Transfusion-related acute lung injury in multiple traumatized patients

Background: Many of the multiple traumatized patients who refer to the hospital need transfusion. Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is a serious clinical syndrome associated with the transfusion of plasma-containing blood components. In the article, we present a case of TRALI following transfusion of packed red blood cells Case Presentation: A 24 year old male referred to Shahid Beheshti Hospital due to multiple trauma with left femoral and humerus fractures. Due to severe anemia he received 3 units of packed red blood cells. The symptoms of TRALI began 2 hours after transfusion. He was transferred to intensive care unit (ICU) due to metabolic acidosis and severe hypoxia. The TRALI was confirmed after ruling out the other probable pulmonary diseases. He recovered and was discharged. Conclusion: Transfusion related acute lung injury should be considered in any case receiving transfusion of plasma containing blood components

Scopolamine reduces the density of M1 muscarinic neurons in rats' hippocampus

Cholinergic system in CNS is involved in learning and memory. Scopolamine as muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist is used for creation of memory impairment. The purpose of this study is evaluation of scopolamine-based amnesia on memory retention and the effect of this phenomenon on the number of neurons contains M1-receptors in the male Wistar rats hippocampal regions. Thirty-five male Wistar rats (200±20 g) were distributed randomly into five groups. Control group (intact samples) and 3 experimental groups with sham group (saline) were tested by the method of passive avoidance (shuttle box) in doses of 0.2, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg (intraperitoneally) as a single dose. After one week, memory test was taken from the rats. Finally, brains dissected from sacrificed rats, and then processed tissues were stained with antibody against M1 receptors (Immunohistochemistry technique) followed by counting of hippocampal CA1, CA3 and DG regions. Our results showed significant decrease in neurons contains M1-receptors in all area of hippocampus. We found that the less number of M1-neurons showed in 1 mg/kg dose of scopolamine. We concluded that scopolamine as muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist can reduce dose-dependently the density of M1-neurons in all areas of hippocampus

GPC based PID control of the roll Channel of flying vehicle with two actuators

A strategy to increase the control ability of aerodynamic control flying vehicles at the altitude higher than the standard range by using continuous time cold gas thruster is proposed in this paper. At the first an optimal PID (Proportional Integral Derivative) controller algorithm based on predictive control technique is defined, and a generalized predictive control (GPC) is used to derive the control law. Finally, based on the GPC control law PID control, parameters are calculated recursively. The result shows a proper response in the control of flying vehicle.Keywords: Optimal PID Generalized predictive control, Flight control

ONE-TWO criteria: Improving the approach to electrocardiogram

The electrocardiogram (EKG) is one of the major Para-clinic exams for evaluating patients suspected to cardiac or non-cardiac disease which could be very informative especially when assessed by experienced clinicians. To improve and accelerate the approach to EKG interpretation, simple and accurate criteria are useful and save the physician's time especially in emergent situations. In this article, we introduce our criteria which determine whether the electrical axis of heart is normal or not and if abnormal, what kind of deviation it has. These criteria say that "if the mean QRS complex in leads I and II are positive, the axis will be accu-rately in the normal range (-30 to +90); unless, the axis is abnormal necessitating a more complex evaluation". These criteria could simplify the first step of the approach to EKG interpretation especially in emergent situations. They can also be proper substitute for current methods of heart axis determination in clinical practice and for educational goals. © 2010 Motaharsadat Hosseini et al

Chelating and Bridging Roles of 2-(2-Pyridyl)benzimidazole and Bis(diphenylphosphino)acetylene in Stabilizing a Cyclic Tetranuclear Platinum(II) Complex.

The reaction of complex [Pt(Me)(DMSO)(pbz)], 1, (pbz = 2-(2-pyridyl)benzimidazolate) with [PtMe(Cl)(DMSO)2], B, followed by addition of bis(diphenylphosphino)acetylene (dppac), gave the novel tetranuclear platinum complex [Pt4Me4(μ-dppac)2(pbz)2Cl2], 2, bearing both the pbz and dppac ligands. In this structure, the pbz ligands are both chelating and bridging to stabilize the tetraplatinum framework. The tetranuclear Pt(II) complex was fully characterized by NMR spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography, and mass spectrometry, and its electronic structure was investigated and supported by DFT calculations

Modified Dolphin Monitoring Operator for Weight Optimization of Frame Structures

In this article, a modified dolphin monitoring (MDM) operatoris introduced and used to improve the performance of the collidingbodies optimization (CBO) algorithm for optimal designof steel structures (CBO-MDM). The performance of the CBO,enhanced colliding bodies optimization (ECBO) and CBOMDMare compared through three well-established structuralbenchmarks. The optimized designs obtained by thesealgorithms are compared, and the results show that the performanceof CBO-MDM is superior to those of the other twoalgorithms. The MDM is found to be a suitable tool to enhancethe performance of the CBO algorithm