Hamilton-Jacobi Formulation of KS Entropy for Classical and Quantum Dynamics

A Hamilton-Jacobi formulation of the Lyapunov spectrum and KS entropy is developed. It is numerically efficient and reveals a close relation between the KS invariant and the classical action. This formulation is extended to the quantum domain using the Madelung-Bohm orbits associated with the Schroedinger equation. The resulting quantum KS invariant for a given orbit equals the mean decay rate of the probability density along the orbit, while its ensemble average measures the mean growth rate of configuration-space information for the quantum system.Comment: preprint, 8 pages (revtex

Virginiamycin, Terramycin And Copper For Growing Turkeys

During the past three decades many studies have been reported which show positive growth responses to dietary anti biotics in turkey nutrition. Different feed additives have been used extensively in poultry diets at this station to study their effects on poultry performance. Copper (Cu) has been shown to stimulate growth, reduce the incidence of aortic rupture and prevent crop mold growth in turkeys. The affects of Bacitracin, Terramycin and Virginiamycin on growth rates of turkeys have been reported by many investigators. Turkeys have been shown to give better responses from antibiotics in old environments or on lower energy diets or when some nutrients were marginal or even deficient in diets. This report summarizes the results of feeding the above mentioned feed additives on the growth of 3780 male and 216 female Nicholas White turkeys in 4 experiments. Females were only used in the last experiment. The poults were housed in floor pens with shavings for litter and individual weights and group feed consumption data were obtained at 4-week intervals. All birds that died were necropsied for cause of death

Cosmological Solution from D-brane motion in NS5-Branes background

We study dynamics of a D3-brane propagating in the vicinity of k coincident NS5 branes. We show that when $g_s$ is small, there exists a regime in which dynamics of the D-brane is governed by Dirac-Born-Infeld action while higher order derivative in the expansion can not be neglected. This leads to a restriction on how fast scalar field may roll. We analyze the motion of a rolling scalar field in this regime, and extend the analysis to cosmological systems obtained by coupling this type of field theory to four dimensinal gravity. It also leads to some FRW cosmologies, some of which are related to those obtained with tachyon matter.Comment: 15 pages, To appear in International Journal of Modern Physics

Verschraenkung versus Stosszahlansatz: Disappearance of the Thermodynamic Arrow in a High-Correlation Environment

The crucial role of ambient correlations in determining thermodynamic behavior is established. A class of entangled states of two macroscopic systems is constructed such that each component is in a state of thermal equilibrium at a given temperature, and when the two are allowed to interact heat can flow from the colder to the hotter system. A dilute gas model exhibiting this behavior is presented. This reversal of the thermodynamic arrow is a consequence of the entanglement between the two systems, a condition that is opposite to molecular chaos and shown to be unlikely in a low-entropy environment. By contrast, the second law is established by proving Clausius' inequality in a low-entropy environment. These general results strongly support the expectation, first expressed by Boltzmann and subsequently elaborated by others, that the second law is an emergent phenomenon that requires a low-entropy cosmological environment, one that can effectively function as an ideal information sink.Comment: 4 pages, REVTeX

Application of Pseudo-Hermitian Quantum Mechanics to a Complex Scattering Potential with Point Interactions

We present a generalization of the perturbative construction of the metric operator for non-Hermitian Hamiltonians with more than one perturbation parameter. We use this method to study the non-Hermitian scattering Hamiltonian: H=p^2/2m+\zeta_-\delta(x+a)+\zeta_+\delta(x-a), where \zeta_\pm and a are respectively complex and real parameters and \delta(x) is the Dirac delta function. For regions in the space of coupling constants \zeta_\pm where H is quasi-Hermitian and there are no complex bound states or spectral singularities, we construct a (positive-definite) metric operator \eta and the corresponding equivalent Hermitian Hamiltonian h. \eta turns out to be a (perturbatively) bounded operator for the cases that the imaginary part of the coupling constants have opposite sign, \Im(\zeta_+) = -\Im(\zeta_-). This in particular contains the PT-symmetric case: \zeta_+ = \zeta_-^*. We also calculate the energy expectation values for certain Gaussian wave packets to study the nonlocal nature of \rh or equivalently the non-Hermitian nature of \rH. We show that these physical quantities are not directly sensitive to the presence of PT-symmetry.Comment: 22 pages, 4 figure

Day-ahead Energy Management for Hybrid Electric Vessel with Different PEM Fuel Cell Modular Configurations

The increasing demand for decarbonization of marine transportation motivates the utilization of low-carbon resources. Among different options, fuel cells are drawing attention. The selection of fuel cell (FC) and the design of energy management strategy would have a great impact on the vessel’s operational efficiency, and thereby needs to be considered carefully. The objective of this paper is to develop energy management system (EMS) to reduce the fuel consumption of a hybrid fuel cell/battery ship. To this end, a day-ahead EMS scheme is proposed that takes full use of information including ship cruising routines and the degradation status of the fuel cell modules. The developed EMS is optimization-based and conducted off-line to provide guideline for the next-day power generation plan. In addition, three power allocating strategies across the multiple fuel cell modules are considered and compared (equal, independent, and sequential). A sequential rotation procedure is proposed to reduce the degradation rates of the fuel cell modules. Simulation results show that the proposed EMS can effectively improve the fuel economy of the hybrid ship while enhancing sufficient energy backup throughout the full voyage. In addition, comparisons between different FC configurations implies that the independent distribution has the highest fuel efficiency, and with the proposed rotation procedure, the sequential distribution can effectively improve the fuel efficiency by up to 23.2%

A Schedule of Duties in the Cloud Space Using a Modified Salp Swarm Algorithm

Cloud computing is a concept introduced in the information technology era, with the main components being the grid, distributed, and valuable computing. The cloud is being developed continuously and, naturally, comes up with many challenges, one of which is scheduling. A schedule or timeline is a mechanism used to optimize the time for performing a duty or set of duties. A scheduling process is accountable for choosing the best resources for performing a duty. The main goal of a scheduling algorithm is to improve the efficiency and quality of the service while at the same time ensuring the acceptability and effectiveness of the targets. The task scheduling problem is one of the most important NP-hard issues in the cloud domain and, so far, many techniques have been proposed as solutions, including using genetic algorithms (GAs), particle swarm optimization, (PSO), and ant colony optimization (ACO). To address this problem, in this paper, one of the collective intelligence algorithms, called the Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA), has been expanded, improved, and applied. The performance of the proposed algorithm has been compared with that of GAs, PSO, continuous ACO, and the basic SSA. The results show that our algorithm has generally higher performance than the other algorithms. For example, compared to the basic SSA, the proposed method has an average reduction of approximately 21% in makespan.Comment: 15 pages, 6 figures, 2023 IFIP International Internet of Things Conference. Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex, Texas, US

Time and Observables in Unimodular General Relativity

A cosmological time variable is emerged from the hamiltonian formulation of unimodular theory of gravity to measure the evolution of dynamical observables in the theory. A set of constants of motion has been identified for the theory on the null hypersurfaces that its evolution is with respect to the volume clock introduced by the cosmological time variable.Comment: 16 page