performance and carcass parameters of broiler chickens

Received: 2018-05-29 | Accepted: 2018-05-29 | Available online: 2018-11-26https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2018.21.04.173-178The aim of this experiment was to determine the influence of humic substances, and combination humic substances and selected phytobiotics on production and carcass parameters of broiler chickens. In experiment from total 200 one-day-old ROSS 308 chickens were randomized into four groups (n = 50). The control group was fed with basal diet (BD) without any additives. Group of chickens marked as treatment 1 (T1) was fed a BD containing 2% of humic acid, the group marked as treatment 2 (T2) was fed a BD containing 78% of humic acids, 18% of garlic powder (Allium sativum L.), 1% of milled dried leaves of wormwood (Artemisia absinthium), 1% of milled dried leaves of thyme (Thymus vulgaris), 1% of milled dried leaves of oregano (Origanum vulgare) and 1% of milled dried leaves of bogbean (Menyanthes trifoliata), together 2 kg /100kg complete feed mixture (BD). In the group marked as treatment T3 were chicken fed with BD containing industrially produced coccidiostats. Experiment lasted 42 days. At the end of the experiment was average body weight (values in the order of the groups: 1808.03 ±212.39; 1981.75 ±203.32; 1895.59 ±178.75 and 1955.31 ±237.16 g ±SD) significantly higher (P0.05).Keywords: Allium sativum L., Artemisa absinthium, broiler chicken, carcass parameters, humic acid, Menyanthes trifoliata, Origanum vulgare, performance parameters, Thymus vulgarisReferencesAlipour, F., Hassanabadi, A., Golian, A., Nassiri-Moghaddam, H. (2015) Effect of plant extracts derived from thyme on male broiler performance. Poutry Science, 94 (11), 2630-2634. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3382/ps/pev220Bacler-Żbikowska, B. (2012) Zasoby gatunkowe cennych roślin leczniczych powiatu włoszczowskiego. Część 3 – bobrek trójlistkowy Menyanthes trifoliata L. Annales Academiae Medicae Silesiensis, 66 (6), 7-12.Bertella, A,  Benlahcen, K,  Abouamama, S., Pinto, D.C.G.A., Maamar, K., Kihal, M., Silva, A.M.S. (2018)  Artemisia herba-alba Asso. essential oil antibacterial activity and acute toxicity. Industrial Crops and Products, 116, 137-143.  DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.02.064Ceylan, N., Çiftçi, İ., İlhan, Z. (2003) The effects of some alternative feed additives for antibiotic growth promoters on the performance and gut microflora of broiler chicks. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 27 (3), 727-733.Diaz-Sanchez, S., D’Souza, D., Biswas, D., Hanning, I. (2015) Botanical alternatives to antibiotics for use in organic poultry production. Poultry Science,  94 (6), 1419-1430.  DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3382/ps/pev014Giannenas, I., Bonos, E., Christaki, E., Florou-Paneri, P. (2018) Oregano: A Feed Additive with Functional Properties. In: Therapeutic Foods, A volume in Handbook of Food Bioengineering, 179–208.Hafeez, A., Manner, K., Schieder, C., Zentek, J.  (2016) Effect of supplementation of phytogenic feed additives (powdered vs.encapsulated) on performance and nutrient digestibility in broiler chickens. Poultry Science,  95 (3), 622-629. