Retrospective chart review of oral somatic delusions

Objective: Oral cenesthopathy is characterized by foreign body sensations without medical and dental evidence for them. It is thought to be a rare disease in psychiatry, but many patients are visiting dental clinics seeking treatment to remove a foreign body. Even though the features of oral cenesthopathy might be different between a psychiatric clinic and a dental clinic, there has been no clinico-statistical study from dentists. In this study, we report a clinico-statistical study of patients with oral cenesthopathy in dentistry. Methods: This is a retrospective chart review of 606 outpatients with oral cenesthopathy in Tokyo Medical and Dental University from April 2010 through to March 2015. Results: A total of 159 male and 447 female patients were included in this study. The mean age was 62.08 years, and female patients were older than male patients. The trigger of the dental treatment and the acute phase of depression at the onset were significantly related (p=0.037). Only 128 patients (36%) had clinically significant improvement after 6 months of pharmacotherapy. No history of psychiatric disorders (odds ratio [OR] 0.479 [95% confidence interval {CI}: 0.262–0.875], p=0.017) and longer duration of illness (>18 months) (OR 2.626 [95% CI: 1.437–4.799], p=0.002) were significant factors for clinical outcomes. Conclusion: Patients with oral cenesthopathy in our clinic were predominantly elderly female patients. Dental treatment in the acute phase of depression might be a risk factor for oral cenesthopathy. Therefore, comprehending the situation of psychiatric disorder and obtaining adequate informed consent might be required to prevent the trouble concerning oral cenesthopathy

Posttraumatic Pancreatitis Four Days after Renal Injury with Massive Retroperitoneal Hematoma

A 25-year-old man accidentally fell from a cliff and hit his right flank on the ground while camping. Initially, he was able to barely walk, but he ultimately became unable to walk at all due to severe flank pain. He had no remarkable personal or family history and was a social drinker. Upon arrival, he showed clear consciousness but was in a hemorrhagic shock state. Enhanced computed tomography (CT) revealed extravasation of contrast medium from the injured right kidney with massive retroperitoneal hematoma. He underwent massive blood transfusion and tracheal intubation followed by renal embolization. His vital signs stabilized on hospital day 2, and he was extubated on day 3. On days 4 and 5, a blood examination revealed increased levels of amylase (360 and 904 IU/L, respectively). Enhanced CT on day 5 did not show signs of severe acute pancreatitis. The maximum amylase level was 1041 IU/L on day 6 and decreased day by day without deterioration of the severity of his acute pancreatitis. He was discharged on day 14. The subacute phase of posttraumatic acute pancreatitis in the present case may have been induced not by direct injury to the pancreas but by several causative factors, such as shock, increased pressure of the retroperitoneal space, or the release of inflammatory mediators from injured tissues or hematoma

Crystalline Graphdiyne Nanosheets Produced at a Gas/Liquid or Liquid/Liquid Interface

Synthetic two-dimensional polymers, or bottom-up nanosheets, are ultrathin polymeric frameworks with in-plane periodicity. They can be synthesized in a direct, bottom-up fashion using atomic, ionic, or molecular components. However, few are based on carbon–carbon bond formation, which means that there is a potential new field of investigation into these fundamentally important chemical bonds. Here, we describe the bottom-up synthesis of all-carbon, π-conjugated graphdiyne nanosheets. A liquid/liquid interfacial protocol involves layering a dichloromethane solution of hexaethynylbenzene on an aqueous layer containing a copper catalyst at room temperature. A multilayer graphdiyne (thickness, 24 nm; domain size, >25 μm) emerges through a successive alkyne–alkyne homocoupling reaction at the interface. A gas/liquid interfacial synthesis is more successful. Sprinkling a very small amount of hexaethynylbenzene in a mixture of dichloromethane and toluene onto the surface of the aqueous phase at room temperature generated single-crystalline graphdiyne nanosheets, which feature regular hexagonal domains, a lower degree of oxygenation, and uniform thickness (3.0 nm) and lateral size (1.5 μm)

Crystalline Graphdiyne Nanosheets Produced at a Gas/Liquid or Liquid/Liquid Interface

Synthetic two-dimensional polymers, or bottom-up nanosheets, are ultrathin polymeric frameworks with in-plane periodicity. They can be synthesized in a direct, bottom-up fashion using atomic, ionic, or molecular components. However, few are based on carbon–carbon bond formation, which means that there is a potential new field of investigation into these fundamentally important chemical bonds. Here, we describe the bottom-up synthesis of all-carbon, π-conjugated graphdiyne nanosheets. A liquid/liquid interfacial protocol involves layering a dichloromethane solution of hexaethynylbenzene on an aqueous layer containing a copper catalyst at room temperature. A multilayer graphdiyne (thickness, 24 nm; domain size, >25 μm) emerges through a successive alkyne–alkyne homocoupling reaction at the interface. A gas/liquid interfacial synthesis is more successful. Sprinkling a very small amount of hexaethynylbenzene in a mixture of dichloromethane and toluene onto the surface of the aqueous phase at room temperature generated single-crystalline graphdiyne nanosheets, which feature regular hexagonal domains, a lower degree of oxygenation, and uniform thickness (3.0 nm) and lateral size (1.5 μm)

π‑Conjugated Trinuclear Group‑9 Metalladithiolenes with a Triphenylene Backbone

Previously, we synthesized π-conjugated trinuclear metalladithiolene complexes based on benzenehexathiol (<i>J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans.</i> <b>1998</b>, 2651; <i>Dalton Trans.</i> <b>2009</b>, 1939; <i>Inorg. Chem.</i> <b>2011</b>, <i>50</i>, 6856). Here we report trinuclear complexes with a triphenylene backbone. A reaction with triphenylenehexathiol and group 9 metal precursors in the presence of triethylamine gives rise to trinuclear complexes <b>9</b>–<b>11</b>. The planar structure of <b>11</b> is determined using single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The ligand-to-metal charge transfer bands of <b>9</b>–<b>11</b> move to longer wavelengths compared with those of mononuclear <b>12</b>–<b>14</b>. Electrochemical measurements disclose that the one-electron and two-electron reduced mixed-valent states are stabilized thermodynamically. UV–vis–NIR spectroscopy for the reduced species of <b>9</b> identifies intervalence charge transfer bands for <b>9</b>^– and <b>9</b>^2–, substantiating the existence of electronic communication among the three metal nuclei. These observations prove that the triphenylene backbone transmits π-conjugation among the three metalladithiolene units