A Structural Reinforcement Layer with Woodchips Used on Forest Roads

Described biotechnical measures focus on the use of woodchips in the formation of a structural reinforcement layer on forest roads in the places with high levels of groundwater. These are often short sections of roads which can thus block off entire forests. In history, these sections were overcome using corduroy roads. Currently, there are tendencies to revive the biotechnical technology and replace logs used for corduroy roads with woodchips. This study investigates the possible reinforcement of a waterlogged section using woodchips in a forest road of multifunctional character, which serves for cycling as well as timber transport. In total, three different types of reinforcement were constructed using woodchips in combination with geotextile and crushed stone. The reinforcement was tested by common operations using a timber extraction tractor with tandem axle trailer. The modulus of deformation was measured on the surface and the deformation characteristics of the layer were determined. Subsequently, the shape of the reinforcement cross-section was surveyed. The results have shown that, even with very low modulus of deformation values, the shape of the reinforcement cross-section does not change statistically in two types of the reinforcement technology. These two types of reinforcement can be successfully used for forest roads that perform the recreational function or for timber transport by tractor. The main advantages are that renewable material is used and no extraction and moving of the ground occur during its production

UTILIZE OF THE INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR LOGISTICS OF THE MINISTRY OF DEFENCE TO OPTIMIZE MANAGEMENT OF THE ARMY UNITS DEPLOYED WITHIN THE INTEGRATED RESCUE SYSTÉM

Článek charakterizuje možnosti využití Informačního systému logistiky Ministerstva obrany České republiky a Armády České republiky (ISL) při optimalizaci řízení jednotek AČR při nasazení v krizových stavech v oblasti logistické podpory a dopravy.The efficient and flexible logistic support is a prerequisite for success of every military operation. Information System for Logistics of the Ministry of Defence and the Armed Forces of the Czech Republic (ISL) is an integral part of logistic organization and logistic processes of ACR. It significantly contributes to the achievement of the goals and tasks of the military operations a crisis situation. The application software Crisis Management Material Sources is a subsystem of ISL. A special attention is aimed to the support of the logistics in crisis situation and in transport

Recycled Asphalt as an Alternative to Natural Aggregates for Forest Road Reinforcement

The objective of the present paper is to confirm or reject the possible use of recycled asphalt to reinforce forest haul roads regarding the technical requirements set by the standards and directives relevant to the construction of forest road surfaces. The hypothesis is based on the presumption that recycled materials, if correctly used, can reach the same construction properties as standard materials, hence their application does not have a negative effect on reinforcement quality. On a selected stretch of the forest road, three test sections were constructed with the use of recycled asphalt, however, each of them with a different technological solution. The first section was reinforced with unbound mixture – Type1 without added water, the second section was constructed using a version of vibrated macadam technology, and recycled asphalt was applied to the third section by the method of basic compacting. In each of the sections, tacheometric cross profile measurement was carried out at monthly intervals to monitor the changes in the cross profile shape, and the number of passages of fully loaded logging trucks was registered; static load tests were performed at pre-defined time intervals to determine the deformation moduli such as deformation characteristics of the road surface structural layers. In all three reinforcement versions, the values of deformation moduli observed during the static load tests were between 68–90% of the values set by relevant standards for these technologies using natural aggregates. However, the tacheometric measurements did not reveal statistically significant changes in the shape of the reinforcement cross-section. Based on the obtained results, applying recycled asphalt to reinforce forest roads seems to be a suitable alternative to natural quarry aggregate used in unbound structural layers. Recycled material needs to meet the regulatory limits for foreign elements and pass ecotoxicity tests, which is evidenced by a certificate on material compliance issued by the test laboratory

THE USE OF MODERN TECHNOLOGIES IN THE SYSTEM OF LOCALIZATION AND MANAGEMENT OF MOBILE ENTITIES IN REAL TIME

V článku jsou prezentovány výsledky řešení projektu „Systém lokalizace a řízení mobilních objektů v reálném čase při řešení krizových situací v dopravě“, který byl řešen jako projekt výzkumu a vývoje pro podporu realizace udržitelného rozvoje dopravy podporovaný Ministerstvem dopravy ČR. Podstatou řešení celého projektu byl návrh systému lokalizace a řízení mobilních zdrojů sil a prostředků využívaných při řešení krizových situací. Tento systém řízení je založen na nových komunikačních technologiích, které umožňují vysokou mobilitu a dokonalejší způsob komunikace mezi řídícími a výkonnými prvky systému. Účelem projektu bylo vytvořit efektivnější a operativnější systém řízení mobilních objektů při mimořádných událostech, kdy vývoj krizové situace vyžaduje okamžitou změnu řízení.The article presents the outcomes of the project entitled "The localization and management of mobile entities in real time during crisis management in transportation". This research and development project has been conducted in support of sustainable development of transportation and sponsored by the Ministry of Transport of the Czech Republic. The aim of the project was to design the system of localization and management of mobile resources used in managing the crisis situations. The management system is based on new communication technologies, which allow managerial and executive components of the system high mobility and better way of communication. The project was to create a more effective operational management system of mobile entities in emergency situations when the development of crisis situation requires an immediate change in management