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3382/ps/pev368Haselmeyer, A., Zentek, J., Chizzola, R. (2014) Effects of thyme as a feed additive in broiler chickens on thymol in gut contents, blood plasma, liver and muscle. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 95 (3), 504508. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.6758 Hassan, H.M.A., M.A. Mohamed, A.W. Youssef, E.R. Hassan, (2010) Effect of using organic acids to substitute antibiotic growth promoters on performance and intestinal microflora of broilers. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 23, (10) 1348-1353. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3382/japr.2013-00901Issa, K. M., Omar, J. M. A. (2012) Effect of garlic powder on performance and lipid profile of broilers. Open Journal of Animal Sciences, 2 (2), 62-68. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojas.2012.22010Kamali Sangani A, Masoudi A.A, Hosseini S.A (2014) The effects of herbal plants on mucin 2 gene expression and performance in ascetic broilers. IJVM 8 (1), 47-52.Khan, U, Nikousefat, Z, Tufarelli, V, Naz, S,Javdani, M, Laudadio, V. (2010) Garlic (Allium sativum L.) supplementation in poultry diets: effect on production and physiology. World's Poultry Science Journal,   68 (3), 417-24.Kuldeep Dhama, Ruchi Tiwari, Rifat Ullah Khan et al. (2014) Growth Promoters and Novel Feed Additives Improving Poultry Production and Health, Bioactive Principles and Beneficial Applications: The Trends and Advances-A Review. International Journal of Pharmacology, 10 (3), 129-159. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ijp.2014.129.159Lala, A. O., Okwelum, N., Oso, A. O., Ajao, A. O., Adegbenjo, A. A. (2017) Response of Broiler Chickens to Varying Dosage of Humic Acid in Drinking Water. Journal of Animal Production Research, 29 (1), 288-294.  Mansoub, N.H. (2011) Comparative Effects of Using Garlic as Probiotic on Performance and Serum Composition of Broiler Chickens. Annals of Biological Research, 2 (3), 486-490.Marcinčáková, D., Mačanga, J., Nagy, J., Marcinčák, S., Popelka, P., Vašková, J., Jaďuttová, I., Mellen, M. (2015) Effect of supplementation of the diet with humic acids on growth performance and carcass yield of broilers. Folia Veterinaria, 59 (3), 165-168.Milošević, N., Vidica Stanaćev, V.,  Perić, L., Stojčić, M. D., Veljić, M. (2013)  Effects of different levels of garlic powder in the diet on production parameters and slaughter traits of broiler chickens. Einfluss verschiedener Zulagen an Knoblauchpulver zum Futter auf Leistung und Schlachtkörpermerkmale von Broilern.  Archiv für Geflügelkunde., 77 (4), 254-259.Nagaraju, R., Reddy, B.S., Gloridoss, R., Suresh, B.N., Ramesh, C. (2014) Effect of dietary supplementation of humic acids on performance of broilers. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences, 84 (4), 447-452.Ozturk, E., Ocak, N., Turan, A.,  Cankaya, S. (2012) Performance, carcass, gastrointestinal tract and meat quality traits, and selected blood parameters of broilers fed diets supplemented with humic substances. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 92 (1), 59-65.Peek, H., W.,  Landman, W., J., M.  (2011)  Coccidiosis in poultry: anticoccidial products, vaccines and other prevention strategies, 31 (3), 143-161. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01652176.2011.605247Pourmahmoud, B.,  Aghazadeh, A. M., Sis, N. M. (2013) The effect of thyme extract on growth performance, digestive organ weights and serum lipoproteins of broilers fed wheat- based diets. