NARX neural networks for sequence processing tasks

This project aims at researching and implementing a neural network architecture system for the NARX (Nonlinear AutoRegressive with eXogenous inputs) model, used in sequence processing tasks and particularly in time series prediction. The model can fallback to different types of architectures including time-delay neural networks and multi layer perceptron. The NARX simulator tests and compares the different architectures for both synthetic and real data, including the time series of BSE30 index, inflation rate and lake Huron water level. A guideline it's provided for any specialist in the fields of finance, weather forecasting, demography, sales, physics, etc. in order for him to be able to predict and analyze the forecast for any numerical based statistic

The Effects of Migration and Remittances in Rural Moldova

Remittances in Moldova reach 36% of GDP, hence they constitute an essential part of the Moldovan economy. The most visible characteristic of remittances is their unequal distribution. The analysis applying the standard Lorenz Curve proves that 75% receiving households gets only 25% of total amount being sent to the country. The way remittances are distributed does not seem to be random. Higher amounts go in general to younger and more educated households. Remittances strongly influence the economic potential of households, especially if they are high enough. They often constitute the main source of households' income, but they not discourage the members of receiving households from economic activity. It indicates that migration and working abroad is the manifest of economic activity, on the other hand it suggest that lack of employment opportunities in the country is an important reason for migration. Those who obtain remittances tend to have higher share of investments in their total household spending. Significant share of remittances for all groups is spent on education - the basic investment increasing the future competitiveness. In rural areas remittances are much more often used to improve the quality of farms than to start running other businesses. It seems that lack of infrastructure and good governance is the main reason for which educated and young emigrants sending significant amounts of money do not decide to invest them in entrepreneurial activities. Eradicating these impediments for local development should be become a highest priority.Moldova, migrations, remittances, labor market, welfare, rural areas

CONTENT OF GLYCOGEN IN LIVER AND KETON BODIES IN BLOOD OF MUSCOVY DUCKS DURING STARVING ENVISAGED IN THE METHODS FOR BALANCED EXPERIMENTS

The biochemical indexes “glycogen in liver” and “ketones in blood” of 0-108 hours feed deprived (according to methods for balanced experiments) 22-24 weeks old Muscovy ducklings with and without energy additives were determined. There were 3 groups of ducks- 1-st without energy supplement, 2-nd- fed with 50 g. glucose per os (as 25% solution) – twice in 24 hours, 3-rd with the same amount of glucose solution, but 3 times/24 hours. The levels of liver glycogen in all the food-deprived ducks were signifi cantly lower (3930- 9910 mg/kg) compared to the levels of the same index in fed birds (10540 mg/kg tissue). In the birds receiving energy additive they were higher compared to those deprived of the additive throughout the experimental period. The content of ketones in blood increased in the ducks starving (from 0.0095 to 0.018 mmol/l) and deprived of energy additive as early as the 24th hour, after which they decreased signifi cantly. The energy additive (30g glucose/24 hours) helped the maintenance of the energy metabolism during continuous food depriving of the experimental ducks. Three-time daily allowance of the additive adapted better the bird organism to starvation.Установени са биохимичните индекси “гликоген в черен дроб” и кетони в кръв” при 0-108 часа лишени от храна 22-24 седмични Мускусни патета (съгласно методика за балансови опити). Формирани бяха 3 групи от птици – първата без енергийна добавка, на втората се даваше per os по 50 g глюкоза като 25% воден разтвор 2 пъти в денонощие, а на третата – същото количество, но 3 пъти в динонощие. Нивото на гликоген в черен дроб на всички лишени от храна патета (3930-9910 mg/kg) бе достоверно по – малко от същия показател при хранените птици (10540 mg/kg). При птиците получавали енергийна добавка, то бе по – високо в сравнение с неполучавалите такава за целия опитен период. Съдържанието на кетотела в кръвта се повишава при гладуване и лишаване от енергийна добавка до 24 час (от 0.0095 дo 0.018 mmol/l), след което достоверно намалява. Енергийната добавка (30 g глюкоза/ 24 часа) спомага за поддържането на енергийния метаболизъм при продължително лишаване от храна на опитните патици. Трикратното разпределение на същата в денонощието адаптира по – добре птичия организъм към гладуването

COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF LACTINA® PROBIOTIC ON SOME MICROBIOLOGICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DIGESTIVE TRACT OF MUSCOVY DUCKLINGS

A study on the infl uence of Lactina probiotics on the content of some microbial species and some histological characteristics in the intestine of Muscovy ducklings has been conducted. The authors proved, that Lactina probiotic had a signifi cant effect on the microfl ora in the large intestines, suppressing the development of the enterococci and pathogenic bacteria of Salmonella species and stimulating the development of the lactic acid bacteria. The structure of the intestinal wall corresponded to an active functional status, no signifi cant differences being established in the histological structure between the experimental and the control groups.Проведено е изследване на влиянието на пробиотик Лактина върху съдържанието на някои микробиални видове и някои микробиологични характеристики на микробиалния тракт на Мускусни патета. Авторите доказват, че пробиотикът Лактина влияе значително върху микрофлората дебелите черва, като подтиска развитието на ентерококи и патогенни бактерии от род Salmonella и стимулира развитието на млечнокисели бактерии. Структурата на тънките черва има активен функционален статус, като не са открити значителни разлики в хистологичния строеж между контролната и опитната групи

CONTENT OF GLYCOGEN IN LIVER AND KETON BODIES IN BLOOD OF MUSCOVY DUCKS DURING STARVING ENVISAGED IN THE METHODS FOR BALANCED EXPERIMENTS

The biochemical indexes “glycogen in liver” and “ketones in blood” of 0-108 hours feed deprived (according to methods for balanced experiments) 22-24 weeks old Muscovy ducklings with and without energy additives were determined. There were 3 groups of ducks- 1-st without energy supplement, 2-nd- fed with 50 g. glucose per os (as 25% solution) – twice in 24 hours, 3-rd with the same amount of glucose solution, but 3 times/24 hours. The levels of liver glycogen in all the food-deprived ducks were signifi cantly lower (3930- 9910 mg/kg) compared to the levels of the same index in fed birds (10540 mg/kg tissue). In the birds receiving energy additive they were higher compared to those deprived of the additive throughout the experimental period. The content of ketones in blood increased in the ducks starving (from 0.0095 to 0.018 mmol/l) and deprived of energy additive as early as the 24th hour, after which they decreased signifi cantly. The energy additive (30g glucose/24 hours) helped the maintenance of the energy metabolism during continuous food depriving of the experimental ducks. Three-time daily allowance of the additive adapted better the bird organism to starvation.Установени са биохимичните индекси “гликоген в черен дроб” и кетони в кръв” при 0-108 часа лишени от храна 22-24 седмични Мускусни патета (съгласно методика за балансови опити). Формирани бяха 3 групи от птици – първата без енергийна добавка, на втората се даваше per os по 50 g глюкоза като 25% воден разтвор 2 пъти в денонощие, а на третата – същото количество, но 3 пъти в динонощие. Нивото на гликоген в черен дроб на всички лишени от храна патета (3930-9910 mg/kg) бе достоверно по – малко от същия показател при хранените птици (10540 mg/kg). При птиците получавали енергийна добавка, то бе по – високо в сравнение с неполучавалите такава за целия опитен период. Съдържанието на кетотела в кръвта се повишава при гладуване и лишаване от енергийна добавка до 24 час (от 0.0095 дo 0.018 mmol/l), след което достоверно намалява. Енергийната добавка (30 g глюкоза/ 24 часа) спомага за поддържането на енергийния метаболизъм при продължително лишаване от храна на опитните патици. Трикратното разпределение на същата в денонощието адаптира по – добре птичия организъм към гладуването

METHODS FOR CAECECTOMY OF MUSCOVY DUCKS REGARDING BALANCE EXPERIMENTS OF DIGESTIBILIY ESTABLISHING II. RECOVERY PERIOD

Some indexes of the recovery period of Muscovy ducklings after caecectomy have been studied. It’ established, that the birds recover the water intake 9 hours, the excreting- 12-15 hours after and the feed consumption (by food offering 24 hours after operation) – 72-90 hours after the operation

