Study on Doping Prevention: A map of Legal, Regulatory and Prevention Practice Provisions in EU 28

Historically, anti-doping efforts have focused on the detection and deterrence of doping in elite and competitive sport. There is, however, a growing concern that doping is occurring outside the organised sporting system; giving rise to the belief that the misuse of doping agents in recreational sport has become a societal problem and a public health issue that must be addressed. The EU Commission awarded a contract (EAC/2013/0617) to a Consortium to undertake this Study with the aim of developing the evidence-base for policies designed to combat doping in recreational sport. Fourteen internationally recognised experts shaped the Study which comprised (i) the collection of primary data through a structured survey, and (ii) secondary data through literature searches and website analysis. All 28 Member States participated in the information-gathering process. Specifically, this involved a systematic study of the ethical considerations, legal position, prevention research landscape, and current practise in relation to the prevention of doping in recreational sport. The Study provides a comprehensive overview of current practice and legislation as it applies to the prevention of doping and promotes and supports the sharing of best practices in the EU regarding the fight against doping in recreational sport. It concludes with seven recommendations for future action that focus on the need for a coordinated response in relation to the problems arising from doping in recreational sport

Prevalence of high blood pressure in 122, 053 adolescents: A systematic review and meta-regression

Several studies have reported high prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular disease in adolescents. To perform: i) systematically review the literature on the prevalence of high blood pressure (HBP) in adolescents; ii) analyze the possible methodological factors associated with HBP; and iii) compare the prevalence between developed and developing countries. We revised 10 electronic databases up to August 11, 2013. Only original articles using international diagnosis of HBP were considered. The pooled prevalence's of HBP were estimated by random effects. Meta-regression analysis was used to identify the sources of heterogeneity across studies. Fifty-five studies met the inclusion criteria and total of 122,053 adolescents included. The pooled-prevalence of HBP was 11.2%, 13% for boys, and 9.6% for girls (P < 0.01). Method of measurement of BP and year in which the survey was conducted were associated with heterogeneity in the estimates of HBP among boys. The data indicate that HBP is higher among boys than girls, and that the method of measurement plays an important role in the overall heterogeneity of HBP value distributions, particularly in boys

Eficiência no solo e estabilidade térmica de novos inibidores de urease.

FertBio 2014

Identificação de novos inibidores de urease de interesse agrícola.

FertBio 2014

Could we find any signal of the stratosphere-ionosphere coupling in Antarctica?

An investigation searching for a possible coupling between the lower ionosphere and the middle atmosphere in Antarctica is here performed on the basis of stratospheric vertical temperature profiles and ionospheric absorption data observed at the Antarctic Italian Base of Terra Nova Bay (74.69S, 164.12E) during local summer time. The result obtained by applying a multi-regression analysis and a Superimposed Epoch Analysis (SEA) shows a statistically significant ionosphere-stratosphere interaction. In particular, by selecting stratospheric temperature maxima occurring at different heights as the referring epoch for the SEA approach, the ionospheric absorption is found to show a positive and/or negative trend (several days) around it. The tendency for an increasing/decreasing absorption is obtained for temperature maxima occurring below/above the stratospheric level of about 17-19 km, respectively

Cultivo de Saccharomyces cerevisiae adaptada em D-xilulose sob condições aeróbias e anaeróbias

O desenvolvimento de um processo para produção de etanol com uma alta produtividade a partir de D-xilulose é de grande interesse econômico. Esse processo pode agregar maior valor aos resíduos lignocelulósicos, além de promover um aproveitamento completo da biomassa, utilizando-se suas frações celulósica e hemicelulósica para a obtenção de etanol. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi estudar a assimilação de D-xilulose, o crescimento e a produção de etanol e xilitol em cultivo de levedura de panificação de Saccharomyces cerevisiae em condições aeróbias e anaeróbis. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em biorreator de bancada de 2L, utilizando meio mínimo contendo a mistura xilose-xilulose. Os cultivos foram realizados com colônia de levedura previamente selecionada a partir de experimentos de screening com mais de 20 colônias de isoladas de levedura comercial que apresentaram crescimento em meio mínimo contendo a mistura xilose-xilulose em condições anaeróbias. A fermentação da D-xilulose pela levedura na ausência de oxigênio resultou na produção de 4,2 g/L de etanol e 3,7 de xilitol. Já o crescimento da levedura em condições aeróbias forneceu como produto principal a biomassa, com formação de 8 g/L e como subproduto o xilitol, com concentração máxima de 2,0 g/L