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 12 (3), 337-341. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4081/ijas.2013.e53Ramiah, S. K., Zulkifli, I., Rahim, N. A. A., Ebrahimi, M., Meng, G. Y. (2014) Effects of Two Herbal Extracts and Virginiamycin Supplementation on Growth Performance, Intestinal Microflora Population and Fatty Acid Composition in Broiler Chickens. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 27 (3), 375-382. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2013.13030Samanthi, K.A.M.,  Nayananjalie, W.A.D., Adikari, A.M.J.B., Liyanag, R.  (2015) Dietary Garlic (Allium sativum L.) Supplementation on Performance, Meat Quality and Lipid Profile in Broilers. Rajarata University Journal, 3, 17-24SAS. User’s Guide 2005. Version 9.1(TS1M3). 2005. SAS Institute Inc., Carry.Seddiek, S.A., Ali, M. M., Khater, H. F., El-Shorbagy, M. M.  (2011) Anthelmintic activity of the white wormwood, Artemisia herba-alba against Heterakis gallinarum infecting turkey poults. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 5 (16), 3946-3957.Slyranda Baltini Aji, Kennedy Ignatius, Asha´Adatu Y. Ado, Joel Bakari Nuhu, Auwal Abdulkarim, Usman Aliyu, Muhammad Bello Gambo, Mohammed Adamu Ibrahim, Haruna Akubakar, Mohammed M. Bukar, Hama´Adama M., Imam and Patrik T. Numan. (2011) Effect of feeding Onion (Allium cepa) and Garlic (Allium sativum) on some Performance Characteristic of Broiler Chickens. Research Journal of Poultry Science, 4 (2), 22-27. Stanaćev, V., Glamočić, D., Milošević, N., Puvača, N., Stanaćev, V., Plavša, N. (2011) Effect of garlic (Allium sativum L.) in fattening chick’s nutrition. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 6 (4), 943-948.Šamudovská, A., Demeterová, M.  (2010) Effect of Diet Supplemented with Natural Humic Compounds and Sodium Humate on Performance and Selected Metabolic Variables in Broiler Chickens. Acta Veterinaria Brno, 79 (3), 385-393. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb201079030385Taklimi, S.M.S.M., Ghahri, H., Isakan, M.A. (2012) Influence of different levels of humic acid and esterified glucomannan on growth performance  and intestinal morphology of broiler chickens. Agricultural Sciences, 3 (5), 663-668. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4236/as.2012.35080Toghyani, M., Tohidi, M., Gheisari, A. A, Tabeidian, S. A. (2010) Performance, immunity, serum biochemical and hematological parameters in broiler chicks fed dietary thyme as alternative for an antibiotic growth promoter. African Journal Biotechnology, 9 (40), 6819-6825.Wunderlich, F., Al-Quraishy, S.,  Steinbrenner, H.,  Sies, H.,  Dkhil, M. A. (2014)Towards identifying novel anti-Eimeria agents: trace elements, vitamins, and plant-based natural products.  Parasitology Research, 113 (10), 3547-3556. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-014-4101-8Zamora, G., M., Melendez, L. A. D., Hume, M.E., Vazquez, R. S.  (2017) Performance, blood parameters, and carcass yield of broiler chickens supplemented with Mexican oregano oil. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia-Brazilian Journal of Animal Science, 46 (6), 515-520.  DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1806-9290201700060000