CONTENT OF GLYCOGEN IN LIVER AND KETOBODIES IN BLOOD OF JAPANESE QUAILS (COTURNIX COTURNIX JAPONICA) DURING STARVATION ENVISAGED IN THE METHODS OF BALANCE EXPERIMENTS

The biochemical indexes “glycogen in liver” and “ketones in blood” of 0-72 hours feed deprived (according to methods for balanced experiments) Japanese quails with and without energy additives were determined. There were 2 groups of birds- 1-st without energy supplement, 2-nd- fed with 1 g. glucose per os (as 25% solution) – twice in 24 hours. The levels of liver glycogen in all the food-deprived quails were signifi cantly lower from -6910 (12-th hour of starving)-to 4960mg/kg (72 hour of starving) compared to the levels of the same index in fed birds (11990 mg/kg tissue). In the birds receiving energy additive they were higher compared to those deprived of the additive throughout the experimental period. The content of ketones in blood of the control birds was 0.015 mmol/l. The same index increased to 0.027 mmol/l in the feed and energy additive deprived group after the 36 hour of starving, but in the group became energy support, the contents of ketones were lower for the whole period of starving. The energy additive (1g glucose/24 hours) helped the maintenance of the energy metabolism during continuous food depriving of the experimental quails.Установени са биохимичните показатели “гликоген в черния дроб “ и “кетони в кръвта” при 0-72 часа лишени от храна Японски пъдпъдъци с и без енергийна добавка (съгласно методика за балансови опити). Формирани бяха 2 групи от птици – първата без енергийна добавка, а втората получаваше по 1g глюкоза per os (като 25% р-р) – двукратно в денонощието. Нивото на чернодробния гликоген в черния дроб на всички лишени от храна пъдпъдъци беше значително по- ниско -от 6910 (на 12 час от гладуването) – до 5690mg/kg (на 72 час от гладуването) в сравнение със същия показател при хранените птици (11 990mg/kg). При птиците получавали енергийна добавка, то бе по-високо в сравнение с неполучавалите такава за целия опитен период. Съдържанието на кетотела в кръвта на контролните птици бе 0,015 mmol/l. Същия индекс нараства до 0,027mmol/l при гладуване и лишаване от енергийна добавка след 36 час, но при групата с енергийна добавка съдържанието на кетони бе по-ниско за целия опитен период. Енергийната добавка (1g глюкоза / 24 часа) подпомага поддържането на енергийния метаболизъм при продължително лишаване от храна на опитните пъдпъдъци

ВЛИЯНИЕ НА “OVOCAP” ВЪРХУ НОСЛИВОСТТА НА ДИВАТА ПАТИЦА (ANAS PLATYRRHYNCHOS)

The effect of OVOCAP preparation (based on capsaicin of Capsicum annuum) was tested on native mallards (Anas platyrrhynchоs) reproduced on a farm and settled in various areas at a defi nite age. Treatment of the experimental mallards following a prescribed scheme has caused signifi cant increase of the laying intensity – by 17,7 units above the control, as well as decrease of the forage consumption per egg.Изпитано е действието на препарата OVOCAP (базиран на алкалоида capsaicin от червения пипер) върху фермено размножаваните и разселвани на определена възраст по различни местообитания диви патици (Anas platyrrhynchоs). Третирането на опитните патици по определена схема е довело до съществено повишаване на интензивността на снасяне – със 17,7 пункта над контролните, а също и до снижаване на разхода на фураж за едно яйце

A free trade area between the Repbulic of Moldova and the European Union: feasibility, perspectives and potential impact.

This publication has been launched within the project “European Union – Republic of Moldova Trade Relations: Current Situation and Perspectives for Enhancement”. The project is sponsored by the Moldova-Soros Foundation. The major goal of this project is to help Moldovan government formulate and adopt balanced and sound positions for the future negotiations with the European Commission, so that an “enhanced trade regime” contributing to the economic modernization of the country and economic integration with EU is achieved.free trade agreement; feasibility study; Moldova; European Union;