3,825 research outputs found
Bostonia: The Boston University Alumni Magazine. Volume 10
Founded in 1900, Bostonia magazine is Boston University's main alumni publication, which covers alumni and student life, as well as university activities, events, and programs
Protein–Protein Interaction Network and Subcellular Localization of the Arabidopsis Thaliana ESCRT Machinery
The endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) consists of several multi-protein subcomplexes which assemble sequentially at the endosomal surface and function in multivesicular body (MVB) biogenesis. While ESCRT has been relatively well characterized in yeasts and mammals, comparably little is known about ESCRT in plants. Here we explored the yeast two-hybrid protein interaction network and subcellular localization of the Arabidopsis thaliana ESCRT machinery. We show that the Arabidopsis ESCRT interactome possesses a number of protein–protein interactions that are either conserved in yeasts and mammals or distinct to plants. We show also that most of the Arabidopsis ESCRT proteins examined at least partially localize to MVBs in plant cells when ectopically expressed on their own or co-expressed with other interacting ESCRT proteins, and some also induce abnormal MVB phenotypes, consistent with their proposed functional role(s) as part of the ESCRT machinery in Arabidopsis. Overall, our results help define the plant ESCRT machinery by highlighting both conserved and unique features when compared to ESCRT in other evolutionarily diverse organisms, providing a foundation for further exploration of ESCRT in plants
"It's making contacts" : notions of social capital and implications for widening access to medical education
Acknowledgements Our thanks to the Medical Schools Council (MSC) of the UK for funding Study A; REACH Scotland for funding Study B; and Queen Mary University of London, and to the medical school applicants and students who gave their time to be interviewed. Our thanks also to Dr Sean Zhou and Dr Sally Curtis, and Manjul Medhi, for their help with data collection for studies A and B respectively. Our thanks also to Dr Lara Varpio, Uniformed Services University of the USA, for her advice and guidance on collating data sets and her comments on the draft manuscript.Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Progress in Demand Response and It’s Industrial Applications
Achieving energy flexibility is becoming a key concern for energy system planners that manage intermittent and variable generations. Industries have enormous potential to deliver large-scale energy flexibility through demand response (DR) programs. This industrial demand flexibility achieved through the demand response programs will enable widespread adoption of renewable sources in the electricity grid network. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of demand response and it’s industrial application by addressing: 1) Current research status, 2) Current stages of demand response applications in industries, and 3) Barriers in the deployment of DR programs. This study shows that there is significant research progress in recent years in the field of DR. It also shows potential applications of DR programs in industries. However, the study found several technical, policy, and financial barriers still exist, limiting the widespread adoption of DR. Thus, this paper offers recommendations on technical, policy, and financial measures needed to over-come the barriers and help facilitate the utilization of demand response potential, especially in industries
Characteristics of EUV coronal jets observed with STEREO/SECCHI
In this paper we present the first comprehensive statistical study of EUV
coronal jets observed with the SECCHI imaging suites of the two STEREO
spacecraft. A catalogue of 79 polar jets is presented, identified from
simultaneous EUV and white-light coronagraph observations, taken during the
time period March 2007 to April 2008. The appearances of the coronal jets were
always correlated with underlying small-scale chromospheric bright points. A
basic characterisation of the morphology and identification of the presence of
helical structure were established with respect to recently proposed models for
their origin and temporal evolution. A classification of the events with
respect to previous jet studies shows that amongst the 79 events there were 37
Eiffel tower-type jet events commonly interpreted as a small-scale (about 35
arcsec) magnetic bipole reconnecting with the ambient unipolar open coronal
magnetic fields at its looptops, and 12 lambda-type jet events commonly
interpreted as reconnection with the ambient field happening at the bipoles
footpoints. Five events were termed micro-CME type jet events because they
resembled the classical coronal mass ejections (CMEs) but on much smaller
scales. A few jets are also found in equatorial coronal holes. The typical
lifetimes in the SECCHI/EUVI (Extreme UltraViolet Imager) field of view between
1.0 to 1.7 solar radius and in SECCHI/COR1 field of view between 1.4 to 4 solar
radius are obtained, and the derived speed are roughly estimated. In summary,
the observations support the assumption of continuous small-scale reconnection
as an intrinsic feature of the solar corona, with its role for the heating of
the corona, particle acceleration, structuring and acceleration of the solar
wind remaining to be explored in more details in further studies.Comment: 20 pages, 7 tables of figures, 2 tables of plots, an appendix with
list event
Molecular Spiders in One Dimension
Molecular spiders are synthetic bio-molecular systems which have "legs" made
of short single-stranded segments of DNA. Spiders move on a surface covered
with single-stranded DNA segments complementary to legs. Different mappings are
established between various models of spiders and simple exclusion processes.