Reproduction performances, growth and slaughter traits analysis of rabbit of Nitra breed

Received: 2018-05-11 | Accepted: 2018-05-14 | Available online: 2018-11-26https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2018.21.04.162-165The aim of the research was to analyse the Rabbit of Nitra in terms of its reproduction and production performance. All rabbits used for research were raised within a home environment (4 breeding sources). The research was focused on reproduction parameters (the number of live born kits, the number of weaned kits), growth parameters – growth performance (1st day, 21st day, 42nd day to 119th day), slaughter parameters (dressing out percentage, the weight of individual parts of carcass body). Detected live weight in adult males weight was 5291.48 ±546.39 g. In adult females average live weight was 4623.10 ±458.41 g. The weight of live born pups of rabbits on day 1 was 57.84 ±1.08 g, weight on 21st day 310.09 ±7.21 g, weight on 42nd day from 1034.26 ±50.70 g up to 1128.13 ±30.78 g, 77th day from 2126.48 ±85.49 g up to 2243.70 ±47.07 g and 91th day from 2379.29 ±31.22 g up to 2653.53 ±37.86 g. An average dressing out percentage was 62.47±0.23%.  Keywords: dressing performance, growth performance, meat production performance, rabbits ReferencesBianospino, E., Wechsler, F.S., Moura, A.S.A.M.T., Fernandes, S. (2004) Growth traits and dressing percentage of straightbred and crossbred rabbits. In: Proceeding 8th World Rabbit Congress. [Online] Available at: https://world-rabbit-science.com/WRSA-Proceedings/Congress-2004 Puebla/Papers/Meat%20Quality/Q-Bianospono-2.pdf [Accessed 1 September 2017].Bízková, Z., Tůmová, E. (2009) Evaluation of rabbit meat yield.  Maso, 20 (5), 48-50.Blasco, A., Ouhayoun, J. (1996) Harmonization of criteria and terminology in rabbit    meat research. Revised proposal. World rabbit science, 4 (2), 93-99. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4995/wrs.1996.278Bolet, G., Brun, J.M.,  Levechestrier, S., Lopez, M., Boucher, S.(2004) Evaluation of the reproductive performance of eight rabbit breeds on experimental farms. Animal Research, 53 (1), 59-65. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1051/animres:2003043 Dalle Zotte, A. (2000) Main factors influencing the rabbit carcass and meat quality. In: Proceeding of 7th World Rabbit Congress. [Online] Available at: https://world-rabbit-science.com/WRSA-Proceedings/Congress-2000-Valencia/Papers/Growth&%20Meat/Q00-DalleZotte.pdf. [Accessed 1 September 2017].Dalle Zotte, A. (2002) Perception of rabbit meat quality and major factors influencing the rabbit carcass and meat quality. Livest. Prod. Sci., 75, 11-32. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0301-6226(01)00308-6  Dokoupilová, A., Mach, K., Majzlík, I., Zavadilová, L. (2006) Use of traditional breeds for breeding and hybridization of broiler rabbit. In: Current trends in broiler rabbit breeding. Nitra: Research institute for animal production Nitra, 31-38.Jenisová, E. (2013) Quality of broiler rabbit carcass from small stud. Nitra: Slovak University of Agriculture.Lukefahr, S.D., Hohenboken, W.D., Cheeke, P.R., Patton, N.M. (1983) Appraisal of nine genetic groups of rabbits for carcass and lean yield traits. Journal of Animal Science, 57, 899-907. In: Tůmová, E.,  Martinec, M., Chodová, D. Analysis of Czech rabbit genetic resources.Mach, K., Majzlík, I., Zavadilová, L. (2006) The fattening and slaughter value of the final hybrids ♂PS59x♀PS19 depending on slaughter weight. In: Current trends in broiler rabbit breeding. Nitra: Research institute for animal production Nitra, 21-30.Mach, K.  (1992) Selected genetic and production aspects of rabbit meat production. Association professor thesis. Prague: Faculty of Agronomy, Czech University of Life Sciences.Skřivanová, V., Marounek, M., Tůmová, E., Skřivan, M., Laštovková, J. (2000) Performance, carcass yield and quality of meat in broiler rabbits: a comparison of six genotypes. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 45, 91-95.Šmehýl, P. (2010) The breeding of specialized broiler rabbit lines for intensive farming, Nitra: Slovak University of Agriculture.Šmehýl, P. (2017) Growth traits of synthetic broiler rabbit lines. Nitra: Slovak University of Agriculture.Topczewska, J., Rogowska, A., Gacek, L. A. (2013) The effect of breed on reproductive performance in commodity rabbit production. Journal of Central European Agriculture. 14 (2), 828-835 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5513/jcea01/14.2.1271 Tůmová, E., Martinec, M., Chodová, D.  (2011) Analysis of Czech rabbit genetic resources Scientia agriculturae bohemica, 42, 2011 (3), 113–118  https://www.researchgate.net/publication/292703080Tůmová, E., Hrstka, Z. (2013) Comparison of the quality of nutria meat and rabbit. Maso, 24 (5), 47-50.Tůmová, E., Martinec, M., Volek, Z., Härtlová, H., Chodová, D., Bízková, Z. (2013) A study of growth and some blood parameters in Czech rabbits. World Rabbit Sciente, 21 (4), 251-256. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2013.1320Vašíčková, K., Ondruška, Ľ., Baláži, A., Parkányi, V., Vašíček, D. (2016) Genetic characterization of Nitra rabbits and Zobor rabbit. Slovak Journal of Animal Science. 49 (3), 104-111.Volek, Z., Volková, L., Tůmová, E., Chodová, D. (2013) Vliv restrikce krmiva na úžitkovost, kvalitu masa a jatečného těla králíků plemene český albín. Maso, 24 (2), 55-57.Zawiślak, J., Świecicka, N., Surma, D., Bernacka, H. (2015) Analysis of factors affecting the final body weight in selected rabbit breeds. 16 (2), 28-37. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5513/jcea01/16.2.158

