How to Write Scientific Journals of the Highest Standards

One of the requirements of a Ph.D. or Master is to write traditional and systematic reviews, critiques, letters to editors (LTE), case reports or case studies, at least one original article, and sometimes a meta-analysis, all with proficiency and inspiration. This presentation focuses on the ideas from research to publication, i.e., how to depict a distinct image in our mind in order to convert our research into various types of academic papers. Also, this presentation provides a general approach and some key points for writing and successfully publishing journal papers. The presentation will also cover some publication ethics guidelines, ethics of reporting questionnaire-based research, authorship criteria, plagiarism detection and how to avoid plagiarism, duplicate publication, and salami publication

Effects of sports participation on psychological stress in female students in region 3 of Kermanshah

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of sports participation on the psychological stress levels of female students 15-18 years old. Psychological stress is defined as a collection of nonspecific reactions against organisms in reflections and exposure to any factor that should be faced. Stress control includes several factors, and, in particular, sports participation is thought to be effective. This quasi-experimental research was performed using pre-test plan–test, after-test, and control groups. Research subjects for the control group were 30 people chosen randomly. The subjects of stress were tested by a 40-item stress questionnaire and then tested in step independent variable “Sports participation” included volleyball education and skills training for three months and three weekly sessions of 75-90 minutes. This was carried out to investigate its effect on the dependent variable "stress." We did not observe any statistically meaningful difference between the mean scores of stress-control group and experiment group scores at pre-test in p<0.05; however, statistically meaningful differences were observed between the mean scores of stress control group and experiment group scores on the post test stage (p<0.05) and between the mean scores of stress in the control group pre-test and post-test in (p<0.05). In addition, A statistically meaningful difference was observed statistically meaningful differences were observed between the mean scores of stress in the experiment group pre-test and post-test (p<0.05)

Lessons from an IV drug abuser : reform the blood safety surveillance measures.

An IV drug abuser donated his blood to check his HIV status for free. He concealed his past drug abuse, but appropriately chose the Confidential Unit Exclusion (CUE) option. Since the screening for transfusion transmissible infections tested negative, he tried to donate blood for a second time following a consultation session. This time, he declared his past drug behavior and was permanently rejected from further blood donation. Apart from the factors on the donor side, the health interview, donor notification, and post-CUE consultation procedures should also be sufficient for making such donors feel safe about stating their past history of risky behaviors

A problem-based approach to teaching research methodology to medical graduates in Iran

Physicians are reticent to participate in research projects for a variety of reasons. Facilitating the active involvement of doctors in research projects is a high priority for the Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization (IBTO). A one-month training course on research methodology was conducted for a group of physicians in Mashhad, in northeast Iran. The participants were divided in ten groups. They prepared a research proposal under the guidance of a workshop leader. The quality of the research proposals, which were prepared by all participants, went beyond our expectations. All of the research proposals were relevant to blood safety. In this brief report we describe our approach

Medical researchers in non-english countries and concerns about unintentional plagiarism.

In this article the author discusses the different methods to avoid plagiarism considering that non-English medical researchers desire their works published in English language journals. The physicians at blood transfusion in Iran reveals that researchers have problems on English writing which leads to zero knowledge of strategies in avoiding plagiarism. It has been suggested that providing an explicit warning and the use of plagiarism detection software are efficient to avoid plagiarism

Development of ELISA method for primary detection of HCV using core antigen

Studies show that Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) antigens appear before antibody while the early days of infection. Therefore detecting antigens could lead us to diagnosing the infection on time. The aim of this study was to develop a simple and sensitive enzyme immunoassay for the detection of hepatitis C virus (HCV) core antigen in order to evaluate the role of core antigen as a marker of HCV infection. A total of 280 samples was tested by third generation anti-HCV, and the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed only when the anti-HCV enzyme immunoassay (EIA) was positive. All samples were tested with HCV core antigen using Elisa kits. Among the 280 samples, 95 samples were anti-HCV positive. Among those 95 samples, 75 samples were RT-PCR-positive. The cut-off value was set at 0.15 unit of optical density (equivalent to 2.5 pg/ml of core antigen based on the distribution of healthy subjects (anti-HCV-negative subjects). The difference between the mean optical density values of HCV-ribonucleic acid-positive (HCV-RNA-positive) samples and HCV-RNA-negative samples in the HCV core antigen assay was highly significant (1.4 us 0.08, p < 0.005). The sensitivity and specificity of the core antigen assay were 88% and 96%, respectively. The pretreatment of the anti-HCV-positive samples with a solution that contained 1.5 M glycin buffer (pH = 2) increased the sensitivity of the assay (from 57.3% to 88%). This assay is a simple, sensitive, and useful method for use as a screening strategy for HCV infection in anti-HCV-positive or anti-HCV-negative individuals

Teaching Research Methodology in Iran

Physicians are reticent to participate in research projects for a variety of reasons. Facilitating the active involvement of doctors in research projects is a high priority for the Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization (IBTO). A one-month training course on research methodology was conducted for a group of physicians in Mashhad, in northeast Iran. The participants were divided in ten groups. They prepared a research proposal under the guidance of a workshop leader. The quality of the research proposals, which were prepared by all participants, went beyond our expectations. All of the research proposals were relevant to blood safety. In this brief report we describe our approach