For spiders with simple gait and varying number of legs we compute the
diffusion coefficient; when the hopping is biased we also compute their
velocity.Comment: 14 pages, 2 figure
Updated Constraints on the Minimal Supergravity Model
Recently, refinements have been made on both the theoretical and experimental
determinations of the i.) mass of the lightest Higgs scalar (m_h), ii.) relic
density of cold dark matter in the universe (Omega_CDM h^2), iii.) branching
fraction for radiative B decay BF(b \to s \gamma), iv.) muon anomalous magnetic
moment (a_\mu), and v.) flavor violating decay B_s \to \mu^+\mu^-. Each of
these quantities can be predicted in the MSSM, and each depends in a
non-trivial way on the spectra of SUSY particles. In this paper, we present
updated constraints from each of these quantities on the minimal supergravity
(mSUGRA) model as embedded in the computer program ISAJET. The combination of
constraints points to certain favored regions of model parameter space where
collider and non-accelerator SUSY searches may be more focussed.Comment: 20 pages, 6 figures. Version published in JHE
The Reach of the Fermilab Tevatron and CERN LHC for Gaugino Mediated SUSY Breaking Models
In supersymmetric models with gaugino mediated SUSY breaking (inoMSB), it is
assumed that SUSY breaking on a hidden brane is communicated to the visible
brane via gauge superfields which propagate in the bulk. This leads to GUT
models where the common gaugino mass is the only soft SUSY breaking
term to receive contributions at tree level. To obtain a viable phenomenology,
it is assumed that the gaugino mass is induced at some scale beyond the
GUT scale, and that additional renormalization group running takes place
between and as in a SUSY GUT. We assume an SU(5) SUSY GUT above
the GUT scale, and compute the SUSY particle spectrum expected in models with
inoMSB. We use the Monte Carlo program ISAJET to simulate signals within the
inoMSB model, and compute the SUSY reach including cuts and triggers approriate
to Fermilab Tevatron and CERN LHC experiments. We find no reach for SUSY by the
Tevatron collider in the trilepton channel. %either with or without %identified
tau leptons. At the CERN LHC, values of (1160) GeV can be probed
with 10 (100) fb of integrated luminosity, corresponding to a reach in
terms of of 2150 (2500) GeV. The inoMSB model and mSUGRA can likely
only be differentiated at a linear collider with sufficient energy to
produce sleptons and charginos.Comment: 17 page revtex file with 9 PS figure
Neoadjuvant anti-PD-1 immunotherapy promotes a survival benefit with intratumoral and systemic immune responses in recurrent glioblastoma.
Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults and is associated with poor survival. The Ivy Foundation Early Phase Clinical Trials Consortium conducted a randomized, multi-institution clinical trial to evaluate immune responses and survival following neoadjuvant and/or adjuvant therapy with pembrolizumab in 35 patients with recurrent, surgically resectable glioblastoma. Patients who were randomized to receive neoadjuvant pembrolizumab, with continued adjuvant therapy following surgery, had significantly extended overall survival compared to patients that were randomized to receive adjuvant, post-surgical programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) blockade alone. Neoadjuvant PD-1 blockade was associated with upregulation of T cell- and interferon-γ-related gene expression, but downregulation of cell-cycle-related gene expression within the tumor, which was not seen in patients that received adjuvant therapy alone. Focal induction of programmed death-ligand 1 in the tumor microenvironment, enhanced clonal expansion of T cells, decreased PD-1 expression on peripheral blood T cells and a decreasing monocytic population was observed more frequently in the neoadjuvant group than in patients treated only in the adjuvant setting. These findings suggest that the neoadjuvant administration of PD-1 blockade enhances both the local and systemic antitumor immune response and may represent a more efficacious approach to the treatment of this uniformly lethal brain tumor
Synthesis, Physicochemical Characterization, and Catalytic Evaluation of Fe\u3csup\u3e3+\u3c/sup\u3e-Containing SSZ-70 Zeolite
Whereas one-dimensional, 10-membered ring zeolites are typically used for hydroisomerization, Fe3+-containing SSZ-70 (Fe-SSZ-70) shows remarkable isomerization selectivity for a zeolite containing 12- and partially blocked 14-membered rings, in addition to 10-membered rings. Fe-SSZ-70 was compared to Al3+-containing SSZ-70 (Al-SSZ-70) in constraint index and n-decane hydrocracking tests. Fe-SSZ-70 exhibited a 74% total isomer yield (64% yield of monobranched isomers and 10% cracking yield) at 85% conversion compared to 49% total isomer yield (41% yield of monobranched isomers and 36% cracking yield) for Al-SSZ-70 at the same conversion. The selectivity to isomerization is attributed to the weaker acid strength of Fe-SSZ-70 over Al-SSZ-70. Fe-SSZ-70 was directly synthesized with Fe3+ isomorphously substituted in tetrahedral positions. The coordination environment of the Fe3+ was characterized using Mössbauer, electron paramagnetic resonance, and diffuse reflectance UV-vis spectroscopies. The physicochemical properties were further probed with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy, temperature-programmed desorption of isopropylamine, and nitrogen adsorption-desorption. The Fe3+ was tetrahedrally coordinated in the as-made materials and became partially octahedrally coordinated upon calcination; enough Fe3+ remained in the framework after calcination for Fe-SSZ-70 to remain catalytically active
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