Ecological criterion effect on the forest road network longitudinal gradient

The specific way in which a forest road is designed affects the management in the forest environment and timber transport. The aim of this study was to find out whether an inclusion of the ecological criterion in the forest road design will change the parameter of the longitudinal gradient of forest hauling roads and whether these changes will have an effect on the accessibility of forest stands by timber hauling machinery. The possible changes in the longitudinal gradient can also affect the technology of forest road surfacing and the selection of the appropriate surface type. We can state that an inclusion of the ecological criterion in the forest road network design will bring statistically significant changes in longitudinal gradients of forest hauling roads. The mean longitudinal gradient of the current forest road network is 2.82 % and the mean longitudinal gradient of the forest road network designed with inclusion of the ecological criterion is 4.82 %. The results show statistically significant changes in the longitudinal parameters of forest hauling roads. However, it will not bring a need for a change in construction technology, and will not affect the accessibility of forest stands by timber hauling machinery

THE USE OF MODERN TECHNOLOGIES IN THE SYSTEM OF LOCALIZATION AND MANAGEMENT OF MOBILE ENTITIES IN REAL TIME

V článku jsou prezentovány výsledky řešení projektu „Systém lokalizace a řízení mobilních objektů v reálném čase při řešení krizových situací v dopravě“, který byl řešen jako projekt výzkumu a vývoje pro podporu realizace udržitelného rozvoje dopravy podporovaný Ministerstvem dopravy ČR. Podstatou řešení celého projektu byl návrh systému lokalizace a řízení mobilních zdrojů sil a prostředků využívaných při řešení krizových situací. Tento systém řízení je založen na nových komunikačních technologiích, které umožňují vysokou mobilitu a dokonalejší způsob komunikace mezi řídícími a výkonnými prvky systému. Účelem projektu bylo vytvořit efektivnější a operativnější systém řízení mobilních objektů při mimořádných událostech, kdy vývoj krizové situace vyžaduje okamžitou změnu řízení.The article presents the outcomes of the project entitled "The localization and management of mobile entities in real time during crisis management in transportation". This research and development project has been conducted in support of sustainable development of transportation and sponsored by the Ministry of Transport of the Czech Republic. The aim of the project was to design the system of localization and management of mobile resources used in managing the crisis situations. The management system is based on new communication technologies, which allow managerial and executive components of the system high mobility and better way of communication. The project was to create a more effective operational management system of mobile entities in emergency situations when the development of crisis situation requires an immediate change in management

Optimization of the cleaning process on a pilot filtration setup for waste water treatment accompanied by flow visualization

This paper deals with an optimization of the cleaning process on a liquid flat-sheet filter accompanied by visualization of the inlet side of a filter. The cleaning process has a crucial impact on the hydrodynamic properties of flat-sheet filters. Cleaning methods avoid depositing of particles on the filter surface and forming a filtration cake. Visualization significantly helps to optimize the cleaning methods, because it brings new overall view on the filtration process in time. The optical method, described in the article, enables to see flow behaviour in a thin laser sheet on the inlet side of a tested filter during the cleaning process. Visualization is a strong tool for investigation of the processes on filters in details and it is also possible to determine concentration of particles after an image analysis. The impact of air flow rate, inverse pressure drop and duration on the cleaning mechanism is investigated in the article. Images of the cleaning process are compared to the hydrodynamic data. The tests are carried out on a pilot filtration setup for waste water treatment

Visualization of water flow during filtration using flat filtration materials

Filtration materials are very important elements of some industrial appliances. Water filtration is a separation of solid materials from fluid. Solid particles are captured on the frontal area of the filtration textile and only liquid passes through it. It is important to know the filtration process in a detailed way to be able to develop filtration materials. Visualization of filtration process enables a better view of the filtration. This method also enables to determine efficiency and homogeneity of filtration using image analysis. For this purpose, a new waterfiltration measuring setup was proposed and constructed. Filtration material is mounted into the optically transparent place in the setup. Laser sheet is directed into this place as in the case of Particle Image Velocimetry measuring method. Monochrome and sensitive camera records the light scattered by seeding particles in water. The seeding particles passing through the filter serve for measuring filtration efficiency, and also for visualization of filtration process. Filtration setup enables to measure also the pressure drop and a flow. The signals are processed by National Instruments compactDAQ system and UMA software. Microfibrous and nanofibrous filtration materials are tested by this measuring method. In the case of nanofibrous filtration, appropriate size of seeding particles is needed to be used to perform a process of filtration