Comparative study of productive performance and carcass parameters of Oravka, Amrock and their reciprocal crossbred chickens

Received: 2018-06-06 | Accepted: 2018-06-08 | Available online: 2018-11-26https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2018.21.04.183-185The objective of this study was to compare the pure chicken breeds Oravka (OR; n = 50), Amrock (AM; n = 50) and their cross Oravka×Amrock (ORAM; n = 50) and Amrock×Oravka (AMOR; n = 50) for productive and carcass parameters. The birds were maintained on a deep litter system for a period of 20 weeks. We recorded that crossbred ORAM and AMOR chickens performed better than the average of parental genotypes for body weight and body weight gain in brooding and growing period. The poor (P0.05) difference among pure and crossbred chickens. The highest carcass yield was observed in ORAM (62.53%) followed by AMOR (62.48%), AM (62.41%) and OR (62.39%) chickens.Keywords: body conformation, body weight, chicken, crossbreding, feed utilityReferencesAdebambo, A.O. (2011) Combining abilities among four breeds of chicken for feed efficiency variation: a preliminary assessment for chicken improvement in Nigeria. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 43, 1465-1466. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11250-011-9844-yAlmasi, A., Suto, Z., Budai, Z., Donko, T., Milisits, G., Horn, P. (2012) Effect of age, sex and strain on growth, body composition and carcass characteristics of dual purpose type chicken. World´s Poultry Science Journal, Supplement 1, 47-50.Besbes, B. (2009) Genotype evaluation and breeding of poultry for performance under sub-optimal village conditions. World´s Poultry Science Journal, 65, 260-271. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.10.17/50043933909000221Brickett, K.E., Dahiya, J.P., Classen, H.L., Gomis, S. (2007) Influence of dietary nutrient density, feed form, and lighting on growth and meat yield of broiler chickens. Poultry Science, 86, 2172-2181.Duncan, D.B. (1955). The Multiple Range and Multiple F-test. Biometrics, 11, 1-42. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3001478Havenstein, G.B., Ferket, P.R., Qureshi, M.A. (2003) Carcass composition and yield of 1957 versus 2001 broilers when fed representative 1957 and 2001 broiler diets. Poultry Science, 82, 1509-1518.Hoffmann, I. (2005) Research and investment in poultry genetic resources-challengs and options for sustainable use. World’s Poultry Science Journal, 61, 57-69. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1079/WPS200449Iraqi, M.M., Afifi, E.A., Abdel-Ghany, A.M., Afram, M. (2005) Diallel crossing analysis for livability data involving two standard and two native Egyptian chicken breeds. Livestock Research for Rural Development, 17 (7).Janocha, A., Osek, M., Klocek, B., Wasilowska, Z., Turyk, Z. (2003) Quality evaluation of broiler chickens of various genetic groups. Appl. Sci. Rep. Anim. Prod. Rev., 68, 141-148.JASP 0.8.6 software (2018).Khawaja, T., Khan, S. H., Mukhtar, N., Parveen, A. (2012) Comparative study of growth performance, meat quality and haematological parameters of Fayoumi, Rhode Island Red and their reciprocal crossbred chickens. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 11, e39. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4081/ijas.2012.e39Khawaja, T., Khan, S. H., Parveen, A., Iqbal, J. (2016) Growth performance, meat composition and haematological parameters of first generation of newly evolved hybridized pure chicken and their crossbred parents. Veterinarski Arhiv, 86 (1), 135-148.Nawar, M.E., Aly, O.M., Abd El-Hamid, A.E. (2004) The effect of crossing on some economic traits in chickens. Egyptian Poultry Science Journal, 24, 163-176.Sengül, T., Cetin, M., Konca, Y., Yildiz, A. (2003) Comparison of growth performance and carcass yield of some commercial broilers. Journal of Poultry Research, 3 (1), 12-16.Sharaf, M.M., Mandour, M.A., Taha, A.E. (2006) Effect of diallel crossing on same growth performance, carcass traits and immune response against new castle disease virus vaccine of Japanese quails. Egyptian Poultry Science, 3, 1451-1470

