Modern temporal network theory: A colloquium

The power of any kind of network approach lies in the ability to simplify a complex system so that one can better understand its function as a whole. Sometimes it is beneficial, however, to include more information than in a simple graph of only nodes and links. Adding information about times of interactions can make predictions and mechanistic understanding more accurate. The drawback, however, is that there are not so many methods available, partly because temporal networks is a relatively young field, partly because it more difficult to develop such methods compared to for static networks. In this colloquium, we review the methods to analyze and model temporal networks and processes taking place on them, focusing mainly on the last three years. This includes the spreading of infectious disease, opinions, rumors, in social networks; information packets in computer networks; various types of signaling in biology, and more. We also discuss future directions.Comment: Final accepted versio

On the mode of action of 3 phenylindole towards Aspergillus niger

3 Phenylindole is an antimicrobial compound active towards many fungi and gram positive bacteria. At 5 μg/ml it inhibits growth of Aspergillus niger. Higher concentrations (50 μg/ml) also suppress spore germination; they do not kill the fungus. Dry weight of the fungus still increases for 1 or 2 days after fungicide treatment. The toxicant has no effect on O2 uptake even at higher concentrations (100 μg/ml). The compound markedly affects composition of the lipid fraction of A. niger inducing a decrease in phospholipid concentration with a coincident increase in free fatty acids. Sterol pattern and sterol concentrations were not affected. Antifungal activity was reversed by phospholipids added to the medium. 3 Phenylindole induced a slight leakage of 32P labeled compounds from the treated cells under growth conditions but not under nongrowth conditions. A strain of A. niger resistant to 3 phenylindole had the same phospholipid and sterol pattern as the wild type, but the level of both components was higher (40-60%). The 3 phenylindole resistant strain showed resistance to triarimol and pimaricin. The wild type and the resistant strain both took up 3 phenylindole quite rapidly and accumulated it in the mycelium. 3 Phenylindole possibly interferes with phospholipid function in cell membranes, although the specific site of action has not yet been elucidated. Chemicals/CAS: ergosterol, 23637-22-1, 2418-45-3, 3992-98-1, 57-87-

Umweltgerechte Loesung von Pflanzenschutzproblemen in Winterraps und Mais in Systemen mit reduzierter Bodenbearbeitung Endbericht

SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: F01B1233 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDeutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt, Osnabrueck (Germany)DEGerman

Autosomal recessive Melnick-Needless syndrome or ter Haar syndrome?

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