Lymph Node Co-Infection of Mycobacterium Avium Complex and Cytomegalovirus in an Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Patient

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients are known to have an increased tendency for developing opportunistic infections. However, there are no reports of simultaneous lymph node involvement of cytomegalovirus and Mycobacterium avium complex in a human immunodeficiency virus-positive patient. We report a 31-year-old man who presented with acute abdominal pain and tenderness and weight loss. He died a few hours after admission. Autopsy studies showed coinfection of cytomegalovirus, Mycobacterium avium complex and human immunodeficiency virus. Our case emphasizes the need to be careful in evaluating opportunistic infections in severely immunodepressed acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients. This case report is the first manifestation of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in this patient

Lymph node co-infection of Mycobacterium avium complex and cytomegalovirus in an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patient

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients are known to have an increased tendency for developing opportunistic infections. However, there are no reports of simultaneous lymph node involvement of <em>cytomegalovirus</em> and <em>Mycobacterium avium complex</em> in a human immunodeficiency virus-positive patient. We report a 31-year-old man who presented with acute abdominal pain and tenderness and weight loss. He died a few hours after admission. Autopsy studies showed coinfection of <em>cytomegalovirus</em>, <em>Mycobacterium avium complex</em> and <em>human immunodeficiency virus</em>. Our case emphasizes the need to be careful in evaluating opportunistic infections in severely immunodepressed acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients. This case report is the first manifestation of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in this patient

Frequency and Pattern of Bacterial Antibiotic Resistance in Blood Culture Samples of Hospitalized Patients in Besat Hospital in Hamadan (2010-2020)

Background and Objective: In recent years, resistance to antibiotics and the emergence of different strains of resistant bacteria have been the main concern of the World Health Organization and healthcare workers. This study aimed to determine the frequency and pattern of bacterial antibiotic resistance in blood culture samples of hospitalized patients in Besat Hospital in Hamadan, Iran. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on all patients who were referred to Besat Hospital of Hamadan with sepsis symptoms over 10 years. Results: In this study, 1,790 patients with positive blood cultures were examined. The mean age of the patients was 24.81 years, and 58.9% of the patients with positive blood cultures were male. Most of the patients (38.4%) were hospitalized in the intensive care unit. It was revealed that 48.8% of positive blood cultures were gram-negative bacteria and 49.1% were gram-positive bacteria. The most common isolated bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Based on the results, the highest resistance was shown to cefixime (70.6%) and cefpodoxime (67.5%), and the highest susceptibility to vancomycin (98.5%), piperacillin-tazobactam (71.7%), and meropenem (70%). Conclusion: The resistance of bacteria to available antibiotics in Besat Hospital of Hamadan is considerable and leads to worries about using antibiotics and the prevalence of their resistance in Hamedan city; therefore, implementing serious interventions and reviewing the prescribing and consumption must be overemphasized

Acquiring an analytical solution and performing a comparative sensitivity analysis for flowing Maxwell upper-convected fluid on a horizontal surface

The problem of flowing a Maxwell upper-convected fluid on a horizontal surface is considered here in two conditions. One is the condition in which the plate is made of a porous material, and another one when it is not. For each case, the analytical solution is found using a technique called homotopy perturbation method (HPM). The codes developed in Maple software program are employed for this purpose, and the profiles for velocity and temperature are obtained. The provided analytical solution for each condition is validated using the numerical simulation of the boundary value problem (BVP), and then, a comprehensive sensitivity analysis is carried out. According to the results, for each case, an excellent agreement between the numerical simulation and analytical solution is seen. Moreover, it is found that the skin friction coefficient has a downward trend for both conditions when Deborah goes up. Furthermore, increasing the porosity coefficient is accompanied by decrease in both drag force and hydraulic boundary layer. In addition, for the investigated conditions, having a higher porosity factor leads to an enhancement in the heat transfer, whereas a decrease in Deborah has the same effect.https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/thermal-science-and-engineering-progress2022-02-27hj2021Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineerin

Characterization of a novel androgen receptor gene variant identified in an Iranian family with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS): a molecular dynamics simulation study

Androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS) is a common form of 46, XY disorder in sex development disease (DSD). It is due to the androgen receptor (AR) gene mutations and includes clinical subgroups of complete AIS (CAIS) and partial AIS (PAIS), along with a vast area of clinical heterogeneity of completely normal female external genitalia to male infertility. In this study, the Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) was utilized to detect the cause of DSD in a consanguineous Iranian family with two female patients with normal external genitalia and 46, XY karyotype. Sanger sequencing was applied to validate the candidate variant. Next, we predicted the structural alteration induced by the variant on AR protein using bioinformatics analysis such as molecular dynamic (MD) and molecular docking simulations. WES results identified a novel hemizygous p.L763V variant in the AR gene in the proband that was compatible with the X-linked recessive pattern of inheritance. Bioinformatics studies confirmed the loss of AR function. Based on the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) guidelines, it was categorized as pathogenic. This study broadens the AR mutation spectrum and introduces the novel p.L763V missense pathogenic variant leading to AR failure to bind to its ligand, and the resulting CAIS clinical subgroup. This study presents a prosperous application of WES and bioinformatics analysis to recognize the underlying cause of DSD in Iran, necessary for its clinical/psychological management.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarm

A detailed experimental airfoil performance investigation using an equipped wind tunnel

Please read abstract in the article.http://www.elsevier.com/locate/flowmeasinst2021-04-01hj2020Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineerin

An epidemiologic survey of road traffic accidents in Iran: analysis of driver-related factors

【Abstract】Objective: Road traffic accident (RTA) and its related injuries contribute to a significant portion of the burden of diseases in Iran. This paper explores the as-sociation between driver-related factors and RTA in the country. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Iran and all data regarding RTAs from March 20, 2010 to June 10, 2010 were obtained from the Traffic Police Department. We included 538 588 RTA records, which were classified to control for the main confounders: accident type, final cause of accident, time of accident and driver-related factors. Driver-related factors included sex, educational level, license type, type of injury, duration between accident and getting the driving license and driver’s error type. Results: A total of 538 588 drivers (91.83% male, sex ratio of almost 13:1) were involved in the RTAs. Among them 423 932 (78.71%) were uninjured; 224 818 (41.74%) had a diploma degree. Grade 2 driving license represented the highest proportion of all driving licenses (290 811, 54.00%). The greatest number of accidents took place at 12:00-13:59 (75 024, 13.93%). The proportion of drivers involved in RTAs decreased from 15.90% in the first year of getting a driving license to 3.13% after 10 years’ of driving experience. Ne-glect of regulations was the commonest cause of traffic crashes (345 589, 64.17%). Non-observance of priority and inattention to the front were the most frequent final causes of death (138 175, 25.66% and 129 352, 24.02%, respectively). We found significant association between type of acci-dent and sex, education, license type, time of accident, final cause of accident, driver’s error as well as duration between accident and getting the driving license (all P&lt;0.001). Conclusion: Our results will improve the traffic law enforcement measures, which will change inappropriate be-havior of drivers and protect the least experienced road users. Key words: Accidents, traffic; Automobile driving; Wounds and injuries; Mortality; Ira

New molecular insights into the A218V variant impact on the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (STAR) associated with 46, XY disorders of sexual development

Disorders of sexual development (DSD) are an abnormal congenital conditions associated with atypical development of the urogenital tract and external genital structures. The steroidogenic acute regulatory (STAR) gene, associated with congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia (CLAH), is included in the targeted gene panel for the DSD diagnosis. Therefore, the genetic alterations of the STAR gene and their molecular effect were examined in the CLAH patients affected with DSD. Ten different Iranian families including twelve male pseudo-hermaphroditism patients with CLAH phenotype were studied using genetic linkage screening and STAR gene sequencing in the linked families to the STAR locus. Furthermore, the structural, dynamical, and functional impacts of the variants on the STAR in silico were analyzed. Sanger sequencing showed the pathogenic variant p.A218V in STAR gene, as the first report in Iranian population. Moreover, modeling and simulation analysis were performed using tools such as radius of gyration, root mean square deviation (RMSD), root mean square fluctuation (RMSF), and molecular docking showed that p.A218V variant affects the residues interaction in cholesterol-binding site and the proper folding of STAR through increasing H-bound and the amount of α-Helix, deceasing total flexibility and changing fluctuations in some residues, resulting in reduced steroidogenic activity of the STAR protein. The study characterized the structural and functional changes of STAR caused by pathogenic variant p.A218V. It leads to limited cholesterol-binding activity of STAR, ultimately leading to the CLAH disease. Molecular dynamics simulation of STAR variants could help explain different clinical manifestations of CLAH disease