Effects of Beta-Glucan on Performance of Broiler Rabbits

An experiment was conducted in order to evaluate the effects of beta glucan on selected breeding properties of broiler rabbits. The goal was to compare the results in two groups of animals, which were administered different beta glucan doses, during a period of time between weaning (day 42 after the birth) and day 84 after the birth. Control group K was administered per oral suspension of Sulfacox, preparation against coccidiosis. Experimental group E1 was served a per oral water suspension of beta glucan powder, in concentration 5 g/L for every 5 kg of body weight. Experimental group E2 was served a per oral water suspension of beta glucan powder, in concentration 10 g/L for every 5 kg of body weight. At day 84 after the birth, control group C average body weight was 2515.75g, compared to 2459.88g in group E1 and 2455.77g in group E2. Two mortalities were noted in control group C between day 49 and 63, compared to two mortalities in group E1 and one mortality in group E2 during the same period of time. In all cases, coccidiosis was the reason for mortalities. In all animals, no statistically significant differences in selected breeding properties were observed

Analyze the Chosen Production Criteria of Carrier Pigeons

The aim of this work was to analyze the chosen production criteria of carrier pigeons. We observed the weight of the squabs on the 28th day and their weight before the slaughtering. The slaughtering was carried out before and after the young pigeons left the nest. We recorded the squabs´ growing intensity and weekly weight gain in the nest (1st – 35th day), live weight before the birds were slaughtered, the weight after the birds were slaughtered (defeathered and decapitated birds), the carcass weight (defeathered, decapitated and with internal organs retracted birds) and dressed weight (%). The pigeons’ average weight was 396. 85 g (min. 292. 00 g, max. 489.00 g) when they were 4 weeks old. The average pigeons’ weight recorded before leaving the nest and slaughtering was 427.42 g (min.335.00 g, max. 502.00 g).  The average pigeons’ weight recorded before leaving the nest, but after the slaughtering (defeathered, decapitated birds after bleeding) was 369.46 g (min. 308.00 g, max. 441.00 g). The average pigeons’ weight recorded after leaving the nest, but before slaughtering was 482.88 g (min. 413.00 g, max. 560.00 g). The average pigeons’ weight recorded after leaving the nest and slaughtering (defeathered, decapitated birds after bleeding) was 407.75 g (min. 321.00 g, max. 503.00 g). The average weigh on hatch day was 19.63 g (min. 18.00 g, max. 20.00 g). After 7 days, the pigeons‘average weight was 101.38 g (min. 89.00 g, max. 104.00 g). The average weight of 14 days old pigeons was 213.38 g (min. 163.00 g, max. 261.00 g). The average weight of 21 days old pigeons was 295.63 g (min.234.00 g, max. 347.00 g) and the average weight of 28 days old pigeons was 358.13 g (min. 292.00 g, max. 412.00 g). The last weighting was recorded on the 35th day and the average pigeons ‘weight was 397.13 g (min. 350.00 g a max. 426.00 g). Before the pigeons left the nest the carcass weight was 275.42 g (min. 182.00 g, max. 335.00 g). After the pigeons left the nest the carcass weight was 316.56 g, (min. 260.00 g, max. 359.00 g). Before leaving the nest pigeons’ dressed weight presented 64.09 %, (min. 54.33 %, max. 70.40 %) of the observed criterion and after leaving the nest pigeons’ dressed weight presented 65.51 %, (min. 54.87 %, max. 68.13 %) of  the observed criterion

