The Kolchan: Delineation of a New Northern Athapaskan Indian Group

Proposes that a group of inhabitants of the upper Kuskokwim River in Alaska be designated the Kolchan. They are concentrated primarily in Nikolai Village with one extended family at Telida 50 mi north. Earlier considered a division of the Ingalik (cf No. 72242), archeological and ethnographic study shows them to be an independent geographical, cultural and linguistic entity. They differ markedly from the Ingalik on the Yukon River in their social organization, which most closely resembles the Athapaskan groups to the north and east, the Tanana and Tanaina. Their linguistics are not easily classified. Following the decimation of the caribou in the 1920s, the Kolchan subsistence base has focused more on fishing, trapping and wage labor. As a group they tend to be conservative and remain one of the least acculturated groups in interior Alaska.Les Kolchan : définition d'un nouveau groupe d'Athapaskan septentrionaux. Des recherches archéologiques et ethnographiques dans la région de la haute Kuskokwim, dans l'Alaska intérieur, ont permis de définir le territoire et la culture d'un groupe Athapaskan de l'Alaska qui n'avait jamais été étudié auparavant. La reconstruction culturelle indique que les habitants de la région, considérés jusqu'ici comme un sous-groupe des Ingalik, forment une entité géographique, culturelle et linguistique indépendante

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Includes bibliographical references

Is Cesarean Birth a Risk Factor for Childhood Obesity?

Most would agree that obesity is among one of the greatest challenges that providers face in healthcare. Most often the focus is on diet and activity as the primary factors responsible for weight management. Is it possible that the type of birth method predisposes a child to a life of uphill battles in management of weight and comorbidities? Overweight and obese children likely develop into obese adults increasing the likelihood of developing diabetes and cardiovascular disease at a younger age.4 Is there global evidence that otherwise healthy babies, who have been born by c-section compared with those born naturally, are at risk for obesity over the course of their childhoods

Is Cesarean Birth a Risk Factor for Childhood Obesity?

Most would agree that obesity is among one of the greatest challenges that providers face in healthcare. Most often the focus is on diet and activity as the primary factors responsible for weight management. Is it possible that the type of birth method predisposes a child to a life of uphill battles in management of weight and comorbidities? Overweight and obese children likely develop into obese adults increasing the likelihood of developing diabetes and cardiovascular disease at a younger age.4 Is there global evidence that otherwise healthy babies, who have been born by c-section compared with those born naturally, are at risk for obesity over the course of their childhoods

Paper Session I-D - The New Model for Education and Training

The workplace is undergoing change at an accelerating rate. One of the most far-reaching changes is the evolution of the organization into a form fundamentally different from that which dominated industry during the 1950’s and 1960’s. The corporate hierarchy, once stable and slow moving, with the “thinkers” at the top of the pyramid and the “do-ers” at the base, is poorly suited to the fast-moving, competitive environment of today. Instead, corporations are opting for a flat, flexible organization, characterized by decentralized decision making. Organizations are struggling to compete and, in the process, putting a premium on speed and efficiency. Whereas the model for the traditional organization was the army, with its rigid cohesive structure and clear chains of command, the new organization often structures itself as a loosely knit confederation of entrepreneurial units and relies on teams to create value and profit. Compared to the corporate hierarchy of past decades, the entrepreneurial organization is distinguished by more ambiguity, fewer boundaries, and more rapid communication between the company and its employees, suppliers, and customers

Self-efficacy among Special Education Teachers Who Teach Students Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder

The purpose of this quantitative study is to determine the relationship between perceived self-efficacy and work engagement among teachers of students diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Self-Efficacy data will be gathered using the Ohio version of the Teachers’ Sense of Efficacy Scales (TSES-T) and the student engagement, classroom management and the instructional strategies sub-scales. Work engagement will be evaluated using the Utrecht Work Engagement Total Scale. Participants will be 66 special education teachers who teach students diagnosed with ASD. A bivariate correlational design employing a Pearson correlation analysis was used to determine if there is a significant relationship between work engagement and perceived self-efficacy as measured by the TSES-T subscales consisting of; instructional strategies, classroom management, and student engagement, among special education teachers who teach students with ASD. The results revealed that special education teachers believed that they have the ability to cope with teaching ASD students (self-efficacy) and that they have significant influence on the workplace environment (the agentic aspect of social cognitive theory)