Design, Modeling and Optimization of a High-speed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine with Retention Sleeve of Rotor using Taguchi Optimization Method

This paper presents a novel method based on the well-known Taguchi optimization method to design and optimize a high-speed permanent magnet synchronous machine (HS-PMSM). An HS-PMSG is analytically designed at the first step, and next, it has been optimized by the Taguchi optimization method and verified through FEM analysis. Results obtained from the electromagnetic and mechanical simulations of HS-PMSG show that in the optimized design: Owing to the reduction in the thicknesses of the retention sleeve (48.05%) and PM (16.66%), as a consequence, the total size and dimensions of the HS-PMSG are reduced. The weight of PM and the retention sleeve are reduced by about 16.31% and 29.28% responsively, and as a result, the total weight of HS-PMSG is reduced by approximately 1.94%. The Joule loss is reduced by about 9.80%. The HS-PMSG efficiency is improved by 0.02%, and finally, the cogging torque is reduced by 22.44%, compared with the initially designed machine

Determination of the spawning time and changes in the reproduction cycle of ribbon fish, Trichiurus lepturus, according to the hepatosomatic index and gonadosomatic index

The ribbon fishes, belonging to the family Trichiuridae, are one of the most important protein resources in the Indian Ocean. A considerable density of the dominant species of this family, Trichiurus lepturus has been observed in the Oman Sea. During the conducted cruises in the northern part of the Oman Sea, gonadosomatic index (GSI) and hepatosomatic index (HSI) were estimated according to the size of the female groups of Trichiurus lepturus. GSI increases significantly from September to next April (P <0.05). polymodal egg size frequency revealed prolong spawning time by the females. The HSI fluctuations are good indications for this type of reproductive behavior

A Comparison of chromatin structure and PLCζ in sperms of subfertile oligoasthenoteratozoospermic and fertile men

زمینه و هدف: مهم ترین علل عدم فعال شدن تخمک پس از تکنیک های کمک باروری، عدم رهایش فاکتورهای اسپرمی فعال کننده تخمک و آسیب به DNA اسپرم است. PLC&zeta; یکی از فاکتورهای اسپرمی است که در فعال شدن تخمک نقش دارد. هدف از این مطالعه مقایسه PLC&zeta;، کمبود پروتامین (مارکر بلوغ کروماتین اسپرم) و آسیب DNA اسپرم در 2 گروه افراد بارور و نابارور الیگوآستنوتراتوزواسپرمی است. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه شاهد کنترل، نمونه مایع منی از 10 فرد نابارور الیگوآستنوتراتوزواسپرمی و 10 فرد بارور جمع آوری گردید. پارامترهای اسپرمی (غلظت، تحرک و مورفولوژی)، بیان پروتئین PLC&zeta;، آسیب DNA و کمبود پروتامین به ترتیب بر اساس پروتکل سازمان بهداشت جهانی، فلوسایتومتری، رنگ آمیزی TUNEL و کرومایسین A3 مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. یافته ها: درصد اسپرم های PLC&zeta; مثبت، سلامت DNA و محتوی پروتامین در افراد نابارور الیگوآستنوتراتوزواسپرمی نسبت به افراد بارور، به طور معنی داری کمتر بود؛ همچنین ارتباط معنی داری بین درصد اسپرم های PLC&zeta; مثبت با پارامترهای اسپرمی و درصد کمبود پروتامین مشاهده گردید. ارتباط معنی داری نیز بین درصد آسیب DNA اسپرم و کمبود پروتامین مشاهده شد. نتیجه گیری: در این افراد نابارور، سلامت کروماتین اسپرم و درصد اسپرم ها با PLC&zeta; مثبت به شدت کاهش یافته است که می تواند یکی از دلایل عدم لقاح در این افراد باشد؛ لذا روش فعال سازی مصنوعی تخمک برای این نوع ناباروران پیشنهاد می شود

Effects of N-acetyl-cysteine supplementation on sperm quality, chromatin integrity and level of oxidative stress in infertile men

Abstract Background Infertile men have higher levels of semen reactive oxygen species (ROS) than fertile men. High levels of semen ROS can cause sperm dysfunction, sperm DNA damage and reduced male reproductive potential. This study investigated the effects of supplementation with N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) on the sperm quality, chromatin integrity and levels of oxidative stress in infertile men. Methods The study was carried out in the unit of ACECR Infertility Research Center, Qom, Iran. The patients consisted of 50 infertile men with asthenoteratozoospermia who received NAC (600 mg/d) orally for 3 months, after which they were compared with pre-treatment status. Semen was analyzed according to WHO (2010), followed by the assessment of protamine content [chromomycin A3 (CMA3)] and DNA integrity [terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL)]. Oxidative stress markers, i.e. total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as hormonal profile (LH, FSH, Testosterone and Prolactin) were determined by ELISA kit. Results After NAC treatment, patients’ sperm count and motility increased significantly whereas abnormal morphology, DNA fragmentation and protamine deficiency showed significant decreases compared to pre-treatment levels (P < 0.05). Hormonal profile improvement was associated with lowered FSH and LH levels and increased amount of testosterone (P < 0.05). TAC significantly increased and MDA decreased with an inverse significant correlation between TAC and MDA (P < 0.05). Conclusion NAC oral supplementation may improve sperm parameters and oxidative/antioxidant status in infertile males

Autologus Transplantation of Intact Mouse Ovaries in Gluteus Superficialis Muscle

Objective: Anti-cancer therapies frequently lead to ovarian damage and defective fertility. Topreserve fertility, cryopreservation and subsequent transplantation of the ovaries has beensuggested. The aim of this study was to investigate the survival of follicles in intact intramuscularmouse autologous ovaries, according to the time the ovarian tissue remained in thegrafted site.Materials and Methods: Ovaries (n=9) were transplanted intramuscularly into gluteus superficialis.These grafted ovaries were removed after one, two and three weeks from the graftedsite. A histological examination and counting of follicles was then performed. Some ovaries(n= 3) from the same mice were selected randomly for the control group. Hematoxyline andeosin (H & E) staining was used for follicle counting and TUNEL staining for the examinationof apoptosis in grafted tissues.Results: Mean follicular survival was significantly lower in experimental groups compared tothe control group (non-grafted) (p<0.05), because of ischemic damages. Also healthy primordialfollicle numbers in grafted ovaries were higher than other types.Conclusion: Antral follicles are the most sensitive to ischemic damages and primordial folliclesare the least sensitive. Also the presence of healthy follicles in grafted tissues showsthat ovarian transplantation could be a promising method for infertility treatment of patientsdiagnosed with cancer