Analysis of Three Methods of Weaning on Selected Parameters of Broiler Rabbits

The goal was to compare three different ways of weaning on growth and mortality of rabbits. Three groups were formed. In Group 1 were pups from their mothers weaned on day 42. They were removed from the cage of a mother and transferred to new cages. In group 2 it was the 35th day of the entire litter and the mother transferred to a new cage. On day 42, the mother removed. In group 3 was the mother of the litter collected on day 42 and the pups remain in the original cage. It was not used any medication. We watched individual weight at 42. 49. 56. and 63. day life rabbits. We also observed mortality and health. In Group 1, we recorded the lowest level of growth 42 day - 956.05 g; day 49 - 1172.83 g; day 56 - 1315.45 g; 63. day - 1505.21 g. In group 2, we recorded growth levels 42nd day - 959.02 g; 49 day -1212.23 g; day 56 - 1327.98 g; 63. day - 1520.39 g. In group 3, we recorded growth levels 42nd day - 958.02 g; 49 day -1212.62 g; day 56 - 1336.35 g; 63. day - 1525.86 g. In group 1 mortality rate reached 28.21%. In Group 2, the mortality reached 11.11%. In Group 3 the mortality reached 6.38%. The cause of death was alimentary disorders

Analyze the Chosen Production Criteria of Carrier Pigeons

The aim of this work was to analyze the chosen production criteria of carrier pigeons. We observed the weight of the squabs on the 28th day and their weight before the slaughtering. The slaughtering was carried out before and after the young pigeons left the nest. We recorded the squabs´ growing intensity and weekly weight gain in the nest (1st – 35th day), live weight before the birds were slaughtered, the weight after the birds were slaughtered (defeathered and decapitated birds), the carcass weight (defeathered, decapitated and with internal organs retracted birds) and dressed weight (%). The pigeons’ average weight was 396. 85 g (min. 292. 00 g, max. 489.00 g) when they were 4 weeks old. The average pigeons’ weight recorded before leaving the nest and slaughtering was 427.42 g (min.335.00 g, max. 502.00 g).  The average pigeons’ weight recorded before leaving the nest, but after the slaughtering (defeathered, decapitated birds after bleeding) was 369.46 g (min. 308.00 g, max. 441.00 g). The average pigeons’ weight recorded after leaving the nest, but before slaughtering was 482.88 g (min. 413.00 g, max. 560.00 g). The average pigeons’ weight recorded after leaving the nest and slaughtering (defeathered, decapitated birds after bleeding) was 407.75 g (min. 321.00 g, max. 503.00 g). The average weigh on hatch day was 19.63 g (min. 18.00 g, max. 20.00 g). After 7 days, the pigeons‘average weight was 101.38 g (min. 89.00 g, max. 104.00 g). The average weight of 14 days old pigeons was 213.38 g (min. 163.00 g, max. 261.00 g). The average weight of 21 days old pigeons was 295.63 g (min.234.00 g, max. 347.00 g) and the average weight of 28 days old pigeons was 358.13 g (min. 292.00 g, max. 412.00 g). The last weighting was recorded on the 35th day and the average pigeons ‘weight was 397.13 g (min. 350.00 g a max. 426.00 g). Before the pigeons left the nest the carcass weight was 275.42 g (min. 182.00 g, max. 335.00 g). After the pigeons left the nest the carcass weight was 316.56 g, (min. 260.00 g, max. 359.00 g). Before leaving the nest pigeons’ dressed weight presented 64.09 %, (min. 54.33 %, max. 70.40 %) of the observed criterion and after leaving the nest pigeons’ dressed weight presented 65.51 %, (min. 54.87 %, max. 68.13 %) of  the observed criterion